New Technologies in Personalized Decision Support to Enhance Patient Choice

2012 ◽  
pp. 220-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nananda F. Col
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Average Patient

Medical decisions are difficult when there are two or more reasonable options and each option has good and bad features that different people may value differently because of differences in health, risk factors, preferences, or values. Personalized decision support tools are being developed in many areas, but two particularly promising areas are patient decision aids and Risk Prediction Models (RPMs). These personalized decision support tools can help patients and/or providers make better decisions about preventing, managing, or treating disease, taking into consideration specific aspects of an individual patient that distinguish them from an ’average’ patient or the population at large. Decision aids tend to focus on individual differences in preferences and values, whereas RPM’s focus on individual differences in clinical, biological, and behavioral risk factors. There are tremendous opportunities with both approaches, and both have been shown to be able to improve clinical judgment and decision making. Decision support tools are needed that provide personalized service that addresses important individual differences in biology, values, and preferences, and that targets the provider-patient dyad.

scholarly journals A Review of Waste Management Decision Support Tools and Their Ability to Assess Circular Biowaste Management Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eldbjørg Blikra Vea ◽  
Veronica Martinez-Sanchez ◽  
Marianne Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Support Tools

The circular economy concept offers a number of solutions to increasing amounts of biowaste and resource scarcity by valorising biowaste. However, it is necessary to consistently address the environmental benefits and impacts of circular biowaste management systems (CBWMS). Various decision support tools (DST) for environmental assessment of waste management systems (WMS) exist. This study provides a review of life cycle assessment based WMS-DSTs. Twenty-five WMS-DSTs were identified and analysed through a shortlisting procedure. Eight tools were shortlisted for the assessment of their applicability to deliver sustainability assessment of CBWMS. It was found that six tools model key properties that are necessary for assessing the environmental sustainability of CBWMSs, including waste-specific modelling of gaseous emissions, biogas generation or bioproduct composition. However, only two tools consider both waste-specific heavy metals content in bioproducts and the associated implications when applied on soil. Most of the shortlisted tools are flexible to simulate new technologies involved in CBWMS. Nevertheless, only two tools allow importing directly new background data, which is important when modelling substitution of new bioproducts developed in emerging biowaste refineries.

Evaluation of decision support tools for patients with advanced cancer: A systematic review of literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 356-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Tapp ◽  
Marie-Claude Blais
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Patient Decision Aids ◽  
Ottawa Hospital ◽  
Patient Decision ◽  
Support Tools

AbstractObjectiveMedical decisions in the context of advanced cancer are more based on patient values and preferences than during the early stages of the disease. The implementation of shared decision-making is particularly important with an oncology palliative care population. However, few decision support tools focus on this population. This literature review aims to identify decision support tools related to palliative care for an oncological population and to assess their quality using International Patient Decision Aids Standards criteria.MethodThe tools were identified through PsycINFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and CINAHL databases; the inventory of tools to assist the decisions of the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; and through the register of Cochrane trials. They were then evaluated using the third version of the International Patient Decision Aids Standards instrument.ResultSixteen tools were identified, which targeted five types of cancer and addressed a particular decision or the use of chemotherapy in addition to palliative care. The quality of the reviewed tools varies.Significance of resultsClinicians can use four decision support tools related to palliative care with an oncology population that meet a certain quality standard. Further studies are needed to develop new decision support tools targeting more types of cancer and decisions.

Decision Support Tools For Assessing Petroleum Upstream Investments

2020 ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Nour Elislam Djedaa ◽  
Abderrezak Moulay Lakhdar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Support Tools

Elicitation of expert knowledge to develop decision support tools for use in water demand management planning

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
D. Inman ◽  
D. Simidchiev ◽  
P. Jeffrey
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Demand Management ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Influence Diagrams ◽  
Decision Support Tools ◽  
Water Demand Management ◽  
Support Tools

This paper examines the use of influence diagrams (IDs) in water demand management (WDM) strategy planning with the specific objective of exploring how IDs can be used in developing computer-based decision support tools (DSTs) to complement and support existing WDM decision processes. We report the results of an expert consultation carried out in collaboration with water industry specialists in Sofia, Bulgaria. The elicited information is presented as influence diagrams and the discussion looks at their usefulness in WDM strategy design and the specification of suitable modelling techniques. The paper concludes that IDs themselves are useful in developing model structures for use in evidence-based reasoning models such as Bayesian Networks, and this is in keeping with the objectives set out in the introduction of integrating DSTs into existing decision processes. The paper will be of interest to modellers, decision-makers and scientists involved in designing tools to support resource conservation strategy implementation.

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