scholarly journals Insecticidal Efficacy of Syzygium aromaticum, Tephrosia vogelii and Croton dichogamus Extracts against Plutella xylostella and Trichoplusia ni on Brassica oleracea crop in Northern Tanzania.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Nelson Mpumi ◽  
◽  
Revocatus L. Machunda ◽  
Kelvin M. Mtei ◽  
Patrick A. Ndakidemi ◽  
...  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nelson Mpumi ◽  
Kelvin M. Mtei ◽  
Revocatus L. Machunda ◽  
Patrick A. Ndakidemi

The effectiveness of 1, 5, and 10% w/v of aqueous extracts of Croton dichogamus, Tephrosia vogelii, and Syzygium aromaticum and their mixture (2.5 and 5%) was evaluated against Myzus persicae on Brassica oleracea under field conditions. The synthetic chemical insecticide, chlorpyrifos, was used as positive control, and water and water plus soap were used as negative controls. Aqueous extracts significantly ( P ≤ 0.05 ) lowered M. persicae population compared with negative controls. The 5% of the aqueous extract from mixed plants and 10% of each plant used in this study significantly ( P ≤ 0.01 ) reduced aphid, M. persicae population comparable to chlorpyrifos in 2019 and 2020. However, the 1 and 5% concentrations of aqueous extracts of C. dichogamus, T. vogelii, and S. aromaticum and 2.5% of aqueous extracts from the mixed plants significantly lowered the population of M. persicae compared with negative controls in 2019 and 2020 wet seasons. The weekly observations revealed that, at weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 after application of treatments, the population of M. persicae differed significantly ( P ≤ 0.05 ). Also, the aqueous extracts from the mixed plants at 5% concentrations significantly ( P ≤ 0.01 ) reduced M. persicae population as compared with other treatments. It was as effective as synthetic chemical pesticide (chlorpyrifos). Also, 1 and 5% of C. dichogamus, T. vogelii, and S. aromaticum and the 2.5% of aqueous extracts from the mixed plants significantly reduced the population of M. persicae for all 6 weeks of study compared with negative controls. Therefore, these pesticidal plants can be recommended to smallholder farmers for the control of M. persicae in B. oleracea crops.


2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Horacio Tovar Hernández ◽  
Néstor Bautista Martínez ◽  
Jorge Vera Graziano ◽  
Alma Delia Súarez Vargas ◽  
Samuel Ramírez Alarcón

La fluctuación poblacional y los porcentajes de parasitismo se determinaron para larvas de Copitarsia decolora (Guenée), Plutella xylostella L. y Trichoplusia ni Hübner, asociadas con Brassica oleracea L. en tres variedades, col, coliflor y brócoli, durante abril de 2004 a abril de 2005, en Acatzingo, Puebla, México. Se realizaron muestreos al azar cada 14 días en 10 plantas por variedad; las larvas totales fueron contabilizadas, colectadas y mantenidas en una cámara de cría a 27º C ± 1º C y 75% ± 5% de humedad relativa para el desarrollo de los parasitoides. La población de las plagas fue más abundante durante la formación de la cabeza en col y formación de la pella en brócoli y coliflor. La mayor densidad se observó en col, con valores de 1.3, 12.3 y 2.4 larvas por planta, para C. decolora, P. xylostella y T. ni, respectivamente; sin embargo no se registraron individuos de C. decolora en brócoli. Se identificó a Diadegma insulare Cresson (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), como endoparasitoide solitario de larvas de P. xylostella, y a Voria ruralis Fállen (Diptera: Tachinidae) como endoparasitoide de larvas de T. ni. En promedio, el parasitismo por D. insulare fue 46.78% y por V. ruralis sólo del 0.7%. La densidad poblacional y el parasitismo fueron afectados negativamente por la aplicación de insecticidas en los cultivos de brócoli, col y coliflor.


2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285
Author(s):  
F.G. Jesus ◽  
L.A. de Paiva ◽  
V.C. Gonçalves ◽  
M.A Marques ◽  
A.L. Boiça Junior

RESUMO Avaliou-se o efeito de Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Nim), Sapindus saponaria L. (Sabão de soldado), Nim + Piretro + Rotenona, Dimorphandra mollis (Faveira) e Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart) Coville (Barbatimão) em relação a não-preferência para oviposição e alimentação, atratividade e biologia de Plutella xylostella. Discos foliares de couve (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) cultivar Manteiga foram imersos em cada extrato à concentração de 10% (massa/volume) por 30 segundos para realização dos experimentos. Para o teste sem chance de escolha, os tratamentos que apresentaram menores atratividades foram os extratos de A. indica e D. mollis, e o menor consumo foi em A. indica. Os extratos de A. indica, S. saponaria D. mollis e S. adstringens proporcionaram efeito deterrente na oviposição de P. xylostella. Os tratamentos A. indica, S. saponaria e S. adstringens influênciaram negativamente os parâmetros biológicos da praga.


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