POTENSI ALELOKIMIA DARI EXTRACT DAN MULSA BIOMAS TANAMAN SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

[ALLELOCHEMICAL POTENTIAL OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT AND MULCH OF PLANT BIOMASS OF SORGHUM (Sorgum bicolor L. Moench)]. This study was aimed to examine the allelopathic potential of sorghum through aqueous extract and mulch from biomass on seed germination and early growth of three tested plants, namely rice, mustard and cucumber. The results showed that the aqueous extract of the sorghum biomass significantly inhibited the germination of mustard and cucumber seeds, reduced the vigor-index of the germination of rice, mustard and cucumber seeds, and suppressed the growth of radicle length of mustard sprouts. The same thing was seen when sorghum biomass was tested as mulch which also suppressed the early growth of the tested plants on the variables of stem height, fresh and dry weight of biomass of rice, mustard and cucumber. The higher the concentration of allelochemicals extract or sorghum mulch, the stronger the inhibition on germination and early growth of the three test plants. At a concentration of 10% allelochemicals suppressed the germination of mustard and cucumber to 76 and 79%, respectively, while a dose of 10% mulch suppressed early growth in the height of rice, mustard, and cucumber to 56, 55, and 68%; and dry weight to 53, 30 and 60%. The results of this study are important information about the allelochemical potential of sorghum as a natural herbicide in integrated weed management

PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BLEWAH (Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis L.) PADA TINGKAT PENJARANGAN BUAH DAN DOSIS PUPUK NPK BERBEDA

[PRODUCTIVITY AND FRUIT QUALITY OF CANTALOUPE AT DIFFERENT RATES OF FRUIT THINNING AND NPK FERTILIZER APPLICATION]. Productivity and fruit quality of cantaloupe depend on the availability of nutrients and the number of fruits maintained. The aim of this study was to compare the productivity and fruit quality of cantaloupe at different rates of fruit thinning and NPK fertilizer application. The research was conducted in August-October 2020 on street Kapuas V, Lingkar Barat Village, Gading Cempaka District, Bengkulu city. A field experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications for alloting two factorial treatments structure, namely rates of fruit thinning (no fruit thinning, thinned to one fruit /plant, thinned to two fruits/plant, and thinned to three fruits/plant) and rates of NPK fertilizer application (400, 600, and 800 kg/ha) on rhe experimental plots. The results showed that fruit thinnings resulted no increament in crop productivity, but the fruit quality was improved as fewer number of fruits were retained on each plant. The NPK fertilizer at 400, 600, and 800 kg/ha were not able to increase the productivity of cantaloupe and the quality of the produced fruit when the application were made only at planting and 23 days after planting.

POTENSI BIJI JARAK PAGAR SEBAGAI RODENTISIDA ALAMI

[JATROPHA SEED POTENTIAL AS A NATURAL RODENTICIDE]. The controlling of rat's pest attacks often use chemical control that adversely affects non-target animals and leaves a residue for the environment. One of the recommended controls is to use natural rodenticides derived from jatropha seeds and do not harm non-target animals that are environmentally friendly. This research aims to determine the interaction and the best combination of bait mixed with jatropha seeds on the death of Mus musculus, as well as the type of bait and the best dose of jatropha seeds on the death of Mus musculus. The design in this study used a completely randomized design consisting of two factors, the first factor was the bait and the second factor was the dose of jatropha seeds. The results showed that there was an interaction between the type of bait and the dose of jatropha seeds on the amount of feed consumed by Mus musculus. The combination of bait type and dose of jatropha seeds that was best for the mortality of Mus musculus was found in the treatment of rice flour with 3.0 g of jatropha seeds, cornflour with 3.0 g of jatropha seeds, and fish meal with 3.0 g of jatropha seeds. The best dose of jatropha seeds in reducing the bodyweight of Mus musculus, accelerating the time of death, and increasing the percentage of death was 3.0 g of jatropha seeds with an average decrease in body weight of Mus musculus reaching 75%, and the fastest death for five days, and able to kill 100% of Mus musculus.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK JAGUNG MANIS DAN AIR KELAPA PADA MEDIA MS SECARA IN VITRO TERHADAP INDUKSI TUNAS ADVENTIF BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L.)

[SWEET CORN EXTRACT AND COCONUT WATER EFFECT TO INDUCE GARLIC (Allium sativum L.) ADVENTIST SHOOTS BY IN-VITRO CULTURE]. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the horticultural plants used daily for various uses. This study aims to determine the best extract concentration of sweet corn and coconut water and its interaction for induction garlic Adventist shoots (Allium sativum L.) var. Lumbu Hijau. The study was conducted at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, UPN ”Veteran” East Java, in February – April 2021. The experimental design used was a factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor is four levels of extract of sweet corn concentration (0, 50, 100, and 150 g/L), while the second factor is four levels of coconut water concentration (0, 50, 100, and 150 mL/L). The results showed that the extract of sweet corn concentration-time treatment increased the growing adventist shoots percentage, adventist shoots number, and adventist shoots size. The section of sweet corn concentration of 150 g/L increased the rate of growing adventist shoots, adventist shoots number, and adventist shoots size. The treatment of coconut water concentration and its interaction with the extract of sweet corn concentration is still not able for induction garlic adventist shoots (Allium sativum L.) of the var. Lumbu Hijau.

