Environment Related Issues

The technology and trust model proposed earlier in this book, included environment related trust issues as one category of determinants of levels of trust in B2B e-commerce. These issues relate to a number of factors that may influence creation of a general environment of trust in B2B e-commerce infrastructure among the members of trading partner community. These factors influence the general attitudes, perceptions, beliefs, etc. of users/trading partners of e-commerce infrastructure, in general. This has affected the business relations among the trading parties involved. Though the inter-organizational systems have helped a lot in improving the business relations, the vulnerability and the virtual environment of such systems give rise to trust issues that may affect the level of adoption of B2B e-commerce. This chapter makes an attempt to empirically examine the relationship between the levels of trust and the identified environment-related trust issues.

Author(s):  
Muneesh Kumar ◽  
Mamta Sareen

The emergence of inter-organizational system has facilitated easy and fast flow of information among the trading partners. This has affected the business relations among the trading parties involved. Though the inter-organizational systems have helped a lot in improving the business relations, the vulnerability and the virtual environment of such systems raise the issues of trust that may affect the long-term business relations. This chapter makes an attempt to empirically examine the relationship between the levels of assurance with regard to deployment and implementation of relevant technology tools in addressing the identified technology-related trust issues and ultimately enhancing the perceived level of trust in inter-organizational business relations. The empirical evidence presented in this paper is based on a survey of 106 Indian companies using inter-organizational systems for managing their business relations.


Author(s):  
Muneesh Kumar ◽  
Mamta Sareen

The emergence of inter-organizational system has facilitated easy and fast flow of information among the trading partners. This has affected the business relations among the trading parties involved. Though the inter-organizational systems have helped a lot in improving the business relations, the vulnerability and the virtual environment of such systems raise the issues of trust that may affect the long-term business relations. This article makes an attempt to empirically examine the relationship between the levels of assurance with regard to deployment and implementation of relevant technology tools in addressing the identified technologyrelated trust issues and ultimately enhancing the perceived level of trust in inter-organizational business relations. The empirical evidence presented in this article is based on a survey of 106 Indian companies using inter-organizational systems for managing their business relations.


Author(s):  
Muneesh Kumar ◽  
Mamta Sareen

The virtual environment of B2B e-commerce interactions has been considered to be a barrier in building trust of trading partners. There is adequate empirical evidence that supports the relationship between various trust related technology issues such as security, privacy, authentication, etc. However, there is dearth of evidence confirming the causal relationship between environment related trust issues such as social-cultural characteristics, technology standards, and regulatory framework. Based on a survey of 106 Indian companies using inter-organizational systems, this paper makes an attempt to identify specific attributes of these three environment-related issues that have the potential to influence trust in B2B e-commerce.


Author(s):  
Muneesh Kumar ◽  
Mamta Sareen

The virtual environment of B2B e-commerce interactions has been considered to be a barrier in building trust of trading partners. There is adequate empirical evidence that supports the relationship between various trust related technology issues such as security, privacy, authentication, etc. However, there is dearth of evidence confirming the causal relationship between environment related trust issues such as social-cultural characteristics, technology standards, and regulatory framework. Based on a survey of 106 Indian companies using inter-organizational systems, this paper makes an attempt to identify specific attributes of these three environment-related issues that have the potential to influence trust in B2B e-commerce.


2012 ◽  
pp. 51-71
Author(s):  
Mazen Ali ◽  
Sherah Kurnia ◽  
Robert B. Johnston

Inter-organizational Systems (IOS) cannot be adopted by any organizations in isolation from their trading partner. Their adoption requires cooperation and collaboration between trading partners and, therefore, is reliant on the nature of relationships between the parties involved. For organizations to progress in their IOS adoption, improvement in relationships between trading partners is required before they can adopt a more sophisticated IOS. In addition, through IOS adoption, trading partners can actually improve their relationships overtime. There has been some research that investigates relationships and how organizations progress from one level to the next level of adoption. However, these studies do not clearly define the concepts of relationship, IOS adoption and IOS adoption maturity. Furthermore, they do not adequately justify the exclusion of other variables in defining the relevant concepts and are not theoretically based. This research extends the Kurnia and Johnston (2000) process model of IOS adoption by incorporating the notion of IOS adoption maturity and reducing the scope from a supply chain to a dyadic level to enable better evaluations of IOS adoption progression. We argue that with the proposed model, the dynamics of IOS adoption maturity can be better examined empirically.


