scholarly journals Circulating levels of reactive oxygen species in patients with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy and the influence of antioxidant supplementation: 6-month follow-up

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmela Carnevale ◽  
Luigi Zompatori ◽  
EnzoMaria Vingolo ◽  
Daniela Domanico ◽  
Serena Fragiotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Circulating Levels

Vitreous Levels of Reactive Oxygen Species in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy

Ophthalmology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 734-737.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Ting Yeh ◽  
Chung-May Yang ◽  
Jen-Shang Huang ◽  
Chiang-Ting Chien ◽  
Chang-Hao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

Reduced levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptotic status are not correlated with increases in cryotolerance of bovine embryos produced in vitro in the presence of antioxidants

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathália A. S. Rocha-Frigoni ◽  
Beatriz C. S. Leão ◽  
Ériklis Nogueira ◽  
Mônica F. Accorsi ◽  
Gisele Z. Mingoti
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
Intracellular Ros

The effects of intracellular (cysteine and β-mercaptoethanol) and extracellular (catalase) antioxidant supplementation at different times during in vitro production (IVM and/or in vitro culture (IVC)) on bovine embryo development, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, apoptosis and re-expansion rates after a vitrification–thawing process were examined. Blastocyst frequencies were not affected by either antioxidant supplementation (40.5%–56.4%) or the timing of supplementation (41.7%–55.4%) compared with control (48.7%; P > 0.05). Similarly, antioxidants and the moment of supplementation did not affect (P > 0.05) the total number of blastomeres (86.2–90.5 and 84.4–90.5, respectively) compared with control (85.7). However, the percentage of apoptotic cells was reduced (P < 0.05) in groups supplemented during IVM (1.7%), IVC (2.0%) or both (1.8%) compared with control (4.3%). Intracellular ROS levels measured in Day 7 blastocysts were reduced (P < 0.05) in all groups (0.60–0.78), with the exception of the group supplemented with β-mercaptoethanol during IVC (0.88), which did not differ (P > 0.05) from that in the control group (1.00). Re-expansion rates were not affected (P > 0.05) by the treatments (50.0%–93.0%). In conclusion, antioxidant supplementation during IVM and/or IVC reduces intracellular ROS and the rate of apoptosis; however, supplementation does not increase embryonic development and survival after vitrification.

scholarly journals Ghrelin Ameliorates Diabetic Retinal Injury: Potential Therapeutic Avenues for Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jie Bai ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Ruiqi Wang ◽  
Qinghui Yan
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species

Ghrelin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects, and it may be beneficial for the treatment of many ophthalmic diseases, such as cataract, uveitis, and glaucoma. Our previous work proved that ghrelin pretreatment reduced the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells induced by hydrogen peroxide, reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and effectively maintained the transparency of lens tissue. However, no study has yet investigated the effect of ghrelin on retina. In this study, we conducted in vitro and in vivo experiments to explore the effect of ghrelin on high-glucose- (HG-) induced ARPE-19 cell damage and diabetic retinopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. ARPE-19 cells were incubated in a normal or an HG (30 mM glucose) medium with or without ghrelin. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-3-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, and apoptosis was detected by the Hoechst–PI staining assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production levels within cells were measured using 2 ′ ,7 ′ -dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining, and the contents of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde were measured using relevant detection kits. The expression levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and those of NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 were measured using Western blotting. The rat diabetes models were induced using a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (80 mg/kg). The morphological and histopathological changes in the retinal tissues were examined. The results indicated that ghrelin reduced ROS generation, inhibited cell apoptosis and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, inhibited the apoptosis of retinal cells in diabetic rats, and protected the retina against HG-induced dysfunction. In conclusion, ghrelin may play a role in the treatment of ocular diseases involving diabetic retinopathy.

Resistance Training, Antioxidant Status, and Antioxidant Supplementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ismaeel ◽  
Michael Holmes ◽  
Evlampia Papoutsi ◽  
Lynn Panton ◽  
Panagiotis Koutakis
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Systems ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Resistance training is known to promote the generation of reactive oxygen species. Although this can likely upregulate the natural, endogenous antioxidant defense systems, high amounts of reactive oxygen species can cause skeletal muscle damage, fatigue, and impair recovery. To prevent these, antioxidant supplements are commonly consumed along with exercise. Recently, it has been shown that these reactive oxygen species are important for the cellular adaptation process, acting as redox signaling molecules. However, most of the research regarding antioxidant status and antioxidant supplementation with exercise has focused on endurance training. In this review, the authors discuss the evidence for resistance training modulating the antioxidant status. They also highlight the effects of combining antioxidant supplementation with resistance training on training-induced skeletal muscle adaptations.

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