Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agriculture, food security and nutrition in Africa

Abstract In the US, 28.5% of seniors are obese, with a BMI of 30 plus. The prevalence of obesity for children is also an alarming 17%, making it one of the primary public health burdens. According to the socio-ecological model, a child’s weight status can be influenced by factors related to parenting style, family, and the community. The literature reflects a significant emphasis focusing on children and their parents. However, according to the US Census, 7.5 million grandchildren are living with their grandparents, with about 1/3 of these residing in skipped-generation households. There are essential age-related differences in food preparation and eating behaviors between middle-aged and older grandparents and younger adult parents that may influence their children’s eating behaviors. Grandparents may provide a positive feeding environment, including role-modeling healthy food intake, teaching children about nutrition, and involving them in mealtimes and cooking, monitoring and encouraging children to eat nutritious foods, especially vegetables and regularly serving vegetables. However, grandparents have also reported providing energy-dense and nutrient-poor food and drinks and used food as a reward or gift. The current study aims to investigate the influence of caregiver type (grandparents only, parents only, or multigenerational households) on children’s nutrition, food security, and BMI. One-way ANCOVAs controlling for SES found that grandparent-headed households had children with more deficient diet and higher BMIs, but also less food insecurity. These results indicate that age-related changes in caregiver type are an important predictor of children’s nutritional health. Details and clinical implications will be discussed.

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Impact of policies, strategies and agricultural institutions on food security and poverty status of vegetable farmers along the blue nile banks, Gezira State, Sudan (2017)

Independent Journal of Management & Production ◽

10.14807/ijmp.v12i8.1461 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 2217-2280

Author(s):

Mohamed O. A. Bushara

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Gini Coefficient ◽

Poverty Line ◽

The State ◽

Total Income ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Blue Nile ◽

Poverty Status ◽

Food Security And Nutrition ◽

The Impact

Having clear picture on food security status and its major determinants helps policy makers and planners to introduce new policies that enhance food security. The study was aimed to evaluate the impact of policies, strategies and institution on food security and poverty status of the vegetables farmers in Gezira State with reference to the Blue Nile farmers. To achieve these objectives stratified random sampling technique was used to select the respondents from five localities lays along Blue Nile, so 150 farming households were interviewed. Food security Policy and strategy were collected by the mean of questionnaire targeting key line institutions. Poverty indices were calculated using expenditure as welfare indicator,Gini coefficient was applied. The results showed that the majority 75% of the respondents were above expenditure poverty line (7196)SDG. Moreover, the results showed that the poverty gap index was equal to five percent. Kamlin, Medani, East Gezira reported the higher expenditure distance from the poverty line (6 percent). The severity of poverty in the state is estimated to be two percent, likewise the severity of poverty in East Gezira was found to have a higher percentage (three percent). According to Gini coefficient the income distribution estimated at 0.46 while that for expenditure distribution is estimated at 0.31, these results showed a higher degree of inequality. The results showed that the poorest 20% of the population earned 0.06% of the total income while the richest 20% earned 45% of the total income. About 50.7% from the respondents use borrowing from others as one of their coping strategies. About 78%of policy makers said that there was organized team from all institutions dealing with food security and nutrition issue, all policy makers in the state said there was strategy concerning the food security and nutrition issues. The study recommended that the cash transfer needed to lift the poor out of poverty that each poor person needs five percent of the value of the poverty line.