Author(s):  
Mazen Ali ◽  
Sherah Kurnia ◽  
Robert B. Johnston

Inter-organizational Systems (IOS) cannot be adopted by any organizations in isolation from their trading partner. Their adoption requires cooperation and collaboration between trading partners and, therefore, is reliant on the nature of relationships between the parties involved. For organizations to progress in their IOS adoption, improvement in relationships between trading partners is required before they can adopt a more sophisticated IOS. In addition, through IOS adoption, trading partners can actually improve their relationships overtime. There has been some research that investigates relationships and how organizations progress from one level to the next level of adoption. However, these studies do not clearly define the concepts of relationship, IOS adoption and IOS adoption maturity. Furthermore, they do not adequately justify the exclusion of other variables in defining the relevant concepts and are not theoretically based. This research extends the Kurnia and Johnston (2000) process model of IOS adoption by incorporating the notion of IOS adoption maturity and reducing the scope from a supply chain to a dyadic level to enable better evaluations of IOS adoption progression. We argue that with the proposed model, the dynamics of IOS adoption maturity can be better examined empirically.


The Holocene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 095968362199464
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Marcisz ◽  
Krzysztof Buczek ◽  
Mariusz Gałka ◽  
Włodzimierz Margielewski ◽  
Matthieu Mulot ◽  
...  

Landslide mountain fens formed in landslide depressions are dynamic environments as their development is disturbed by a number of factors, for example, landslides, slopewash, and surface run-off. These processes lead to the accumulation of mineral material and wood in peat. Disturbed peatlands are interesting archives of past environmental changes, but they may be challenging for providing biotic proxy-based quantitative reconstructions. Here we investigate long-term changes in testate amoeba communities from two landslide mountain fens – so far an overlooked habitat for testate amoeba investigations. Our results show that abundances of testate amoebae are extremely low in this type of peatlands, therefore not suitable for providing quantitative depth-to-water table reconstructions. However, frequent shifts of dominant testate amoeba species reflect dynamic lithological situation of the studied fens. We observed that high and stable mineral matter input into the peatlands was associated with high abundances of species producing agglutinated (xenosomic) as well as idiosomic shells which prevailed in the testate amoeba communities in both analyzed profiles. This is the first study that explores testate amoebae of landslide mountain fens in such detail, providing novel information about microbial communities of these ecosystems.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Khoirul Ummatin

The problem of street children is a social problem that often occurs in urban areas. We may often meet many children who are on the streets. Such a scene is influenced by a number of factors that cause children to suffer in life on the streets, such as family financial difficulties or pressure from poverty, parental disharmony, and special problems regarding the relationship between children and parents. The existence of street children is often a problem for various parties both from family, community and government. In overcoming the problem, the Yogyakarta city government contributed to provide a solution by issuing regional regulations related to the handling of street children, the regulation considers many aspects such as replacing repressive approaches or forced withdrawal then becoming a humane (persuasive) approach to achieving mutual prosperity. By referring to these objectives, it is appropriate to implement a policy that needs to be based on the concept of maqasid sharia which is a study of Islamic law in establishing a law that must be accompanied by goals which are shar'i (human benefit).


2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Rose ◽  
Lisa Nelson ◽  
Rebecca Hardiman

Background: Cognitions are starting to receive more prominence as important when examining a number of factors including the topography of challenging behaviour. This study examined the relationships between maternal stress, challenging behaviour (aggressive and self-injurious behaviours) and parental cognitions and specifically whether maternal cognitions mediated the effect of challenging behaviour on parenting stress. Method: 46 mothers of children and young adults with ID completed questionnaires regarding their child's challenging behaviour, maternal cognitions and stress. Results: Significant correlations were found between challenging behaviour and maternal stress. The overall mediation models for aggression and self-injurious behaviour were significant. The Challenging Behaviour Perception Questionnaire: Consequences client subscale was the only independent significant mediator for both behaviours. Conclusions: Cognitions do play an important part in mediating the relationship between challenging behaviour and stress. Further research is needed to examine the similarities and differences between the mediation models for aggression and self-injurious behaviour.


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