Troponin I as marker of subclinical cardiac injury in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients in Sokoto, Nigeria

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the relationship of lipocalin 2 to inflammation and cardiac injury with increased aldosterone in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods A standardized 6-day low-sodium diet was used to stimulate renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activation, and serum lipocalin 2 and biomarkers of inflammation and cardiac stretch were assessed among persons with or without HIV. Results Lipocalin 2 levels increased with RAAS activation compared with suppression in the HIV group (median level [interquartile range], 71.3 [59.2–99.7] vs 67.0 [51.8–86.3] ng/mL; P = .01). During RAAS activation, lipocalin 2 was related to biomarkers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor α [P = .007]), monocyte/macrophage activation (soluble CD163 [P = .005] and chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 2 [P = .03]), and markers of cardiac stretch (brain natriuretic peptide [P < .001] and N-terminal fragment of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide [P = .001]) in HIV. Conclusion Lipocalin 2 may be important in modulating aldosterone-induced inflammation, monocyte activation, and cardiac stretch during RAAS activation in HIV. Clinical Trial Registration NCT01407237

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Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Severe Peripheral Artery Disease in a 20-Year-Old with Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2018/7803406 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Purva Sharma ◽

Mohamad Kabach ◽

Samineh Sehatbakhsh ◽

Rashida Tharpe ◽

Shaun Isaac ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Troponin I ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Perinatally Acquired ◽

Artery Disease

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection confers an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Patients with perinatally acquired HIV may be at increased risk due to the viral infection itself and exposure to HAART in utero or as part of treatment. A 20-year-old female with transplacentally acquired HIV infection presented with symptoms of transient aphasia, headache, palpitations, and blurry vision. She was admitted for hypertensive emergency with blood pressure 203/100 mmHg. Within a few hours, she complained of typical chest pain, and ECG showed marked ST depression. Troponin I levels escalated from 0.115 to 10.8. She underwent coronary angiogram showing 95% stenosis of the right coronary artery (RCA) and severe peripheral arterial disease including total occlusion of both common iliacs and 95% infrarenal aortic stenosis with collateral circulation. She underwent successful percutaneous intervention with a drug-eluting stent to the mid-RCA. Patients with HIV are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Of these, coronary artery disease is one of the most critical complications of HIV. Perinatally acquired HIV infection can be a high-risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A high degree of suspicion is warranted in such patients, especially if they are noncompliant to their ART.

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