Knowledge-oriented leadership and technology standard innovation: a temporary-team perspective

Purpose This study aims to investigate the relevance of knowledge-oriented leadership (KOL) to technology standard innovation (TSI) from a temporary-team perspective. The mediating and moderating effect on knowledge integration (KI) and leader–member exchange (LMX) is emphasized. Design/methodology/approach The conceptual model is built based on an exhaustive literature review and is empirically tested in terms of a sample of 341 Chinese individuals with TSI experience. Quantitative analysis was performed using a questionnaire with the bootstrapping method used to demonstrate the mediating effect of KI. Findings The empirical results of this study prove that KI mediates the relationship between KOL and TSI. The authors deduce that LMX moderates the positive relation between KOL and KI. Originality/value Few studies have investigated the innovation activities of technology standards from a temporary-team perspective. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to look into the underlying mechanism of KOL in TSI. This research deepens the analysis by introducing LMX’s moderating role in the innovation process of technology standards, thereby providing valuable insights for leaders of innovation activities of technology standards and illuminating new aspects of knowledge-intensive temporary-team management.

Analysis of Environmental Management Characteristics Using Network Analysis of CEO Communication in the Automotive Industry

CEO messages in CEO communication are becoming increasingly important. From a sustainable management perspective, it is imperative to study environmental, social, and governance messages. Previous studies on CEO messages have focused on financial analyses. In contrast, this study (1) extracted environment-related words in the CEO messages of automotive companies, (2) selected high- and low-performing automotive manufacturers based on car sales data, (3) compared environment-related keywords used by high-performing (upper group) and low-performing (lower group) companies, and (4) performed a structural interpretation of the keywords to analyze the characteristics of environmental management. A comparison between the upper and lower groups revealed that six keywords—society, electric, technology, standards, contribute, and global—were exclusive to the upper group. The six keywords exclusive to the lower group were sales, target, promote, energy, efforts, and system. Environmental keywords and eco-innovation factors were subjected to keyword–factor mapping and network analysis. Normative pressures, technology, and environmental managerial concerns were the key factors with the highest centrality. Accordingly, the environmental management characteristics of the upper-group corporations can be used as benchmarks by lower groups.

Technology Standardization for Innovation: How Google Leverages an Open Digital Platform

The aim of this study is to investigate firms’ strategies for developing and diffusing technology standards while maintaining a consensus with competitors in their industry. We conducted a case study of information technology (IT) standardization and analysed how Google drives the development and diffusion of HTML5 standards. Accordingly, this study sheds light on two strategic initiatives and two relational practices of standard development and diffusion. Adopting the technologies developed by other firms and forming alliances with other browser vendors are key to influencing the standardization process. Additionally, by building partnerships with developer communities, Google has accelerated the development and diffusion of the HTML5 standards. The mechanisms behind Google’s standardization strategies are also discussed.

Technology Standardization in Innovation Management

The profound impact of technology standards—specifications for interfacing or compatibility between different components or products to interact and function synergistically—dictates an understanding of their evolution, processes by which they come to be, and their impact on businesses, industries, and countries. Technology standards span almost every conceivable aspect of the existing business landscape, especially in dynamic industry sectors. Standardization, the processes by which standards emerge and diffuse, is a complex phenomenon encompassing various actors at multiple levels (firm, industry, institutions) that engage in a sociopolitical process of negotiation and collaboration to facilitate the coalescing of multiple stakeholder interests on a chosen standard. Standardization is multifaceted and emerges through various mechanisms, mainly involving one or more of committee-based (de jure) standards, market-based competitive battles (de facto standards), and institutional (government-based) processes, most involving collective action. Market-based processes give prominence to dominant or pioneering firms that introduce technology leveraging the power of large installed base and network externalities, many times tipping the market in favor of the technology format that was first to market. Nonetheless, markets may not tip, and several technology formats may continue to dominate the market, as in the video game market. Standard-setting organizations (SSOs) spearhead convergence around standards by bringing various entities together to derive the specifications for technical compatibility through consensus. The role of governments in the emergence and diffusion of standards varies by the country, region, and nature of the standard. Standards have facilitated innovation at the firm and industry levels and broadly enhanced trade between nations. Intellectual property, specifically standard-essential patents (SEPs), has attracted significant attention due to the strategic and economic benefits that accrue to owners of such patents as well as the challenges they create within SSOs.

The Effectiveness of Developing a CALL Curriculum Using TESOL Technology Standards on Providing English Language Students with Technological Competencies "This article is extracted from an unpublished PhD dissertation by the first author"

The purpose of this study was to develop Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) curriculum using TESOL technology standards and examine its effect on providing the technological competencies for female students at the Faculty of Languages and Translation at Imam Mohammad University. A descriptive-analytic approach has been used through the analysis of CALL curriculum documents. Moreover، the study utilized a quasi-experimental method for implementing the intervention of the study on a sample consisting of 63 students randomly assigned to two groups: an experimental group of 31 studying the developed curriculum and a control group of 32 studying the regular curriculum. Data collection was carried out by using the technological competencies rubric and test. The results revealed that TESOL standards are weakly met in the CALL curriculum، with a total rate of 36.1%. The CALL curriculum developed was shown to be effective in providing the sample with the targeted technological competencies، with an eta squared value of 0.74 of the total score of the rubric and 0.91 for the test. It recommended enlightening the staff who are responsible for the preparation of the language teacher in the field of "CALL" in the various educational institutions، about TESOL technology standards, as a reliable reference framework for the classification of technological competencies, the identification of needs, and as a guide for planning, implementation, and evaluation. Keywords: computer-assisted language learning, CALL, technological competencies،, TESOL technology standards * This article is extracted from an unpublished PhD dissertation by the first researcher: Mashael Mubark Alqhtani, entitled “Developing the CALL method in the light of TESOL technical standards and its effectiveness in providing female students at the College of Languages at Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University the necessary technical competencies”. Imam Muhammad bin Saud University, Saudi Arabia.