Preperation and Characterization Study of Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Pasam Bhagyalakshmi ◽  
K. Rajan ◽  
K. Senthil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Heat Of Fusion ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetric

Thermal Energy Storage using phase change materials (PCM) has become an interesting area of energy research because of its high energy storage density, isothermal nature of storage process and small volume changes. In the present work paraffin wax (PW) and Palmitic acids(PA) are chosen as phase change materials and mixed in different proportions(40-60% PW-PA, 50-50% PW-PA and 60-40% PW-PA) to prepare eutectic PCMs. And also paraffin is combined with Copper oxide nano powder to prepare composite PCM. Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) Tests have been conducted to find the latent heat capacity of the above combination of PCMs. The results showed that 40-60%PW-PA eutectic mixture is effective in increasing the latent heat of fusion compared to the other combinations.

Parametric Study of Cascade Latent Heat Thermal Storage System for Concentrating Solar Power Plants

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Xu ◽  
Yawen Zhao ◽  
Hermes Chirino ◽  
Peiwen Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Field

Recently, Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) is attracting more research attentions because it can store the excessive heat from the solar field and extend the power generation at night, CSP can also levelized the mismatch between energy demand and supply. To make CSP technology competitive, thermal energy storage (TES) system filled with energy storage media is a critical component in all CSP plant. TES system can be operated by using sensible materials, phase change materials (PCMs) or a combination of both. Because the phase change materials can store more heat due to the latent during the melting/freezing process, it becomes promising to use PCM in latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) system for large scale CSP application. Unfortunately, LHSS has relatively low energy storage efficiency compared to SHSS alone because of the fact that LHSS has more parameters to be controlled and optimized. To realize a complete utilization of PCM and a high energy storage/extraction efficiency and a high exergetic efficiency, one approach is to adopt a cascade configuration of multiple PCMs modules in TES tank, which can also be called as a cascade latent heat thermal energy storage (CLHTES) system. The melting temperatures of the PCMs placed in the TES tank should be cascaded from low to high temperature, where the latent heat of PCM can completely be used to absorb the heat from the solar field for energy storage purpose. Due to the complexity of a CLHTES system, it is necessary to provide a comprehensive study from the heat transfer perspective. This paper presents a preliminary parametric study of CLHTES system using a previously developed enthalpy-based 1D transient model for energy storage/extraction in CLHTES system. The effects of material properties (such as latent heat, specific heat at solid and liquid phase) and CSP plant operation conditions (such as charging/discharging time period) are to be explored. The results from the preliminary parametric study is expected to be beneficial to the community of solar thermal engineering.

scholarly journals Eutectic composition of selected phase change materials for thermal energy storage applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olakunle F Isamotu ◽  
Nicholas A Musa ◽  
Joshua B Aluko ◽  
Maclawrence A Oriaifo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Latent Heat Storage

Latent heat storage in salt mixture has drawn so much attention because of the salt mixture’s capability of storing   large quantity of heat when compared to single salt thereby, making it more feasible for use as phase change material.  However it is worthwhile to find out among various combination of salts forming eutectic   mixtures, the one that has the best energy storage capability by evaluating   and comparing their melting points and latent heat storage. So in this research work, four different types of eutectic mixture of   salts were prepared and experimentally   investigated for the best thermal energy storage capability.  The first eutectic mixture consists of 2.6g of LiNO3, 6.4g of NH4NO3   and 1g of NaNO3. The second eutectic mixture consists of1.75g of LiNO3,   3.9g of NH4NO3 and 1.1g of KNO3. The third one consists of 5.2g of   LiNO3, 13.7g   of NH4NO3 and 1g of NH4Cl) and the fourth one consists of 1.77g of LiNO3, 2.94g of NH4NO3,  1g of NaNO3 and 1g of NaCl. The latent heat and the melting point of the respective salt and their eutectic mixture were determined using digital differential scanning Apparatus.  The results obtained showed that the melting points and latent heats of  the first, second, third and fourth eutectic mixture  were 79.50C and 112kJ/kg,  80.50C and 114kJ/kg,  81.40C and 109kJ/kg,  84.40C and 119kJ/kg respectively.  In view of this, the eutectic mixture of 1.77g of LiNO3, 2.94g of NH4NO3, 1g of NaNO3 and 1g of NaCl with melting point of 84.40C and latent heat of 119KJ/Kg was found to possess the best thermal energy storage capability compared to others..Keywords—Eutectic mixture, Salts, Phase change materials (PCM), Latent heat storage

scholarly journals Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Materials in Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Systems: A Review

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3821
Author(s):  
Kassianne Tofani ◽  
Saeed Tiari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage Systems

Latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES) are useful for solar energy storage and many other applications, but there is an issue with phase change materials (PCMs) having low thermal conductivity. This can be enhanced with fins, metal foam, heat pipes, multiple PCMs, and nanoparticles (NPs). This paper reviews nano-enhanced PCM (NePCM) alone and with additional enhancements. Low, middle, and high temperature PCM are classified, and the achievements and limitations of works are assessed. The review is categorized based upon enhancements: solely NPs, NPs and fins, NPs and heat pipes, NPs with highly conductive porous materials, NPs and multiple PCMs, and nano-encapsulated PCMs. Both experimental and numerical methods are considered, focusing on how well NPs enhanced the system. Generally, NPs have been proven to enhance PCM, with some types more effective than others. Middle and high temperatures are lacking compared to low temperature, as well as combined enhancement studies. Al2O3, copper, and carbon are some of the most studied NP materials, and paraffin PCM is the most common by far. Some studies found NPs to be insignificant in comparison to other enhancements, but many others found them to be beneficial. This article also suggests future work for NePCM and LHTES systems.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the Thermal Energy Storage Using Heat-Pipe-Assisted Phase Change Material

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Behi ◽  
Mohammadreza Behi ◽  
Ali Ghanbarpour ◽  
Danial Karimi ◽  
Aryan Azad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Change Material

Usage of phase change materials’ (PCMs) latent heat has been investigated as a promising method for thermal energy storage applications. However, one of the most common disadvantages of using latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) is the low thermal conductivity of PCMs. This issue affects the rate of energy storage (charging/discharging) in PCMs. Many researchers have proposed different methods to cope with this problem in thermal energy storage. In this paper, a tubular heat pipe as a super heat conductor to increase the charging/discharging rate was investigated. The temperature of PCM, liquid fraction observations, and charging and discharging rates are reported. Heat pipe effectiveness was defined and used to quantify the relative performance of heat pipe-assisted PCM storage systems. Both experimental and numerical investigations were performed to determine the efficiency of the system in thermal storage enhancement. The proposed system in the charging/discharging process significantly improved the energy transfer between a water bath and the PCM in the working temperature range of 50 °C to 70 °C.

scholarly journals The Impact of Heat Exchangers’ Constructions on the Melting and Solidification Time of Phase Change Materials

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4840
Author(s):  
Ewelina Radomska ◽  
Lukasz Mika ◽  
Karol Sztekler ◽  
Lukasz Lis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage Systems

An application of latent heat thermal energy storage systems with phase change materials seems to be unavoidable in the present world. The latent heat thermal energy storage systems allow for storing excessive heat during low demand and then releasing it during peak demand. However, a phase change material is only one of the components of a latent heat thermal energy storage system. The second part of the latent heat thermal energy storage is a heat exchanger that allows heat transfer between a heat transfer fluid and a phase change material. Thus, the main aim of this review paper is to present and systematize knowledge about the heat exchangers used in the latent heat thermal energy storage systems. Furthermore, the operating parameters influencing the phase change time of phase change materials in the heat exchangers, and the possibilities of accelerating the phase change are discussed. Based on the literature reviewed, it is found that the phase change time of phase change materials in the heat exchangers can be reduced by changing the geometrical parameters of heat exchangers or by using fins, metal foams, heat pipes, and multiple phase change materials. To decrease the phase change material’s phase change time in the tubular heat exchangers it is recommended to increase the number of tubes keeping the phase change material’s mass constant. In the case of tanks filled with spherical phase change material’s capsules, the capsules’ diameter should be reduced to shorten the phase change time. However, it is found that some changes in the constructions of heat exchangers reduce the melting time of the phase change materials, but they increase the solidification time.

scholarly journals Edible Oils as Practical Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer Kahwaji ◽  
Mary Anne White
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Heat Of Fusion ◽  
Vegetable Shortening

Edible oils could provide more accessible alternatives to other phase change materials (PCMs) for consumers who wish to build a thermal energy storage (TES) system with sustainable materials. Edible oils have good shelf life, can be acquired easily from local stores and can be less expensive than other PCMs. In this work, we explore whether margarine, vegetable shortening, and coconut oil are feasible PCMs, by investigations of their thermal properties and thermal stability. We found that margarine and vegetable shortening are not useful for TES due to their low latent heat of fusion, ΔfusH, and poor thermal stability. In contrast, coconut oil remained thermally stable after 200 melt-freeze cycles, and has a large ΔfusH of 105 ± 11 J g−1, a low degree of supercooling and a transition temperature, Tmpt = 24.5 ± 1.5 °C, that makes it very useful for TES in buildings. We also determined coconut oil’s heat capacity and thermal conductivity as functions of temperature and used the measured properties to evaluate the feasibility of coconut oil for thermal buffering and passive heating of a residential-scale greenhouse.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document