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Impact of a Contract Farming Scheme on Income, Food Security, and Nutrition among Maize Farmers in North Western, Nigeria

Journal of Nutrition and Food Security ◽

10.18502/jnfs.v6i2.6060 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ibrahim Hussaini Yusuf ◽

Garba Sakinatu Umar ◽

Wahab Munir Jamiu

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Study Data ◽

Average Treatment Effect ◽

Contract Farming ◽

Maize Production ◽

Average Treatment ◽

Total Labor ◽

Food Security And Nutrition ◽

The Impact

Background: The study examined the impact of a contract farming scheme on the farmers’ income, food security, and nutrition. Methods: Simple random sampling was used to select 100 respondents for the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics as well the Propensity Score Matching technique. Results: The major determinants of participation in contract farming included commercialization index, distance from the collection center, and total labor available in the household. The average treatment effect on the treated, the average effect of the treatment, and the average treatment on the untreated shows that contract farming will enhance the income from Maize production by ₦50234.8 ($131.79)/hectare, ₦37170.8 ($97.53)/hectare, and ₦28809.8 ($75.59)/hectare respectively. Conclusion: Contract farming participation can affect farming households negatively if food security concerns are not considered into the contract farming agreements.

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The impact of COVID-19 on diet quality, food security and nutrition in low and middle income countries: A systematic review of the evidence

Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.clnu.2021.08.015 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fiorella Picchioni ◽

Luis F. Goulao ◽

Dominique Roberfroid

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Food Security ◽

Diet Quality ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries ◽

Quality Food ◽

Food Security And Nutrition ◽

The Impact ◽

Low And Middle Income

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Hunger, nutrition, and precipitation: evidence from Ghana and Bangladesh

Population and Environment ◽

10.1007/s11111-019-00323-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 151-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Matthew Cooper ◽

Molly E. Brown ◽

Carlo Azzarri ◽

Ruth Meinzen-Dick

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Child Nutrition ◽

Household Food Security ◽

Security Metrics ◽

Spatial Error ◽

Z Scores ◽

Feed The Future ◽

Food Security And Nutrition ◽

The Impact ◽

Height For Age

AbstractChanging precipitation patterns caused by climate change are expected to have major impacts on food security and nutrition in agrarian areas in developing countries. However, the linkages between the duration and severity of precipitation shocks and their effects on child nutrition and household food security metrics remain underexplored. In this study, we used Feed the Future datasets from Ghana and Bangladesh to examine the impact of precipitation extremes on nutrition, measured by children’s height-for-age and weight-for-height Z-scores, and food security, measured by the Household Hunger Scale. We used a spatial error regression to control for the effects of spatial autocorrelation, and we found an association between precipitation shocks and household hunger in both Ghana and Bangladesh, as well as an association between higher rainfall and worse child nutrition in Ghana.

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Researches Concerning the Impact of Food Consumption, for the Human Health

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Agriculture ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-agr:5076 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Avram FITIU

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Traditional Food ◽

Food Crisis ◽

Security Risks ◽

Food Behaviors ◽

Food Security And Nutrition ◽

The Impact ◽

Food Model ◽

Intense Debate

Intervening after several years flustered by numerous food crisis (ESB, dioxins, listeria) and an intense debate on OGM, it reveals at the same time a crumbling of the traditional food models across the development of the consumption of easy products to be used anywhere (such as pizzas, soda or juice of fruit) and a strong request on behalf of the consumers in information, in control by authorities and in scientific research in the domains of food security and nutrition. The general perception of food risks is accompanied by a feeling of loss of the traditional food landmarks. The mutation of food practices, notably the cohabitation in the population of often different food habits and sometimes compared, contributes to the questionings of each and explains the strong reactivity of the consumers and public opinion in numerous food crises. Particularly, very strong difference of consumption and food behaviors between generations can only provoke doubts among the oldest on the permanence of a traditional and reassuring food model. In the inquiry, the idea most often linked to the general perception of food risks is the feeling of deterioration of the quality of the food products for last ten years. This overview of food risks explains that, beyond punctual food crisis, nutritional risks are more named spontaneously among «major risks linked to feeding». So, in their perception of food risks, the consumers grant a very big place at nutritional risks and particularly at obesity and at diseases of society (cardiovascular diseases, diabetes). Doubts of the consumers in food security (risks of physicochemical or microbiological pollution) appear more as the symptoms of a deep confusion of reports in feeding, on the occasion of which the perception of nutritional and health risks is intimately linked.

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