scholarly journals Interactive effects of climatic changes and environmental factors on distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kashan City, Central Iran, from 2007 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Hossein Moradi ◽  
Mousa Dehghani ◽  
Alireza Soffianian
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Central Iran ◽  
Interactive Effects

scholarly journals Identification of climatic and environmental factors associated with incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central Iran using satellite imagery

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Abedin Saghafipour ◽  
Mohammad Javanbakht ◽  
Keyvan Ezimand ◽  
Amir Hamta ◽  
Leyli Zanjirani Farahani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Central Iran ◽  
Factors Associated

The relative and interactive impact of multiple risk factors in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: a combined register-based and clinical twin study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
C. Lemvigh ◽  
R. Brouwer ◽  
R. Hilker ◽  
S. Anhøj ◽  
L. Baandrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Multiple Risk

Abstract Background Research has yielded evidence for genetic and environmental factors influencing the risk of schizophrenia. Numerous environmental factors have been identified; however, the individual effects are small. The additive and interactive effects of multiple risk factors are not well elucidated. Twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia offer a unique opportunity to identify factors that differ between patients and unaffected co-twins, who are perfectly matched for age, sex and genetic background. Methods Register data were combined with clinical data for 216 twins including monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) proband pairs (one or both twins having a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis) and MZ/DZ healthy control (HC) pairs. Logistic regression models were applied to predict (1) illness vulnerability (being a proband v. HC pair) and (2) illness status (being the patient v. unaffected co-twin). Risk factors included: A polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia, birth complications, birth weight, Apgar scores, paternal age, maternal smoking, season of birth, parental socioeconomic status, urbanicity, childhood trauma, estimated premorbid intelligence and cannabis. Results The PRS [odds ratio (OR) 1.6 (1.1–2.3)], childhood trauma [OR 4.5 (2.3–8.8)], and regular cannabis use [OR 8.3 (2.1–32.7)] independently predicted illness vulnerability as did an interaction between childhood trauma and cannabis use [OR 0.17 (0.03–0.9)]. Only regular cannabis use predicted having a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis between patients and unaffected co-twins [OR 3.3 (1.1–10.4)]. Conclusion The findings suggest that several risk factors contribute to increasing schizophrenia spectrum vulnerability. Moreover, cannabis, a potentially completely avoidable environmental risk factor, seems to play a substantial role in schizophrenia pathology.

scholarly journals An investigation of the effects of environmental and ecologic factors on cutaneous leishmaniasis in the old world: a systematic review study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi ◽  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Hamidreza Heidari ◽  
Azadeh Asgarian ◽  
Shahram Arsangjang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Old World ◽  
Review Study

AbstractObjectivesLeishmaniasis is a neglected and widespread parasitic disease that can lead to serious health problems. The current review study aimed to synthesize the relationship between ecologic and environmental factors (e.g., weather conditions, climatology, temperature and topology) and the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in the Old World.ContentA systematic review was conducted based on English, and Persian articles published from 2015 to 2020 in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar. Keywords used to search articles were leishmaniasis, environmental factors, weather condition, soil, temperature, land cover, ecologic* and topogr*. All articles were selected and assessed for eligibility according to the titles or abstracts. The quality screening process of articles was carried out by two independent authors. The selected articles were checked according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Summary and outlookA total of 827 relevant records in 2015–2020 were searched and after evaluating the articles, 23 articles met the eligibility criteria; finally, 14 full-text articles were included in the systematic review. Two different categories of ecologic/environmental factors (weather conditions, temperature, rainfall/precipitation and humidity) and land characteristics (land cover, slope, elevation and altitude, earthquake and cattle sheds) were the most important factors associated with CL incidence.ConclusionsTemperature and rainfall play an important role in the seasonal cycle of CL as many CL cases occurred in arid and semiarid areas in the Old World. Moreover, given the findings of this study regarding the effect of weather conditions on CL, it can be concluded that designing an early warning system is necessary to predict the incidence of CL based on different weather conditions.

Epidemiology of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania tropica through molecular approach in a residential area, Central Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-583
Author(s):  
Arshad Veysi ◽  
Seyed Jafar Adnani Sadati ◽  
Reza Fotouhi Ardakani ◽  
Majid Kababian ◽  
Abedin Saghafipour
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Central Iran ◽  
Leishmania Tropica ◽  
Molecular Approach

scholarly journals A newly emerged cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in central Iran

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. e1198-e1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Nateghi Rostami ◽  
Abedin Saghafipour ◽  
Ehsan Vesali
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Central Iran

Emergence of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania major in a new focus of central Iran

2009 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 1257-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Motovali Emami ◽  
Mahbobeh Yazdi ◽  
Mohamadali Nilforoushzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Central Iran

scholarly journals A spatio-temporal agent-based approach for modeling the spread of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in northeast Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tabasi ◽  
Ali Asghar Alesheikh ◽  
Aioub Sofizadeh ◽  
Bahram Saeidian ◽  
Biswajeet Pradhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Vector Population ◽  
Spatiotemporal Trends ◽  
Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

Abstract Background Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is a neglected tropical disease worldwide, especially the Middle East. Although previous works attempt to model the ZCL spread using various environmental factors, the interactions between vectors (Phlebotomus papatasi), reservoir hosts, humans, and the environment can affect its spread. Considering all of these aspects is not a trivial task. Methods An agent-based model (ABM) is a relatively new approach that provides a framework for analyzing the heterogeneity of the interactions, along with biological and environmental factors in such complex systems. The objective of this research is to design and develop an ABM that uses Geospatial Information System (GIS) capabilities, biological behaviors of vectors and reservoir hosts, and an improved Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) epidemic model to explore the spread of ZCL. Various scenarios were implemented to analyze the future ZCL spreads in different parts of Maraveh Tappeh County, in the northeast region of Golestan Province in northeastern Iran, with alternative socio-ecological conditions. Results The results confirmed that the spread of the disease arises principally in the desert, low altitude areas, and riverside population centers. The outcomes also showed that the restricting movement of humans reduces the severity of the transmission. Moreover, the spread of ZCL has a particular temporal pattern, since the most prevalent cases occurred in the fall. The evaluation test also showed the similarity between the results and the reported spatiotemporal trends. Conclusions This study demonstrates the capability and efficiency of ABM to model and predict the spread of ZCL. The results of the presented approach can be considered as a guide for public health management and controlling the vector population.

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