Study of Polyvinylpyrrolidone-C60 Complex in Water Solution by Neutron and Light Scattering and Viscosimetry

2000 ◽  
Vol 321-324 ◽  
pp. 1119-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.T. Lebedev ◽  
G.A. Evmenenko ◽  
V.L. Alexeev ◽  
D.N. Orlova ◽  
Gy. Torok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Water Solution

Association of Graft Copolymers of Alkyl Methacrylates with α-Methyl-ω-hydroxy-poly(oxyethylene) ethacrylates

1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1971-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Čestmír Koňák ◽  
Zdeněk Tuzar ◽  
Pavla Kopečková ◽  
Joseph D. Andrade ◽  
Jindřich Kopeček
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Graft Copolymers ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Solution Properties ◽  
Monomer Composition ◽  
Special Procedure ◽  
Methyl Cellosolve ◽  
Hexyl Methacrylate ◽  
Alkyl Methacrylates

Solution properties of the statistical copolymers of alkyl methacrylates (AMA) with α-methyl-ω-hydroxy-poly(oxyethylene) methacrylates (MPOEMA) (nonionic polysoaps) were studied using static and dynamic ligh scattering as a function of monomer composition and concentration in aqueous and methyl cellosolve solutions. The solubility of the copolymers in water was found to be dependent on molar contant of AMA. While copolymers with low content of hexyl methacrylate (HMA) (0 and 20 mole %) were directly soluble in water, forming true solutions with a low content of large swollen aggregates, copolymers with a higher content of HMA or lauryl methacrylate (LMA) were not directly dispersable in water. A special procedure, the stepwise dialysis from methyl cellosolve solutions against water, had to be used to prepare them in the pseudomicellar form. The copolymers were directly soluble in methyl cellosolve and its water solution containing up to 60 vol.% of water. Nevertheless, the light scattering experiments were dominated by light scattering of swollen particles of aggregated copolymer molecules. The copolymers were not soluble in the mixtures containing 70-100 vol.% of water. Paramaters of aggregates in the mixture with 60 vol.% of water and in pure water were found to be very similar.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Analysis of Properties of an Immunogenic Fragment from NS4A Polypeptide of Hepatitis C Virus

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 713-718
Author(s):  
A. N. Belyavtsev ◽  
M. V. Melnikova ◽  
N. G. Shevchenko ◽  
G. V. Sapronov ◽  
R. G. Vahrenev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Antigen Peptide ◽  
Peptide Composition ◽  
Subtype 1B

Abstract— The work is aimed at the synthesis and analysis from NS4A of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigen peptide fragment that contains a conserved B-cell and T-helper epitopes. The 24-mer peptide VIVGRIILSGRPAVIPDREVLYRK-NH2, which contains the main immunogenic site 24–46 of HCV NS4A antigen (corresponding to the 1681–1703 amino acid residues of the HCV polypeptide), subtype 1b, has been prepared via solid-phase synthesis according to the Fmoc-protocol. Particles with diameters of 73 ± 10 nm (30%) and 236 ± 5 nm (70%) have been detected in the water solution of the highly purified peptide (0.5 mg/mL) by dynamic light scattering. The polydispersity index of 0.377 ± 0.012 implies the existence of heterogeneity because of the aggregation of the peptide molecules. The ζ-potential of the peptide aggregates has been determined as 7.0 ± 0.5 mV by means of electrophoretic light scattering. These data confirm the possibility for the development of a nanoscale liposome form of the peptide preparation. Immunoreactivity of the synthesized highly purified peptide has been studied with the use of blood sera of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Antipeptide immunoglobulins G have been detected in 41.7% of serum samples. Thus, this peptide has been shown to reproduce at least one B-epitope, to which antibodies are raised during natural HCV infection. The synthesized 24-mer peptide is a promising candidate for further research and for use as a potential immunogen for the design of a nanoscale therapeutic immunogenic liposomal peptide composition with synthetic lipids as an adjuvant.

Depolarized light scattering in a 2.6-lutidine-water solution near the critical point

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 163-169
Author(s):  
G. I. Zaitseva ◽  
G. I. Kolesnikovb ◽  
S. V. Krivokhizhac ◽  
L. L. Chaikovc
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Depolarized Light Scattering

Study of the Influence of Pulse Infrared Radiation on Optical and Hemolysis Resistant Properties of Erythrocytes

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Pavel Avrorov ◽  
Evgeny Chesnokov ◽  
Galina Tsvetovskaya ◽  
Elena Chikova ◽  
Valeriy Maltsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Integral Intensity ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Terahertz Irradiation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Unsteady Heating

Resistance to hemolysis of erythrocytes in lysing isotonic water solution of ammonium chloride becomes apparent in the dynamics of the change of their optical properties. Optical properties of erythrocytes were registered on light scattering from single cells with a scanning flow cytometer. It was shown experimentally during hemolysis the dynamics of the change of the integral intensity of light scattering of erythrocytes is different for irradiated and non-irradiated human blood. Qualitatively, the effect is similar for the both sources of pulse radiation: at the beginning of hemolysis the mean integral intensity of irradiated erythrocytes is increasing more than that is of non-irradiated ones. Quantitatively, at the same mean power density the interrupted irradiation of CO2 laser caused greater effect than continuous one, but less than pulsed terahertz irradiation, i.e. the effect is greater for shorter pulse. On the base of the obtained results one can suggest that the observed effect on pulse infrared radiation of low mean power caused by unsteady heating of erythrocytes.

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