Low-laser light therapy in venous ulcer healing: a randomized clinical trial

ABSTRACT Objectives: to compare the effect of adjuvant low-laser light therapy versus conventional treatment alone on venous ulcer healing. Methods: this is a randomized clinical trial with 40 patients randomized equally to a control group (topical and compressive treatment) and intervention group (adjuvant low-laser light therapy). Outcomes of interest were Wound Healing: Secondary Intention and Tissue Integrity: Skin & Mucous Membranes, as described in the Classification of Nursing Outcomes/NOC. Results: groups with similar sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Eighty-two ulcers were assessed, with an average duration of 1 to 5 years, in 1,066 nursing consultations, with a statistically significant difference in the time and number of healed ulcers (intervention group). There was a significant improvement in the nursing outcomes under study and in eight clinical indicators. Conclusions: low-laser light therapy improves and reduces tissue regeneration time, contributing to advances in wound treatment.

Coating gold nanorods with silica prevents the generation of reactive oxygen species under laser light irradiation for safe biomedical applications

Gold nanoparticles can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the action of ultrashort pulsed light. While beneficial for photodynamic therapy, this phenomenon is prohibitive for other biomedical applications such as...

Medical Industry Trends That Promote the Use of Optical Medicine Fiber

Optics has, since ancient times, being used as aid for the exam human patients and in some therapeutic treatments. Many of the optic medical instruments in use today were developed in the nineteenth century and, with the advent of optical fibers and laser light sources in the mid twentieth century, a new generation of medical devices, instruments, and techniques have been developed that have helped modernize medicine and perform task unimaginable only a few decades ago. This chapter illustrates through several optical instrument and application examples the uses, benefits, and future prospects that optics brings as an enabling technology to the medicine and the overall healthcare industry.

Polariton Condensate and Landau-Zener-Stückelberg Interferometry Transition in Multilayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides

This paper gives a detailed description of a high-performance polariton condensate for a quantum mechanical two-level system (TLS). We propose a transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) setup and theoretically carry out the spectroscopy of these polariton condensates. Through theoretical and numerical analysis, we obtain many features in two dimensional (2D) multilayer TMDs. We compute the energy of the system and the Landau-Zener-Stückelberg (LZS) quantum tunneling probability under the effect of a sequence of laser light. At certain critical 2D TMDs parameters, the system exhibits a multi-crossing scenario in a privileged position of 2D multilayer TMDs. We predict the consecutive modulations and highlight the conservation of the LZS interference patterns mapped from the 2D TMDs system. At weak coupling regime, a successful conversion of interferometry signals is identified for some values of laser frequency. We explain such a result as a valley sensitive cavity rate model due to coherent exchange and incoherent scattering, meaning that polariton condensate is formed in the valley around the Brillouin zone. The latter is used quantitatively and qualitatively to achieve high-precision measurements beyond that of its elementary constituents. The obtained results confirm that MoSe2 has the highest sensitivity to radiation field as compared to other 2D multilayer TMDs materials. Therefore, MoSe2 stands as an appropriate candidate among other 2D TMDs to form polariton condensates.

CuInSe2-Based Near-Infrared Photodetector

Near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors have interesting roles in optical fiber communications and biomedical applications. Conventional NIR photodetectors have been realized using InGaAs and Ge, of which the cut-off wavelengths exceed 1500 nm. Si-based photodetectors exhibit limited external quantum efficiency at wavelengths longer than 1000 nm. By synthesizing a CuInSe2 compound on a glass substrate, photodetectors that can detect optical wavelengths longer than 1100 nm have been realized in this study. The bandgap energies of the CuInSe2 thin films were tuned by varying the Cu/In ratio from 1.02 to 0.87. The longest cut-off wavelength (1309 nm) was obtained from a CuInSe2 thin film having a Cu/In ratio of 0.87. The responsivity of the photodiode was measured under the illumination of a 1064 nm laser light. The photo responses exhibited linear response up to 2.33 mW optical illumination and a responsivity of 0.60 A/W at −0.4 V.

Dynamics of ultrafast heated radiative plasmas driven by petawatt laser light

A relativistic petawatt laser light can heat heavy metals over keV temperature isochorically and ionize them almost fully. Copious hard X-rays are emitted from the high-Z hot plasma which acts as X-ray sources, while they work as a cooling process of the plasma. The cooling process can affect on the creation of high energy density plasma via the interaction, however, the details are unknown. The X-ray spectrum depends on the plasma temperature, so that it is worthwhile to investigate the radiation cooling effects. We here study the isochoric heating of a solid silver foil irradiated by relativistic laser lights with a help of particle-in-cell simulations including Coulomb collisions, ionizations, and radiation processes. We have conducted a parameter survey varying laser intensity, 1018-20 W/cm2, to check the cooling effects while keeping the incident laser energy constant. The silver plasma heated mainly by the resistive heating dissipates its energy by keV X-ray emissions in a picosecond time scale. The radiation power from the silver foil is found to be comparable to the incident laser power when the laser intensity is less than 1019 W/cm2 under the constant energy situation. The evolution of the plasma energy density inside the target is then suppressed, due to which a highly compressed collisional shock is formed at the target surface and propagates into the plasma. The radiation spectra of the keV silver plasma are also demonstrated.

Fractional order plasma modeling based on linear polarization of LASER light: an Atangana–Baleanu Caputo approach

PurposeThe purpose of this offered research is to articulate a multifaceted kind of highly unstable initial perturbation and further analyze the performance of the plasma particles for time-fractional order evaluation.Design/methodology/approachFor this purpose, the authors designed specific geometry and further interpreted it into the mathematical model using the concepts of the Vlasov Maxwell system. The suggested algorithm is based on the finite-difference and spectral estimation philosophy. The management of time and memory in generic code for computational purposes is also discussed.FindingsThe main purpose is to analyze the fractional behavior of plasma particles and also the capability of the suggested numerical algorithm. Due to initial perturbations, there are a lot of sudden variations that occurred in the formulated system. Graphical behavior shows that SR parameter produces devastation as compared to others. The variation of fractional parameter between the defend domain demonstrates the hidden pictures of plasma particles. The design scheme is efficient, convergent and has the capability to cover the better physics of the problem.Practical implicationsPlasma material is commonly used in different areas of science. Therefore, in this paper, the authors increase the capability of the mathematical plasma model with specific geometry, and further suitable numerical algorithm is suggested with detailed physical analysis of the outcomes. The authors gave a new direction to study the performance of plasma particles under the influence of LASER light.Originality/valueIn the recent era, science has produced a lot of advancements to study and analyze the physical natural process, which exist everywhere in the real word. On behalf of this current developments, it is now insufficient to study the first-order time evaluation of the plasma particles. One needs to be more precise and should move toward the bottomless state of it, that is, macroscopic and microscopic time-evaluation scales, and it is not wrong to say that there exits a huge gap, to study the time evaluation in this discussed manner. The presented study is entirely an advanced and efficient way to investigate the problem into the new directions. The capability of the proposed algorithm and model with fractional concepts can fascinate the reader to extend to the other dimensions.