scholarly journals Aspects of the ecology and the behaviour of the Leopard Panthera pardus in the Kalahari desert

Koedoe ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Du P Bothma ◽  
E. A. N Le Riche
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
National Park ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Dense Vegetation ◽  
Kalahari Desert

Tracking in sand revealed data on hunting and kill rates, range, movements, activity, cover and water use, reproduction and interactions with other carnivores, by the leopard Panthera pardus in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park. For leopards in the interior, 812,5 km of tracks were followed for 54 days, and 205,1 km for 15 days for females with cubs. In the Nossob riverbed 30,2 km of tracks were folowed in eight days. Medium-sized mammals featured prominently in the diet of all leopards, with prey used influenced by habitat type. Leopards in the interior moved greater distances than those in the Nossob riverbed. Leopards rested frequently at the onset and end of activity and used dense vegetation and aardvark Orycteropus afer and porcupine Hystrix africaeaustralis burrows as daytime cover. Leopards are independent of water, and females apparently have no definite breeding season. Lions Panthera leo dominate leopards, but the outcome of leopard/spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta encounters depend on the size of the leopard and the number of hyaenas in the pack. Leopards in the Kalahari Desert are opportunists which occupy this harsh envi- ronment successfully.

scholarly journals Estimating population sizes of lions Panthera leo and spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta in Uganda's savannah parks, using lure count methods

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Okot Omoya ◽  
Tutilo Mudumba ◽  
Stephen T. Buckland ◽  
Paul Mulondo ◽  
Andrew J. Plumptre
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Population Sizes

AbstractDespite > 60 years of conservation in Uganda's national parks the populations of lions and spotted hyaenas in these areas have never been estimated using a census method. Estimates for some sites have been extrapolated to other protected areas and educated guesses have been made but there has been nothing more definitive. We used a lure count analysis method of call-up counts to estimate populations of the lion Panthera leo and spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta in the parks where reasonable numbers of these species exist: Queen Elizabeth Protected Area, Murchison Falls Conservation Area and Kidepo Valley National Park. We estimated a total of 408 lions and 324 hyaenas for these three conservation areas. It is unlikely that other conservation areas in Uganda host > 10 lions or > 40 hyaenas. The Queen Elizabeth Protected Area had the largest populations of lions and hyaenas: 140 and 211, respectively. It is estimated that lion numbers have declined by 30% in this protected area since the late 1990s and there are increasing concerns for the long-term viability of both species in Uganda.

scholarly journals Prey selection and feeding habits of the large carnivores in the Southern Kalahari

Koedoe ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. L Mills
Keyword(s):  
Prey Selection ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Large Carnivores ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Acinonyx Jubatus ◽  
Connochaetes Taurinus

Prey selection and feeding habits of lions Panthera leo, spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta, cheetahs Acinonyx jubatus and leopards Panthera pardus are investigated. Lions kill mainly adult gemsbok Oryx gazella and blue wildebeest Connochaetes taurinus, tending to select older animals of both species and males in the case of gemsbok. Spotted hyaenas also prey mainly on gemsbok and wildebeest, but select for juveniles, particularly from gemsbok. Cheetahs prey heavily on springbok Antidorcas marsupialis lambs and then on adult males and older individuals. Leopards also prey relatively heavily on springbok, but appear to have a wider diet than cheetahs do. It is concluded that predators generally have a small impact on their prey populations in the southern Kalahari, although in the case of springbok they do appear to influence the structure of the population.

scholarly journals Lion (Panthera leo ) and spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta ) abundance in Bouba Ndjida National Park, Cameroon, trends between 2005 and 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-417
Author(s):  
Iris Kirsten ◽  
Elise Bakker ◽  
Laura Lucas Trujillo ◽  
Paul Bour ◽  
Nadia Nhiomog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Panthera Leo

scholarly journals Water use by the Kalahari Lion Panthera Leo Vernayi

Koedoe ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F.C. Eloff
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
National Park ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Way Of Life

The extent to which the Kalahari lion can survive without having to drink water was investigated in the Kalahari Gemsbok National Park. It was found that while they may drink regularly where water is available, they may become completely independent of water under extreme desert conditions. Sufficient moisture for their needs seems to be obtained from the blood and body fluids of their prey and the vegetable components of theirdiet. Loss of water through evaporation is reduced by the lion'sleisurely way of life.

scholarly journals Morphological and Molecular Identification of Spirometra Tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) from Carnivorous Mammals in the Serengeti and Selous Ecosystems of Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-660
Author(s):  
Barakaeli Abdieli Ndosi ◽  
Hansol Park ◽  
Dongmin Lee ◽  
Seongjun Choe ◽  
Yeseul Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Its1 Region ◽  
Stool Samples

