The Use of Soft Computing for Optimization in Business, Economics, and Finance

Banking, Finance, and Accounting ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-6268-1.ch077 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 1462-1509

Author(s):

Petr Dostál

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Soft Computing ◽

Optimization Methods ◽

Business Economics ◽

Decision Making Processes

Optimization methods have had successful applications in business, economics, and finance. Nowadays the new theories of soft computing are used for these purposes. The applications in business, economics, and finance have specific features in comparison with others. The processes are focused on private corporate attempts at money making or decreasing expenses; therefore the details of applications, successful or not, are not published very often. The optimization methods help in decentralization of decision-making processes to be standardized, reproduced, and documented. The optimization plays very important roles especially in business because it helps to reduce costs that can lead to higher profits and to success in the competitive fight.

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The Use of Soft Computing in Management

Handbook of Research on Novel Soft Computing Intelligent Algorithms - Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-4450-2.ch010 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 294-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Petr Dostál

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Decision Making ◽

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Evolutionary Algorithms ◽

Soft Computing ◽

Travelling Salesman Problem ◽

Computing Methods ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Decision Making Processes ◽

Soft Computing Methods

The decision-making processes in management are very complicated because they include political, social, psychological, economic, financial, and other factors. Many variables are difficult to measure; they may be characterized by imprecision, uncertainty, vagueness, semi-truth, approximations, and so forth. Soft computing methods have had successful applications in management. Nowadays the new theories of soft computing are used for these purposes. The applications in management have specific features in comparison with others. The processes are focused on private corporate attempts at money making or decreasing expenses. The soft computing methods help in decentralization of decision-making processes to be standardized, reproduced, and documented. There are various soft computing methods used in management-classical ones and methods using soft computing. Among soft computing methods there belongs fuzzy logic, neural networks, and evolutionary algorithms. The use of the theories mentioned previous is important also in the sphere of analysis and simulation. The case studies are discussed in the article. It can be mentioned, for example, which way should be used to address the potential customer (fuzzy logic), which kind of customer could be provided by a loan or a mortgage (neural networks), the sorting of products according to the kind of customers (genetic algorithms), or solving the travelling salesman problem (evolutionary algorithms).

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Using a Modified VIKOR Technique for Evaluating and Improving the National Healthcare System Quality

Mathematics ◽

10.3390/math9121349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1349

Author(s):

Sun-Weng Huang ◽

James J. H. Liou ◽

Hai-Hua Chuang ◽

Gwo-Hshiung Tzeng

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Healthcare System ◽

Soft Computing ◽

Evaluation Framework ◽

System Quality ◽

Health Security ◽

Decision Making Processes ◽

Vikor Technique ◽

Criteria Importance ◽

The Impact

The effectiveness of the national/regional healthcare system is one of the keys to prevent the spread of COVID-19. In the face of this unknown pandemic, where the healthcare system should continue to be promoted and improved are crucial decision issues. In the past, most studies have used the subjective opinions of experts for analysis and decision-making processes when investigating complicated decision-making problems. However, such decision-making processes are easily influenced by experts’ preferences. Therefore, this research proposes a soft computing technology that integrates CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) with the modified VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje in Serbian, meaning multicriteria optimization and compromise solution (modified VIKOR) technique to reduce the impact of expert preference. In order to cope with the fact that COVID-19 has spread globally and to discover problems quickly and effectively, this study uses the global health security (GHS) index as the evaluation framework and conducts overall discussions in 195 countries/regions around the world. It is verified that the technology of soft computing can be used for continuous promotion and improvement of the national/regional healthcare system. This technology facilitates decision makers to know the gap of performance between the current healthcare system and the aspiration level. Finally, based on these gaps, we provide management advice to help improve these systems.

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The Use of Soft Computing in Management

Psychology and Mental Health ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-0159-6.ch068 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1541-1579

Author(s):

Petr Dostál

Keyword(s):

Neural Networks ◽

Decision Making ◽

Fuzzy Logic ◽

Evolutionary Algorithms ◽

Soft Computing ◽

Travelling Salesman Problem ◽

Computing Methods ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Decision Making Processes ◽

Soft Computing Methods

The decision-making processes in management are very complicated because they include political, social, psychological, economic, financial, and other factors. Many variables are difficult to measure; they may be characterized by imprecision, uncertainty, vagueness, semi-truth, approximations, and so forth. Soft computing methods have had successful applications in management. Nowadays the new theories of soft computing are used for these purposes. The applications in management have specific features in comparison with others. The processes are focused on private corporate attempts at money making or decreasing expenses. The soft computing methods help in decentralization of decision-making processes to be standardized, reproduced, and documented. There are various soft computing methods used in management-classical ones and methods using soft computing. Among soft computing methods there belongs fuzzy logic, neural networks, and evolutionary algorithms. The use of the theories mentioned previous is important also in the sphere of analysis and simulation. The case studies are discussed in the article. It can be mentioned, for example, which way should be used to address the potential customer (fuzzy logic), which kind of customer could be provided by a loan or a mortgage (neural networks), the sorting of products according to the kind of customers (genetic algorithms), or solving the travelling salesman problem (evolutionary algorithms).

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Cognitive Processing of Miscommunication in Interactive Listening: An Evaluation of Listener Indecision and Cognitive Effort

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00128 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Jennifer M. Roche ◽

Arkady Zgonnikov ◽

Laura M. Morett

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Cognitive Processing ◽

Language Processing ◽

Cognitive Effort ◽

Mouse Tracking ◽

Computer Mouse ◽

Decision Making Processes ◽

Computer Mouse Tracking ◽

Listening Task ◽

Processing Effort

Purpose The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the social and cognitive underpinnings of miscommunication during an interactive listening task. Method An eye and computer mouse–tracking visual-world paradigm was used to investigate how a listener's cognitive effort (local and global) and decision-making processes were affected by a speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication. Results Experiments 1 and 2 found that an environmental cue that made a miscommunication more or less salient impacted listener language processing effort (eye-tracking). Experiment 2 also indicated that listeners may develop different processing heuristics dependent upon the speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication, exerting a significant impact on cognition and decision making. We also found that perspective-taking effort and decision-making complexity metrics (computer mouse tracking) predict language processing effort, indicating that instances of miscommunication produced cognitive consequences of indecision, thinking, and cognitive pull. Conclusion Together, these results indicate that listeners behave both reciprocally and adaptively when miscommunications occur, but the way they respond is largely dependent upon the type of ambiguity and how often it is produced by the speaker.

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“It's Not Humanly Possible to Do Everything”: Perspectives on Intervention Decision-Making Processes of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Perspectives on Language Learning and Education ◽

10.1044/lle22.1.13 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 13-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Erinn Finke ◽

Kathryn Drager ◽

Elizabeth C. Serpentine

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Individualized Education Program ◽

Children With Autism ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Individual Decision ◽

Decision Making Processes ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

Interview Methodology ◽

Communication Interventions

Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to understand the decision-making processes used by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) related to communication-based interventions. Method Qualitative interview methodology was used. Data were gathered through interviews. Each parent had a child with ASD who was at least four-years-old; lived with their child with ASD; had a child with ASD without functional speech for communication; and used at least two different communication interventions. Results Parents considered several sources of information for learning about interventions and provided various reasons to initiate and discontinue a communication intervention. Parents also discussed challenges introduced once opinions of the school individualized education program (IEP) team had to be considered. Conclusions Parents of children with ASD primarily use individual decision-making processes to select interventions. This discrepancy speaks to the need for parents and professionals to share a common “language” about interventions and the decision-making process.

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