Designing Practice-Oriented Interactive Vocabularies for Workflow-Based Virtual CoP

2010 ◽  
pp. 283-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demosthenes Akoumianakis ◽  
Giannis Milolidakis ◽  
George Vellis ◽  
Dimitrios Kotsalis
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Virtual Teams ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Virtual Community Of Practice ◽  
First Case ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Virtual Communities Of Practice

This chapter concentrates on the development of practice-specific toolkits for managing on-line practices in the context of virtual communities of practice. The authors describe two case studies in different application domains each presenting alternative but complementary insights to the design of computer-mediated practice vocabularies. The first case study describes how established practices in music performance are encapsulated in a suitably augmented music toolkit so as to facilitate the learning objectives of virtual teams engaged in music master classes. The second case study is slightly different in orientation as it seeks to establish a toolkit for engaging in new coordinative practices in the course of building information-based products such as vacation packages for tourists. This time the virtual team is a cross-organization virtual community of practice with members streamlining their efforts by internalizing and performing in accordance with the new practice. Collectively, the case studies provide insight to building novel practice-specific toolkits to either encapsulate existing or support novel practices.

The Search for the 'Hidden' Virtual Communities of Practice

2010 ◽  
pp. 42-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ribeiro ◽  
Chris Kimble
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Electronic Networks ◽  
Virtual Community Of Practice ◽  
Seci Model ◽  
Virtual Communities Of Practice ◽  
Fully Functioning

This chapter examines the possibility of discovering a “hidden” (potential) Community of Practice (CoP) inside electronic networks, and then using this knowledge to nurture it into a fully functioning Virtual Community of Practice (VCoP). Starting from the standpoint of the need to manage knowledge and create innovation, the chapter discusses several issues related to this subject. It begins by examining Nonaka’s SECI model and his notion of Knowledge Transfer; the authors follow this by an investigation of the links between Communities of Practice (CoPs) and Knowledge Management; the chapter concludes by examining the relation between Nonaka’s Communities of Interaction and CoPs. Having established this the authors start their examination of the characteristics of “hidden” Communities of Practice. Following on from the previous discussion, they look at what is meant by “hidden” CoPs and what their value might be. They also look at the distinction between Distributed CoPs (DCoPs) and Virtual CoPs (VCoPs) and the issues raised when moving from ‘hidden’ CoPs to fully functioning VCoPs. The chapter concludes with some preliminary findings from a semi-structured interview conducted in the Higher Education Academy Psychology Network (UK). These findings are contrasted against the theory and some further proposals are made.

The Search for the ’Hidden’ Virtual Communities of Practice

2011 ◽  
pp. 2395-2411
Author(s):  
Richard Ribeiro ◽  
Chris Kimble
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Electronic Networks ◽  
Virtual Community Of Practice ◽  
Seci Model ◽  
Virtual Communities Of Practice ◽  
Fully Functioning

This chapter examines the possibility of discovering a “hidden” (potential) Community of Practice (CoP) inside electronic networks, and then using this knowledge to nurture it into a fully functioning Virtual Community of Practice (VCoP). Starting from the standpoint of the need to manage knowledge and create innovation, the chapter discusses several issues related to this subject. It begins by examining Nonaka’s SECI model and his notion of Knowledge Transfer; the authors follow this by an investigation of the links between Communities of Practice (CoPs) and Knowledge Management; the chapter concludes by examining the relation between Nonaka’s Communities of Interaction and CoPs. Having established this the authors start their examination of the characteristics of “hidden” Communities of Practice. Following on from the previous discussion, they look at what is meant by “hidden” CoPs and what their value might be. They also look at the distinction between Distributed CoPs (DCoPs) and Virtual CoPs (VCoPs) and the issues raised when moving from ‘hidden’ CoPs to fully functioning VCoPs. The chapter concludes with some preliminary findings from a semi-structured interview conducted in the Higher Education Academy Psychology Network (UK). These findings are contrasted against the theory and some further proposals are made.

scholarly journals Virtual Communities of Practice: Explaining Different Effects in Two Organizational Contexts

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
Organizational Conditions ◽  
First Case ◽  
Communication Work ◽  
Virtual Communities Of Practice ◽  
Organizational Literature