<i>Spirometra</i> tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) collected from carnivorous mammals in Tanzania were identified by the DNA sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (<i>cox</i>1) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), and by morphological characteristics. A total of 15 adult worms were collected from stool samples and carcasses of <i>Panthera leo, Panthera pardus</i>, and <i>Crocuta crocuta</i> in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania. Three <i>Spirometra</i> species: <i>S. theileri, S. ranarum</i> and <i>S. erinaceieuropaei</i> were identified based on morphological features. Partial <i>cox</i>1 sequences (400 bp) of 10 specimens were revealed. Eight specimens showed 99.5% similarity with <i>Spirometra theileri</i> (MK955901), 1 specimen showed 99.5% similarity with the Korean <i>S. erinaceieuropaei</i> and 1 specimen had 99.5% similarity with Myanmar <i>S. ranarum</i>. Sequence homology estimates for the ITS1 region of <i>S. theileri</i> were 89.8% with <i>S. erinaceieuropaei</i>, 82.5% with <i>S. decipiens</i>, and 78.3% with <i>S. ranarum</i>; and 94.4% homology was observed between <i>S. decipiens</i> and <i>S. ranarum</i>. Phylogenetic analyses were performed with 4 species of <i>Spirometra</i> and 2 species of <i>Dibothriocephalus</i> (=<i>Diphyllobothrium</i>). By both ML and BI methods, <i>cox</i>1 and ITS1 gave well supported, congruent trees topology of <i>S. erinaceieuropaei</i> and <i>S. theileri</i> with <i>S. decipiens</i> and <i>S. ranarum</i> forming a clade. The <i>Dibothriocephalus</i> species were sisters of each other and collectively forming successive outgroups. Our findings confirmed that 3 <i>Spirometra</i> species (<i>S. theileri, S. ranarum</i>, and <i>S. erinaceieuropaei</i>) are distributed in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania.

Effects of commercial thinning on site occupancy and habitat use by spruce grouse in boreal Quebec

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambroise Lycke ◽  
Louis Imbeau ◽  
Pierre Drapeau
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Large Mammals ◽  
Dense Vegetation ◽  
Commercial Thinning

Partial cuts are increasingly proposed to maintain habitats for species negatively affected by clearcutting, even if their benefits on nonpasserine birds and large mammals are still poorly documented. Our main objective was to evaluate effects of commercial thinning (CT) on spruce grouse ( Falcipennis canadensis L.), a game bird of the boreal forest. Because this species is known to be associated with a dense vegetation cover, we hypothesized that habitat use would be lower in treated sites. In spring 2006, we evaluated site occupancy in 94 forest stands (50 CT and 44 uncut stands) in Quebec by visiting each on three occasions during the breeding season (March–May). Additionally, during the molting period (May–July), we used radiotelemetry to monitor habitat use by 19 males. As compared with uncut stands, results show that a lower proportion of CTs were used in spring (39% versus 60%, after accounting for detection). During the molting period, CTs were also used less than expected according to their availability. The significant reduction of lateral and vertical forest cover in CT may explain these results. We conclude that even if CT is perceived beneficial for wildlife, it does not completely fulfill the needs of species associated with dense understory vegetation, such as spruce grouse.

scholarly journals Notes on wild dog Lycaon pictus and lion Panthera leo population trends during a drought in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G.L. Mills
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Lycaon Pictus ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
High Predation ◽  
Wild Dog

Wild dog Lycaon pictus and lion Panthera leo populations in the Kruger National Park appeared to undergo an increase during a drought period in the early 1990s. Newly established packs, high adult survival and pup productivity contributed to an increase in the wild dog population and evidence for high predation success during the height of the drought is presented. An increase in the lion density between 1989 and 1993 on the northern basalt plains, as well as changes in the structure of the population, seem to be related to changes in prey populations, particularly to a decline in numbers and condition of buffalo Syncerus cafer.

scholarly journals Royal Manas National Park, Bhutan: a hot spot for wild felids

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshering Tempa ◽  
Mark Hebblewhite ◽  
L. Scott Mills ◽  
Tshewang R. Wangchuk ◽  
Nawang Norbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Conservation Priority ◽  
Wild Felids ◽  
Prionailurus Bengalensis ◽  
Eastern Himalayan Region

AbstractThe non-uniformity of the distribution of biodiversity makes allocation of the limited resources available for conservation of biodiversity a difficult task. Approaches such as biodiversity hotspot identification, endemic bird areas, crisis ecoregions, global 200 ecoregions, and the Last of the Wild are used by scientists and international conservation agencies to prioritize conservation efforts. As part of the biodiverse Eastern Himalayan region, Bhutan has been identified as a conservation priority area by all these different approaches, yet data validating these assessments are limited. To examine whether Bhutan is a biodiversity hot spot for a key taxonomic group, we conducted camera trapping in the lower foothills of Bhutan, in Royal Manas National Park, from November 2010 to February 2011. We recorded six species of wild felids of which five are listed on the IUCN Red List: tiger Panthera tigris, golden cat Pardofelis temminckii, marbled cat Pardofelis marmorata, leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis, clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa and common leopard Panthera pardus. Our study area of 74 km2 has c. 16% of felid species, confirming Bhutan as a biodiversity hot spot for this group.

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