scholarly journals Chewing gum as a non-pharmacological alternative for orthodontic pain relief: A randomized clinical trial using an intention-to-treat analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-354
Author(s):  
Diego Junior da Silva Santos ◽  
Jonas Capelli Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Chewing Gum ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Orthodontic Pain ◽  
Treat Analysis

Effectiveness of a conversational chatbot in the smartphone to cease smoking in the adult population: pragmatic, controlled, randomized clinical trial in primary care (Dejal@). (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDUARDO OLANO-ESPINOSA ◽  
Jose Francisco Avila-Tomas ◽  
Cesar Minue-Lorenzo ◽  
Blanca Matilla Pardo ◽  
Encarnación Serrano-Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Usual Clinical Practice ◽  
Treat Analysis

BACKGROUND The magnitude and severity of smoking, the benefits of quitting, and the existence of effective and efficient interventions make it a priority problem. Health professionals intervene less than they should, and the most effective interventions are more expensive, require specific training and more time, which is a disadvantage for the service provider and for the accessibility of the services. Information and communication technologies avoid these problems thanks to their accessibility, privacy, customization possibilities, access to social support, and scalability. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of an evidence-based intervention to cease smoking via a chatbot in the smartphone compared to usual clinical practice in primary care. METHODS Pragmatic randomized clinical trial in 34 primary healthcare centers within the Madrid Health Service (Spain). Smokers over 18 years of age who attended on-site consultation and accepted help to quit tobacco were recruited by their doctor or nurse and randomly allocated to receive usual care (control group, CG) or an evidence-based chatbot intervention (intervention group, IG). The interventions in both arms were based on the 5A´s by the US clinical practice guideline, which combines behavioral and pharmacological treatments and is structured in several follow-up appointments. The primary outcome was continuous abstinence from smoking that was biochemically validated after 6 months by the collaborators. The outcome analysis was blinded to allocation of subjects although participants were unblinded to group assignment. An intention-to-treat analysis, entering the basal observation carried forward in cases of missing data, and logistic regression models with robust estimators were employed for assessing the primary outcomes. RESULTS The trial was conducted between October 1st of 2018 and March 31st of 2019. The sample comprised 513 patients (242 in the IG and 271 in the CG), with an average age of 49.8 years (SD 10.82) and gender ratio of 59.3% women and 40.7% men. Of them, 232 patients (45.2%) completed the follow-up, 104 (42.9%) in the IG and 128 (47.2%) in the CG. Main outcome: In the intention-to-treat analysis, the biochemically-validated abstinence rate at 6 months was higher in the IG with 26.03% (63/242) versus 18.82% (51/271) in the CG (odds ratio (OR)=1.52, 95% CI: 1.00–2.31, P=.05). After adjusting for basal CO-oxymetry and bupropion intake, no substantial changes were observed (OR=1.52, 95% CI 0.99–2.33 P= .053; pseudo R2=0.045). In the IG, 61.16% (148/242) of users accessed the chatbot, average bot-patient interaction time was 121 minutes (CI 95% 121.1–140.0), and average number of contacts was 45.56 (SD 36.32). CONCLUSIONS A treatment including a chatbot for helping in tobacco cessation was more effective than usual clinical practice in primary care. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov, reference number NCT 03445507.

Evaluation of the Effects of Music and Poetry in Oncologic Pain Relief: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 943-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurilene Andrade Lima Bacelar Arruda ◽  
Marília Arrais Garcia ◽  
João Batista Santos Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial

scholarly journals Evaluation of Methods to Minimize Pain in Newborns during Capillary Blood Sampling for Screening: A Randomized Clinical Trial

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 870
Author(s):  
Magdalena Napiórkowska-Orkisz ◽  
Aleksandra Gutysz-Wojnicka ◽  
Mariola Tanajewska ◽  
Iwona Sadowska-Krawczenko
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Pain Outcome ◽  
Capillary Blood Sampling

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the severity of pain experienced by a newborn during a heel puncture for screening using the Newborn Pain Scale (NIPS), measure the heart rate and compare the effectiveness of non-pharmacological methods of pain control. Design: Randomized clinical trial. No experimental factors. The test was performed during routine screening. Surroundings: Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn. Patients/Participants: Pain was assessed in 90 full-term newborns. The newborns were rooming in with their mothers in the hospital. Interventions: Newborns were divided into three groups. Three different methods of pain relief were used: breastfeeding, 20% glucose administered orally and non-nutritional sucking. Main Outcome Measures: The primary pain outcome was measured using the NIPS and the secondary pain outcome measures (heart rate, oxygen saturation) were measured using a pulse oximeter. Results: During capillary blood sampling from the heel, most newborns, n = 56 (62.2%), experienced no pain or mild discomfort, severe pain occurred in n = 23 (25.6%) and moderate pain occurred in n = 11 (12.2%). No significant statistical differences were found between the degree of pain intensity and the intervention used to minimize the pain p = 0.24. Statistically significant relationships were demonstrated between heart rate variability and the degree of pain intensity (p = 0. 01). There were no statistically significant differences between the newborn’s pain intensity and the mother’s opinion on the effectiveness of breastfeeding in minimizing pain. Conclusions: This study did not answer the question of which pain management method used during the heel prick was statistically more effective in reducing pain. However, the results indicate that each of the non-pharmacological interventions (breastfeeding, oral glucose dosing and non-nutritive sucking) applied during heel puncture resulted in effective pain management in most of the newborns enrolled in the study. The relationship between heart rate variability and the severity of pain was confirmed. Mothers of newborns in the breastfeeding group were satisfied with the pain relief methods used in the child and the opportunity to console their newborn during painful procedures in a technologically invasive environment.

scholarly journals The effect of honey on post-tonsillectomy pain relief: a randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azmeilia Syafitri Lubis ◽  
H.R. Yusa Herwanto ◽  
Andrina Y.M. Rambe ◽  
Delfitri Munir ◽  
Harry A. Asroel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial

scholarly journals Randomized clinical trial of postoperative chewing gum versus standard care after colorectal resection

2016 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 962-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Atkinson ◽  
C. M. Penfold ◽  
A. R. Ness ◽  
R. J. Longman ◽  
S. J. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Colorectal Resection ◽  
Chewing Gum

Multicentre randomized clinical trial of the effect of chewing gum after abdominal surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. 820-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. de Leede ◽  
N. J. van Leersum ◽  
H. M. Kroon ◽  
V. van Weel ◽  
J. R. M. van der Sijp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Chewing Gum
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