Developing the Knowledge for Integrating Digital Technologies
Program leaders at Oregon State University proposed the development of an online Master of Science degree program for transforming K-12 inservice teachers' technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) for integrating 21st century technologies. The challenge was to identify instructional strategies for an online professional development environment dominated by asynchronous connections. The instructional team identified recommendations in transformative adult learning theory through the combination of key educational experiences with discourse and critical reflection toward transforming adults' thinking and understanding. This chapter presents an examination of the combination using spreadsheets as the technology integrated in science and mathematics instruction. The technology-infused learning experiences modeled inquiry tasks for engaging participants as students learning about and with spreadsheets followed by thinking and designing plans to integrate spreadsheets in the curriculum. The participants engaged in inquiry, communication and collaboration in these spreadsheet explorations. Discourse in small groups, communities of learners, and individual critical reflections revealed transformation in their thinking as identified through the four TPACK components. The discourse engagements also demonstrated that this shared knowledge supported the participants' individual knowledge development. Their reflections displayed transformations in their thinking that identified the use of spreadsheets as algebraic reasoning tools in the science/mathematics curriculum. The results provided direction for using this combination of strategies in the design of the online, graduate level, MS program with the goal of identifying best instructional practices for online, technology-infused instruction towards cognitive gains that enhanced the participants' TPACK transformations.