Production of Levulinic Acid from Cellulose Catalyzed by Environmental-Friendly Catalyst

2010 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Wang ◽  
Si Hui Zhan ◽  
Hong Bing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Sulfated Tio2 ◽  
Catalyst Dosage

Using solid acid catalyst for the levulinic acid (LA) production from cellulose is one of the promising methods for utilization of biomass. An environmentally friendly solid acid catalyst, sulfated TiO2 was prepared by precipitation-impregnation method and used to catalyze the production of levulinic acid from cellulose. The concentration of sulphuric acid had a remarkable influence on the construction and catalytic activity of sulfated TiO2. The influence of reaction temperature and catalyst dosage on levulinic acid yield was also investigated with the aim to obtain the highest yield of LA. The optimum condition for the highest yield of levulinic acid (27.2%) was achieved at 240 °C, 0.7g of sulfated TiO2 and reaction time of 15 min. The recycling test indicated that the catalytic activity of the catalyst had a slight decrease after being used two times.

Optimal Process Conditions for Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Glucose Using ZSM-5 Supported SO42-/ZrO2 Catalysts

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 2256-2259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ping Zhuang ◽  
Xue Ping Li ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Platform Chemical

Levulinic acid has been identified as a promising green, biomass derived platform chemical. Since the availability of fossil resources diminishes, the conversion of carbohydrates to Levulinic acid has become increasingly important. ZSM-5 supported SO42-/ZrO2 solid acid catalyst have been applied for the dehydration of glucose to Levulinic acid. With ZSM-5 supported SO42-/ZrO2 solid acid as the catalyst, an optimized Levulinic acid yield was obtained at 180 °C for 2.5 h with 3 g ZSM-5 supported SO42-/ZrO2 catalyst solid acid catalys and the highest Levulinic acid yield was 55.035%.

Conversion of Glucose to Levulinic Acid Using SO42-/TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2 Solid Acid Catalysts

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 234-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ping Zhuang ◽  
Xue Ping Li ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Platform Chemicals ◽  
Catalytic Effects

Biomass represents an abundant and relatively low cost carbon resource that can be utilized to produce platform chemicals such as levulinic acid. This study focused on the effect of SO42-/TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2solid acid catalyst on the catalytic performance in levulinic acid production from biomass-derived carbohydrates glucose. The SO42-/TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2solid acid catalyst showed a high catalytic activity for the selective conversion of glucose to levulinic acid. Experimental results showed that SO42-/TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2solid acid had markedly catalytic effects on the conversion of glucose to levulinic acid. With SO42-/TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2solid acid as the catalyst, an optimized ethyl levulinic acid was obtained at 180 °C for 2 h with glucose dosage of 2 wt% and 3 g SO42-/TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2solid acid catalys and the levulinic acid yield was 74.05%.

scholarly journals Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Using S–TiO2/SBA-15 Heterogeneous Acid Catalyst

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hossain ◽  
Md Siddik Bhuyan ◽  
Abul Md Ashraful Alam ◽  
Yong Seo
Keyword(s):  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Heterogeneous Acid Catalyst

The aim of this research was to synthesize, characterize, and apply a heterogeneous acid catalyst to optimum biodiesel production from hydrolyzed waste cooking oil via an esterification reaction, to meet society’s future demands. The solid acid catalyst S–TiO2/SBA-15 was synthesized by a direct wet impregnation method. The prepared catalyst was evaluated using analytical techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was studied to validate the experimental results. The catalytic effect on biodiesel production was examined by varying the parameters as follows: temperatures of 160 to 220 °C, 20–35 min reaction time, methanol-to-oil mole ratio between 5:1 and 20:1, and catalyst loading of 0.5%–1.25%. The maximum biodiesel yield was 94.96 ± 0.12% obtained under the optimum reaction conditions of 200 °C, 30 min, and 1:15 oil to methanol molar ratio with 1.0% catalyst loading. The catalyst was reused successfully three times with 90% efficiency without regeneration. The fuel properties of the produced biodiesel were found to be within the limits set by the specifications of the biodiesel standard. This solid acid catalytic method can replace the conventional homogeneous catalyzed transesterification of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production.