Abstract: This paper presents results from a study on virtual communities of practice (CoPs) in Canada and highlights the main consequences of these new modes of communication, work organization, and knowledge creation through two case studies,1 which are analyzed in detail. The two case studies reveal the different effects observed and offer possible explanations for the variations in the results. Several factors explain the success of one community of practice and the relative difficulties involved in the other. In the first case, the participants were all volunteers and showed high levels of engagement and motivation to attain their objectives. In the second case, the participants were appointed and their project was somewhat more diffuse; the CoP experienced a turnover in leadership, contributing to a lesser degree of motivation and little interest in communicating with each other as a means of creating knowledge. This analysis contributes to organizational literature by highlighting some organizational conditions that lead to different effects in “virtual,” or telecommuting, communities of practice. Résumé : Cet article présente les résultats d’une recherche sur les communautés de pratique virtuelles au Canada, et met en évidence les principales conséquences de tels modes de communication, d’organisation du travail et de création de connaissances, à partir de deux études de cas étudiées en détail. Les deux cas étudiés ici permettent de mettre en évidence les effets différents observés et quelques facteurs susceptibles d’expliquer les différences. Les principaux facteurs qui expliquent le succès d’une CoP et les difficultés vécues par la seconde sont les suivants. Dans le premier cas, tous les participants étaient totalement volontaires, ce qui a suscité une motivation et un engagement plus élevés, ce qui s’est traduit par une meilleure atteinte des objectifs. Dans le deuxième cas, les participants ont été désignés et leur projet était relativement plus diffus. De plus, l’animateur a changé au fil du temps, ce qui a réduit la motivation et l’intérêt des participants à échanger entre eux pour développer des connaissances. Notre analyse identifie des facteurs organisationnels qui contribuent à des impacts différenciés dans les communautés de pratique virtuelles, fondées sur la communication à distance.

Facilitating Social Learning in Virtual Communities of Practice

2008 ◽  
pp. 1155-1176
Author(s):  
Rosanna Tarsiero
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Virtual Community Of Practice ◽  
Virtual Communities Of Practice

This chapter introduces communities of practice as a means to explore human computer interaction in online collaborative environments. Through a wide review of the literature on communities of practice and their virtual counterparts, it argues that the focus for successful interaction design in these communities lies on those sociability and usability aspects that allow greater participation in social learning. It also argues that the facilitator assumes a fundamental role in guiding a virtual community of practice to accomplish work-related informal learning activities in a climate of trust and collaboration. The author hopes that understanding the special opportunities provided by virtual communities of practice will advocate for their widespread routine use.

Facilitating Social Learning in Virtual Communities of Practice

2007 ◽  
pp. 87-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tarsiero
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Human Computer Interaction ◽  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Virtual Community Of Practice ◽  
Virtual Communities Of Practice

This chapter introduces communities of practice as a means to explore human computer interaction in online collaborative environments. Through a wide review of the literature on communities of practice and their virtual counterparts, it argues that the focus for successful interaction design in these communities lies on those sociability and usability aspects that allow greater participation in social learning. It also argues that the facilitator assumes a fundamental role in guiding a virtual community of practice to accomplish work-related informal learning activities in a climate of trust and collaboration. The author hopes that understanding the special opportunities provided by virtual communities of practice will advocate for their widespread routine use.

Virtual Communities of Practice

2010 ◽  
pp. 32-51
Author(s):  
Jens Gammelgaard
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Feedback Loops ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
Virtual Community Of Practice ◽  
Virtual Communities Of Practice

This chapter investigates the phenomenon of virtual communities of practice, and proposes them to be efficient for individual’s knowledge retrieval, when they work in a geographically dispersed organization, such as a multinational corporation. The virtual community of practice is likely to reduce the contextual gaps that typically exist between senders and receivers of knowledge, as it includes the possibility of feedback loops in the information exchange process. However, the organization must provide a knowledge-sharing friendly culture, and an institutional protectionism, in order to establish the required level of trust, being the foundation for knowledge exchanges within the virtual community.

A virtual community of practice to support physician uptake of a novel abortion practice: A mixed methods case study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Frances Dunn ◽  
Sarah Munro ◽  
Courtney Devane ◽  
Edith Guilbert ◽  
Dahn Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Medical Abortion ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Discussion Forums ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Virtual Communities Of Practice

BACKGROUND Virtual communities of practice (VCoPs) have been used to support innovation and quality in clinical care. The drug mifepristone was introduced into Canada in 2017 for medical abortion. We created a VCoP to support implementation of this medical abortion practice across Canada. OBJECTIVE To describe the development and utilization of the Canadian Abortion Providers Support-Communauté de pratique canadienne sur l’avortement (CAPS-CPCA) VCoP and explore physicians’ experience with CAPS-CPCA and their views on its value in supporting implementation. METHODS This was a mixed methods intrinsic case study of Canadian clinicians’ utilization and perceptions of the CAPS-CPCA VCoP during the first two years of a novel practice. We sampled both physicians who joined the CAPS-CPCA VCoP, and those who were interested to provide the novel practice but did not join the VCoP. We designed the VCoP features to address known barriers to implementation of medical abortion in primary care. Our secure on-line platform allowed asynchronous access to information, practice resources, clinical support, discussion forums and email notices. We collected data from the platform, surveys of physician members, and interviews with member and non-member physicians. We analyzed descriptive statistics for website metrics, physician characteristics and practices, and their use of the VCoP. We used qualitative methods to explore their experiences and perceptions of the VCoP. RESULTS From January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2019, 430 physicians representing all provinces and territories in Canada joined the VCoP. Of the 222 who completed a baseline survey, 70.3% were family physicians, 80.2% were female and 35% had no prior abortion experience. Twelve months after baseline, 77.9% of those surveyed had provided mifepristone abortion and one-third said the website was helpful or very helpful. Logging into the site was burdensome for some, but members valued downloadable resources (eg. patient information, consent forms, clinical checklists), and found email announcements helpful for keeping up to date with changing regulations. Few asked clinical questions to the VCoP experts, but members felt this feature was important for isolated or rural providers. Information collected through member polls about regulatory barriers to implementation was used in the project’s knowledge translation activities with policymakers to mitigate those barriers. CONCLUSIONS A VCoP developed to address known and discovered barriers to uptake of a novel medical abortion method was successful in engaging and supporting physicians from across Canada to implement this practice, including many with no prior abortion experience. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT RR2-doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028443

