Plasma cell leukemia mimicking hairy cell leukemia: Extended role of immunophenotyping in correct diagnosis

Monoclonal antibodies defining B-, T-, and myeloid-restricted cell surface antigens were used to characterize the lineage and state of differentiation of tumor cells isolated from 22 patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL). These tumors were shown to be of B lineage because they strongly expressed the B cell-restricted antigens B1 and B4 and lacked T cell- and monocyte-restricted antigens. Moreover, the strong expression of the plasma cell-associated PCA-1 antigen on the majority of hairy cells suggested that these tumors correspond to later stages of B cell ontogeny. Dual fluorescence experiments further confirmed that HCL splenocytes that coexpressed B1 and PCA-1 demonstrated both the morphology and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positivity of hairy cells. The observation that some hairy cells either spontaneously produce immunoglobulin (Ig) or could be induced to proliferate and secrete Ig provides complementary support for the view that HCL is a pre-plasma cell tumor. However, staining of hairy cells with anti-IL2R1 monoclonal antibody, which is directed to the T cell growth factor receptor and/or with the anti-Mo1 reagent, directed to C3bi complement receptor, distinguish these cells from currently identified B cells.

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Current role of interferon in hairy cell leukemia therapy: a timely decision

Hematology Transfusion and Cell Therapy ◽

10.1016/j.htct.2018.04.004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 88-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wellington Fernandes da Silva ◽

Larissa Lane Cardoso Teixeira ◽

Vanderson Rocha ◽

Valeria Buccheri

Keyword(s):

Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽

Hairy Cell ◽

Cell Leukemia ◽

Current Role

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Chance identification of synchronous hairy cell leukemia and plasma cell myeloma in a potential HSC donor

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2014-02-558189 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 123 (24) ◽

pp. 3694-3694 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiangrong Zhao ◽

Irina Maric

Keyword(s):

Plasma Cell ◽

Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽

Plasma Cell Myeloma ◽

Hairy Cell ◽

Cell Leukemia

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Prospective evaluation of internal adenopathy in a cohort of 43 patients with hairy cell leukemia.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.1994.12.2.268 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 268-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

D Hakimian ◽

M S Tallman ◽

D K Hogan ◽

A W Rademaker ◽

E Rose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hairy Cell Leukemia ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Hairy Cell ◽

Cell Leukemia ◽

Free Survival ◽

Median Disease Duration ◽

Before And After

PURPOSE To determine the role of computed tomography (CT) in patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL), we report a series of 43 patients prospectively evaluated for internal adenopathy by CT before and after treatment with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA). PATIENTS AND METHODS CT was performed on 43 consecutive patients with HCL before and 3 months after a single cycle of 2-CdA. Twenty-four patients were previously diagnosed and 19 were newly diagnosed. Adenopathy was considered bulky if the greatest dimension of any confluent mass was between 5 and 10 cm and massive if greater than 10 cm. RESULTS Internal adenopathy was present in six of 43 patients (14%). Three of the six patients had massive abdominal adenopathy and one had bulky abdominal adenopathy. All six patients with adenopathy were previously diagnosed, while none of the 19 newly diagnosed patients had internal adenopathy. In those patients previously diagnosed, the six with adenopathy had a median disease duration of 68 months, while the 18 patients without adenopathy had a median disease duration of 24 months (P = .01). Adenopathy was more common in splenectomized patients. In previously diagnosed patients, adenopathy occurred in five of 10 (50%) splenectomized patients and one of 14 (7%) nonsplenectomized patients (P = .05). However, the 10 splenectomized patients had a median disease duration of 56 months, while the 14 nonsplenectomized patients had a median disease duration of 16 months (P = .004). All six patients had significant reduction in adenopathy 3 months after 2-CdA and were without residual HCL in the bone marrow. CONCLUSION Significant internal adenopathy in patients with HCL is more frequent than previously recognized. Adenopathy is rare at diagnosis and appears to be related to disease duration. As patients treated with 2-CdA have long disease-free survival durations, detection of significant adenopathy by CT scan may be important; however, routine CT scans are not recommended at the time of diagnosis.

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