Study on possibility of the use of <em>Kluyveromyces marxianus</em> DMKU3 (Tropical Yeast) and thermoadapted <em>Acetobacter pasteurianus</em> TH3 in simultaneous vinegar production at higher temperature

Recently we have investigated the phase equilibria and antiphase domain structures of Fe-Al alloys containing from 18 to 50 at.% Al by transmission electron microscopy and Mössbauer techniques. This study has revealed that none of the published phase diagrams are correct, although the one proposed by Rimlinger agrees most closely with our results to be published separately. In this paper observations by transmission electron microscopy relating to the nucleation of disorder in Fe-24% Al will be described. Figure 1 shows the structure after heating this alloy to 776.6°C and quenching. The white areas are B2 micro-domains corresponding to regions of disorder which form at the annealing temperature and re-order during the quench. By examining specimens heated in a temperature gradient of 2°C/cm it is possible to determine the effect of temperature on the disordering reaction very precisely. It was found that disorder begins at existing antiphase domain boundaries but that at a slightly higher temperature (1°C) it also occurs by homogeneous nucleation within the domains. A small (∼ .01°C) further increase in temperature caused these micro-domains to completely fill the specimen.

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Application Of Electron Probe Analyses Of Minerals In Discussing The Relationship Between Ductile Deformation And Metamorphism

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100134855 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 250-251

Author(s):

Fan Guochuan ◽

Sun Zhongshi

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Shear Deformation ◽

Electron Probe ◽

General Rule ◽

Granulite Facies ◽

Ductile Deformation ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

Ductile Shear ◽

The Relationship ◽

Ductile Shear Deformation

Under influence of ductile shear deformation, granulite facies mineral paragenesis underwent metamorphism and changes in chemical composition. The present paper discusses some changes in chemical composition of garnet in hypers thene_absent felsic gnesiss and of hypersthene in rock in early and late granulite facies undergone increasing ductile shear deformation .In garnet fetsic geniss, band structures were formed because of partial melting and resulted in zoning from massive⟶transitional⟶melanocrate zones in increasing deformed sequence. The electron-probe analyses for garnet in these zones are listed in table 1 . The Table shows that Mno, Cao contents in garnet decrease swiftly from slightly to intensely deformed zones.In slightly and moderately deformed zones, Mgo contents keep unchanged and Feo is slightly lower. In intensely deformed zone, Mgo contents increase, indicating a higher temperature. This is in accord with the general rule that Mgo contents in garnet increase with rising temperature.

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Carbon Film Deposition On Silicon Using Low Energy Ion Beams

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-223-307 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 223 ◽

Author(s):

Qin Fuguang ◽

Yao Zhenyu ◽

Ren Zhizhang ◽

S.-T. Lee ◽

I. Bello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Ion Beam ◽

Carbon Film ◽

Carbon Films ◽

Film Deposition ◽

Ion Energy ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Higher Temperature ◽

Post Implantation ◽

Beam Deposition

ABSTRACTDirect ion beam deposition of carbon films on silicon in the ion energy range of 15–500eV and temperature range of 25–800°C has been studied using mass selected C+ ions under ultrahigh vacuum. The films were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy and diffraction analysis. Films deposited at room temperature consist mainly of amorphous carbon. Deposition at a higher temperature, or post-implantation annealing leads to formation of microcrystalline graphite. A deposition temperature above 800°C favors the formation of microcrystalline graphite with a preferred orientation in the (0001) direction. No evidence of diamond formation was observed in these films.

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