Novel Carbon-based Solid Acid from Green Pistachio Peel as an Efficient Catalyst for the Chemoselective Acylation, Acetalization and Thioacetalization of Aldehydes, Synthesis of Biscoumarins and Antimicrobial Evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ghorbani ◽  
Seied Ali Pourmousavi ◽  
Hamzeh Kiyani
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Carbon Based

Background: Much attention has been focused on heterogeneous catalysts. Reactions with these recoverable and reusable catalysts are clean, selective with high efficiency. Among the heterogeneous solid acid catalyst in organic synthesis, Carbon-Based Solid Acids (CBSAs), which are important solid acid with many practical and research applications have been extensively studied. In this work, green Pistachio peel, a biomass waste, was converted into a novel carbon-based solid acid catalyst (Pis-SO3H). Objective: The aim of this work is to synthesize highly sulfonated carbon as an efficient, recyclable, nontoxic solid acid catalyst by simultaneous sulfonation, dehydration and carbonization of green Pistachio peel as biomass and investigate the catalytic activity of Pis-SO3H in acetalization, thioacetalization, acylation of aldehydes and synthesis of 3,3'-Arylmethylene-bis(4-hydroxycoumarin) derivatives. Method: Pis-SO3H was synthesized by an integrated fast one-step hydrothermal carbonization and sulfonation process in the presence of sulfuric acid. The characterization of the physicochemical properties of Pis-SO3H was achieved by XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, and elemental analysis. Results: The result of acid-base titration showed that the total acidity of the catalyst was 7.75 mmol H+g−1. This new heterogeneous catalyst has been efficiently used for the chemoselective thioacetalization, acetalization and acylation of aldehyde and the synthesis of biscoumarins under solvent-free conditions. All the reactions work easily in high yields. The antimicrobial activity of some of the biscoumarins was evaluated in screening by disk diffusion assay for the zone of inhibition. Conclusion: The catalytic activity of the Pis-SO3H was investigated during acetalization, thioacetalization, acylation and synthesis of biscoumarins. The results of protection of carbonyl groups and synthesis of biscoumarins in the present work offer effective alternatives for environmentally friendly utilization of abundant biomass waste.

Synthesis of hexyl levulinate as a potential fuel additive from levulinic acid over a solid acid catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 103420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsasadat Mortazavi Tabrizi ◽  
Alireza Najafi Chermahini ◽  
Zahra Mohammadbagheri
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Fuel Additive

Esterification Research on a Bio-Oil Model Compounds System with an Optimal Solid Acid Catalyst

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 1144-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Ling Gu ◽  
Guo Hui Xu ◽  
Zuo Gang Guo ◽  
Shu Rong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Acid Amount ◽  
Bio Oil

Solid acid catalyst has high catalytic esterification activity but with a free acid excess problem. In this paper, washing pretreatments were adopted in the catalyst preparation processes and their influences on catalytic activity and residual free acid amount were investigated. Residual free acid amount can be reduced by 33% with both washing before calcinations and washing after calcinations pretreatments. But their influences on catalyst activities were different. Washing before calcinations pretreatment reduced the catalytic activity from 80.29% to 57.72% while the other washing pretreatment had little influence on the catalyst activity. In order to describe the influence mechanism of washing pretreatments, catalysts were characterized by FT-IR and XRD. Finally, typical compounds in bio-oil were selected to form a bio-oil model compounds system. The catalyst pretreated by washing after calcinations was used on the esterification research of this bio-oil model system. The volume ratio of propanol to bio-oil model compound was 3:1. The reaction temperature was 90 °C and the amount of catalyst was 2wt% of total liquid mass. Combined with the GC-MS qualitative and quantitative results, carboxylic acids, such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid were converted to esters effectively.

Enhanced catalytic activity and stability of SO2-4/ZrO2 solid acid catalyst combined with carbon nanotubes

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 12186-12191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhao ◽  
Shuangming Meng ◽  
Junli Wang ◽  
Yongsheng Qiao ◽  
Zuopeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst
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