Neural and Kernal Methods for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

2011 ◽  
pp. 238-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Camps-Valls ◽  
J. D. Martin-Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Clinical Problems

Recently, important advances in dosage formulations, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), and the emerging role of combined therapies have resulted in a substantial improvement in patients’ quality of life. Nevertheless, the increasing amounts of collected data and the non-linear nature of the underlying pharmacokinetic processes justify the development of mathematical models capable of predicting concentrations of a given administered drug and then adjusting the optimal dosage. Physical models of drug absorption and distribution and Bayesian forecasting have been used to predict blood concentrations, but their performance is not optimal and has given rise to the appearance of neural and kernel methods that could improve it. In this chapter, we present a complete review of neural and kernel models for TDM. All presented methods are theoretically motivated, and illustrative examples in real clinical problems are included.

scholarly journals The role of therapeutic drug monitoring in treatment of HIV infection

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (S1) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
David J. Back ◽  
Saye H. Khoo ◽  
Sara E. Gibbons ◽  
Concepta Merry
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Therapeutic Drug

scholarly journals Role of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Challenges in the Management of Infantile Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sneha Tandon ◽  
Raviraj Deshpande ◽  
Gaurav Narula ◽  
Maya Prasad ◽  
Amey Paradkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Therapeutic Drug

scholarly journals Can We Rely on AGNP Therapeutic Targets Also For LAI Antipsychotics?

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
pp. 270-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Baldelli ◽  
Emilio Clementi ◽  
Dario Cattaneo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Consensus Guidelines ◽  
Long Acting

AbstractThe updated AGNP Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) in Neuropsychopharmacology recently published in the journal have reinforced the key role of TDM to individualize psychoparmacological therapies in clinical practice. However, we believe, that these guidelines have missed the important opportunity to face with, and to provide useful information on, the emerging issue of long-acting injectable formulations of atypical antipsychotics. Specific therapeutic ranges also for these formulations should be included in the next AGNP guidelines.

scholarly journals Role of therapeutic drug monitoring in pulmonary infections: use and potential for expanded use of dried blood spot samples

Bioanalysis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Hofman ◽  
Mathieu S Bolhuis ◽  
Remco A Koster ◽  
Onno W Akkerman ◽  
Sander van Assen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Dried Blood Spot ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Blood Spot

Is Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Anti-tumour Necrosis Factor Agents in Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Ready for Standard of Care? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1057-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Shah ◽  
Gila R Hoffman ◽  
Mohammed El-Dallal ◽  
Alexander M Goldowsky ◽  
Ye Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Abstract Introduction Using therapeutic drug monitoring [TDM] in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] remains controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to answer four clinical PICO [Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome] questions. Methods We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central from inception to June 30, 2019. Remission was defined by the manuscripts’ definitions of clinical remission. Data were analysed using RevMan 5.3. Quality of evidence was assessed with GRADE methodology. Results We identified and screened 3365 abstracts and 11 articles. PICO 1 Reactive vs No TDM: six studies pooled showed 57.1% [257/450] failed to achieve remission following reactive TDM vs 44.7% [268/600] in the no TDM group (risk ratio [RR]: 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.88–1.47). PICO 2 Proactive vs no TDM: five studies pooled showed 19.5% [75/384] failed to maintain remission in the proactive TDM group vs 33.4% [248/742] in the no TDM group [RR: 0.60; 95% CI 0.35–1.04]. PICO 3 Proactive vs Reactive TDM: two retrospective studies pooled showed 14.2% [26/183] failure to maintain remission in the proactive TDM group and 64.7% [119/184] in the reactive TDM group [RR: 0.22; 95% CI 0.15–0.32]. PICO 4 TDM [proactive/reactive] vs No TDM: we pooled 10 studies showing 39.7% [332/837] failed to achieve remission in the TDM [proactive/reactive] cohort vs 40.3% [428/1063] in the no TDM cohort [RR: 0.94; 95% CI 0.77–1.14]. Overall, the quality of evidence in each PICO was very low when using GRADE. Conclusions This meta-analysis shows that data supporting use of TDM in adults are limited and of very low quality. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the place of TDM in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Routine clinical monitoring of sirolimus (rapamycin) whole-blood concentrations by HPLC with ultraviolet detection

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1943-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
K L Napoli ◽  
B D Kahan
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Ultraviolet Detection

Abstract During phase I/II clinical trials of sirolimus (rapamycin; SRL), therapeutic drug monitoring was performed with a multistep liquid-liquid extraction of 1-mL aliquots of whole blood followed by reversed-phase HPLC with ultraviolet detection. Blood was sampled according to a standardized protocol and clinical status. SRL concentrations were interpolated from calibration curves with a linear range of 0-50 micrograms/L and 1 microgram/L lower limit of quantification. Quality control was monitored over 68 consecutive analytical runs by using frozen aliquots of SRL-supplemented pooled whole blood at 4, 12, and 32 micrograms/L. These samples showed mean concentrations of 3.7 +/- 0.6, 10.9 +/- 1.1, and 29.6 +/- 2.6 micrograms/L, respectively. This method for therapeutic drug monitoring of SRL permits one full-time technician to analyze 100 clinical specimens per week with a 24-h turnaround time. With this method, a strong linear relation (r2 = 0.946, Sy/x = 0.41, n = 115) between the average SRL concentration over a 24-h period and the SRL concentration at the 24th h was revealed.

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