Investigating the potential of redundant manipulators in narrow channels

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622096451
Author(s):  
Ashish Singla ◽  
Jyotindra Narayan ◽  
Himanshu Arora
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Redundant Manipulators ◽  
Redundancy Resolution ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Narrow Channels ◽  
First Case ◽  
Task Priority ◽  
Patient Side

In this paper, an attempt has been made to investigate the potential of redundant manipulators, while tracking trajectories in narrow channels. The behavior of redundant manipulators is important in many challenging applications like under-water welding in narrow tanks, checking the blockage in sewerage pipes, performing a laparoscopy operation etc. To demonstrate this snake-like behavior, redundancy resolution scheme is utilized using two different approaches. The first approach is based on the concept of task priority, where a given task is split and prioritize into several subtasks like singularity avoidance, obstacle avoidance, torque minimization, and position preference over orientation etc. The second approach is based on Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), where the training is provided through given datasets and the results are back-propagated using augmentation of neural networks with fuzzy logics. Three case studies are considered in this work to demonstrate the redundancy resolution of serial manipulators. The first case study of 3-link manipulator is attempted with both the approaches, where the objective is to track the desired trajectory while avoiding multiple obstacles. The second case study of 7-link manipulator, tracking trajectory in a narrow channel, is investigated using the concept of task priority. The realistic application of minimum-invasive surgery (MIS) based trajectory tracking is considered as the third case study, which is attempted using ANFIS approach. The 5-link spatial redundant manipulator, also known as a patient-side manipulator being developed at CSIR-CSIO, Chandigarh is used to track the desired surgical cuts. Through the three case studies, it is well demonstrated that both the approaches are giving satisfactory results.

scholarly journals Systemic Design: Two Canadian Case Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Ryan ◽  
Mark Leung
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Management System ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Resource Management System ◽  
First Case ◽  
Systemic Design

This paper introduces two novel applications of systemic design to facilitate a comparison of alternative methodologies that integrate systems thinking and design. In the first case study, systemic design helped the Procurement Department at the University of Toronto re-envision how public policy is implemented and how value is created in the broader university purchasing ecosystem. This resulted in an estimated $1.5 million in savings in the first year, and a rise in user retention rates from 40% to 99%. In the second case study, systemic design helped the clean energy and natural resources group within the Government of Alberta to design a more efficient and effective resource management system and shift the way that natural resource departments work together. This resulted in the formation of a standing systemic design team and contributed to the creation of an integrated resource management system. A comparative analysis of the two projects identifies a shared set of core principles for systemic design as well as areas of differentiation that reveal potential for learning across methodologies. Together, these case studies demonstrate the complementarity of systems thinking and design thinking, and show how they may be integrated to guide positive change within complex sociotechnical systems.

scholarly journals Using Model Performance to Assess the Representativeness of Data for Model Development and Calibration in Financial Institutions

Risks ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Chamay Kruger ◽  
Willem Daniel Schutte ◽  
Tanja Verster
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
External Data ◽  
First Case ◽  
Multivariate Prediction ◽  
Credit Data

This paper proposes a methodology that utilises model performance as a metric to assess the representativeness of external or pooled data when it is used by banks in regulatory model development and calibration. There is currently no formal methodology to assess representativeness. The paper provides a review of existing regulatory literature on the requirements of assessing representativeness and emphasises that both qualitative and quantitative aspects need to be considered. We present a novel methodology and apply it to two case studies. We compared our methodology with the Multivariate Prediction Accuracy Index. The first case study investigates whether a pooled data source from Global Credit Data (GCD) is representative when considering the enrichment of internal data with pooled data in the development of a regulatory loss given default (LGD) model. The second case study differs from the first by illustrating which other countries in the pooled data set could be representative when enriching internal data during the development of a LGD model. Using these case studies as examples, our proposed methodology provides users with a generalised framework to identify subsets of the external data that are representative of their Country’s or bank’s data, making the results general and universally applicable.

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