scholarly journals Prediction of tire grip : a new method for measurement of rubber friction under laboratory conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Salehi
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Rubber Friction

Applying Phytophthora ramorum Inoculum to Hosts: A New Method That Simulates Overhead Irrigation

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Rollins ◽  
Marianne Elliott ◽  
Gary Chastagner
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Phytophthora Ramorum ◽  
New Method ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Phytophthora Spp ◽  
Overhead Irrigation ◽  
Property Owners

The inoculum threshold for Phytophthora ramorum in irrigation water required for infection of plant material was investigated using a novel pressurized device designed to deliver zoospore inoculum in a way that simulated certain aspects of overhead irrigation. The measured-inoculum spray applicator (MISA) was made from plastic plumbing parts and worked by spraying measured volumes of pressurized zoospore inoculum onto plant material through an adjustable misting nozzle attached to the bottom of the device. Pressurization and spraying of P. ramorum zoospores through the MISA did not significantly affect zoospore viability or infectivity on wounded and non-wounded detached Rhododendron x ‘Nova Zembla’ leaves under controlled laboratory conditions. An inoculum threshold of 51 zoospores/ml was found for infection of Rhododendron leaves by P. ramorum using regression analysis. The MISA can potentially be used to simulate overhead irrigation in research involving pathogenic Phytophthora spp., and the results of the current research may assist nursery managers, property owners, and regulatory agencies in assessing the risk of using P. ramorum infested water for irrigation within nurseries and private landscapes. Accepted for publication 19 June 2015. Published 26 June 2015.

scholarly journals Diffraction study of protein crystals grown in cryoloops and micromounts

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1513-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Berger ◽  
Johannes H. Decker ◽  
Irimpan I. Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Diffraction Study ◽  
New Method ◽  
Protein Crystals ◽  
Hanging Drop ◽  
Drop Method ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Crystallization Conditions ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Hanging Drop Method

Protein crystals are usually grown in hanging or sitting drops and generally get transferred to a loop or micromount for cryocooling and data collection. This paper describes a method for growing crystals on cryoloops for easier manipulation of the crystals for data collection. This study also investigates the steps for the automation of this process and describes the design of a new tray for the method. The diffraction patterns and the structures of three proteins grown by both the new method and the conventional hanging-drop method are compared. The new setup is optimized for the automation of the crystal mounting process. Researchers could prepare nanolitre drops under ordinary laboratory conditions by growing the crystals directly in loops or micromounts. As has been pointed out before, higher levels of supersaturation can be obtained in very small volumes, and the new method may help in the exploration of additional crystallization conditions.

scholarly journals The New Method Developed for Evaluation of Anthelmintic Activity by Housefly Worms and Compared with Conventional Earthworm Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Murugamani ◽  
L. Raju ◽  
V. Baskar Anand Raj ◽  
Manjir Sarma kataki ◽  
G. Girija Sankar
Keyword(s):  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
New Method ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Reproducible Method

Evaluation of anthelmintic activity of any drug when carried out in laboratory conditions by using the isolated worms from nature cannot be adaptable with artificial laboratory conditions. Therefore, the present study aims at developing a new adaptable method for evaluation of anthelmintic activity. The present anthelmintic activity study reveals a new methodology with housefly worms cultured in laboratory conditions that resemble parasitic pinworms found in human being. We studied the anthelmintic activities of various drugs on housefly worms and earthworms. The results showed that the housefly worms had taken more time for paralysis and death. Even after paralysis the time taken for death is more in housefly worms in spite of smaller size and lesser weight of the worms compared to earthworms. The study concluded that the earthworms have not adapted to the artificial laboratory conditions leading to erratic results. Therefore, culturing of housefly worms was carried out to evaluate the anthelmintic activity and found an easy, prominent, eco-friendly, and reproducible method in all aspects such as equal age, size, and weight of worms used for the experiment.

Method for Producing Twist Drills by Extrusion Using a Three-Slide Forging Press

2014 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Bulzak ◽  
Janusz Tomczak ◽  
Zbigniew Pater
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
New Method ◽  
Twist Drill ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Conventional Process ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Forging Press ◽  
Twist Drills

The study presents a new method, developed by the authors, for producing twist drills by extrusion using a three-slide forging press. The method consists in using two sectional dies with specially shaped impressions that allow the removal of a ready drill from the die without unscrewing. The study describes the main assumptions of the new method for twist drill extrusion, discussing benefits offered by this method when compared to the conventional process for producing twist drills by extrusion using a monolithic die. In order to verify the proposed solution, dies conforming to the assumptions of the new method were designed and executed. Experimental tests were conducted under laboratory conditions using a three-slide forging press. The model of the material used in the experiments was assigned the properties of Pb1 lead. As a result of the experiments, the theoretical assumptions of the new method could be examined and its practical application verified. Also, ideas for further research aimed at better understanding of the new technology for producing twist drills by extrusion are presented.

Kin recognition and adoption in mysids (Crustacea: Mysidacea)

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1441-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine M. Johnston ◽  
David A. Ritz
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Care ◽  
Kin Recognition ◽  
Predation Pressure ◽  
Brood Pouch ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Method ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

The phenomenon of adoption, i.e. replacement of larvae prematurely liberated from the brood pouch of conspecifics, and kin recognition was examined in three mysid species found commonly in Tasmanian waters: Anisomysis mixta australis, Paramesopodopsis rufa and Tenagomysis tasmaniae. A new method for testing the incidence of adoption using fluoroscein dye, which enables the determination of ‘same stage’ adoptions, is described. Under field and laboratory conditions, all species practised intraspecific adoption into their own brood pouches. Under laboratory conditions the incidence of adoption was higher in T. tasmaniae than it was in the other two species. Tenagomysis tasmaniae also adopted its own young in preference to those of a conspecific. Differences in the incidence of adoption between the three species suggests a higher degree of maternal care in T. tasmaniae than in either A. mixta australis or P. rufa and may be explained by differences in anatomy, habitat conditions and predation pressure.

Selective Sampling and Orientation of Non-Homogeneous Tissues

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 98-99
Author(s):  
C. C. Clawson ◽  
L. W. Anderson ◽  
R. A. Good
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
New Method ◽  
Microscope Examination ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Specific Orientation

Investigations which require electron microscope examination of a few specific areas of non-homogeneous tissues make random sampling of small blocks an inefficient and unrewarding procedure. Therefore, several investigators have devised methods which allow obtaining sample blocks for electron microscopy from region of tissue previously identified by light microscopy of present here techniques which make possible: 1) sampling tissue for electron microscopy from selected areas previously identified by light microscopy of relatively large pieces of tissue; 2) dehydration and embedding large numbers of individually identified blocks while keeping each one separate; 3) a new method of maintaining specific orientation of blocks during embedding; 4) special light microscopic staining or fluorescent procedures and electron microscopy on immediately adjacent small areas of tissue.

A new method for the determination of nitrates

1960 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P WEST ◽  
G LYLES
Keyword(s):  
New Method
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