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI DAN INTERVAL WAKTU PENYEMPROTAN BIOPESTISIDA BABANDOTAN TERHADAP INTENSITAS KERUSAKAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KAILAN

[EFFECT OF CONCENTRATION AND TIME INTERVAL OF BABANDOTAN BIOPESTICIDE SPRAYING ON THE INTENSITY OF DAMAGE AND YIELD OF KAILAN]. Biopesticides from Ageratum conyzoides plants are used as an alternative in pest control. The used of synthetic pesticides was widespread as an effort in pest and disease control because it worked effectively and quickly, but caused resistance and resurgence of pests were bad impact on the environment for long term. The content of active compounds in Ageratum conyzoides plants such as flavonoids, anthraquinone, tannins, terpenes, phenols, saponins, alkaloids and steroids worked as controllers of various cultivated plant pests. This study aims to determine the spraying concentration and interval of spraying Ageratum conyzoides on the intensity of damage and yield of kailan plants. This research was conducted in November 2020 - January 2021 at Agroecotechnopark research land, Diponegoro University, Semarang. The experimental design used was a factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. The first factor was spraying concentration (10%, 30% and 50%) and the second factor was interval of spraying (once every 5 days, 10 days and 15 days). The variables observed were absolute damage rate, relative damage rate, plant height, number of leaves and fresh weight of kailan. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance followed by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test). The results showed that Ageratum conyzoides biopesticide was able to control pests and and to support kailan growth. Spraying babandotan biopesticide at a concentration of 50% has been able to reduce the rate of crop damage by pests, supported vegetative growth, and increased kailan growth to provide optimal yield. Spraying time interval did not affect all variables.

PENGARUH LAMA PENYINARAN LAMPU LED (Light Emitting Diode) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN MICROGREENS BUNGA MATAHARI (Helianthus annuus L.) PADA BERBAGAI MEDIA TANAM

[THE EFFECT OF LIGHT EMITTING DIODE (LED) IRRADIATION DURATION ON THE GROWTH OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) MICROGREENS PLANT ON VARIOUS PLANTING MEDIA]. The conversion of agricultural land into residential and office buildings causes a decrease in agricultural land every year so the development of indoor plant cultivation with the concept of urban farming, such as microgreens. Microgreens are plants in the period after germination, usually between 7-14 days. Microgreens have a nutrient content of at least 40 times higher than when they are fully grown. Sunflower plants are one of the plants that have been developed as microgreens. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an introduced plant from America. This flower is bright yellow with a large flower head with a diameter of up to 30 cm. LED light is used to help the plant growth process that is carried out indoors. This research was conducted indoors is located in Bratang Wetan 1 No. 19c, Wonokromo, Surabaya from March 2021 to May 2021. The method used in this research is a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) system consisting of 2 factors with 3 replications. The first factor is the length of irradiation which consists of 4 levels of treatment and the second factor is the type of planting media which consists of 3 levels of treatment. The results showed that the combination of 16 hours irradiation time with soil planting medium was able to increase the growth of Sunflower microgreens plants on the variables of cotyledon width, wet weight, dry weight, and chlorophyll test.

PENGARUH LAMA PERENDAMAN GA3 DAN BEBERAPA MACAM TSS TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L.)

[THE EFFECT OF IMMERSION IN GA3 AND SOME KINDS OF TSS ON THE GROWTH OF SHALLOTS (Allium ascalonicum L.)]. Shallots (Allium ascolonicum L.) are very much needed by the community and have become one of the high-value commodities in Indonesia. TSS or True Shallot Seed is an elective that can be created as a wellspring of seeds and is an answer for address the issue for quality shallot seeds. In the utilization of TSS seeds, there are still a few deterrents in low development strength. In the use of TSS seeds, there are still some obstacles in low growth strength. Dormancy can be solved by treatment with growth regulators that can encourage, inhibit or qualitatively alter plant development and advancement. One of the PGRs that is regularly utilized is Gibberellins (GA3). This review meant to get the connection between splashing time with a few TSS seeds on the development of shallots, which included germination, development simultaneously, development speed, germination life, plant length, and the quantity of leaves. This examination was led in Ketindan Town, Lawang Area, Malang Regime, East Java, from February to April 2021. This review was a factorial investigation organized dependent on a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) comprising of 2 factors: the length of inundation and the kind of TSS seeds that were rehashed as much as multiple times. The main variable was the inundation time in a GA3 arrangement with a centralization of 40 ppm comprising of no dousing, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 45 minutes of inundation. The seed factor of shallot TSS consists of TSS Sanren, TSS Lokananta, and TSS Bauji. The outcomes showed that the mix of splashing time and TSS seed type fundamentally impacted development speed simultaneously and the quantity of leaves 7 dap.

QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF CUCUMBER FRUIT RESULTED FROM VARIOUS METHODS OF POLLINATION

[Kuantitas dan kualitas buah mentimun dari berbagai metode penyerbukan]. Metode penyerbukan mentimun yang berbeda dapat menyebabkan efektivitas yang berbeda dalam pembentukan buah dan, pada gilirannya, menentukan hasil akhir dan kualitas buah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan pengaruh penyerbukan oleh lebah T. laeviceps dan serangga penyerbuk lainnya terhadap produksi tanaman mentimun. Perlakuan yang dilakukan yaitu penyerbukan terbuka dengan bantuan T. laeviceps dan serangga penyerbuk liar, penyerbukan dengan bantuan manusia, dan penyerbukan oleh angin. Indikator yang diamati meliputi kuantitas dan kualitas hasil panen termasuk umur simpan buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyerbukan terbuka dapat meningkatkan persentase pembentukan buah, kenormalan, panjang, diameter, berat, dan jumlah biji. Namun, pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyerbukan tidak mempengaruhi umur simpan buah mentimun.