RELATION OF WEATHER VARIABLES TO INCIDENCE OF ZEARALENONE IN CORN IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. SUTTON ◽  
W. BALIKO ◽  
H.S. FUNNELL
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Epidemic Development ◽  
Mycotoxigenic Fungus

Incidence of zearalenone was estimated according to frequency with which the mycotoxin was detected in corn (Zea mays L.) samples received for mycotoxin analyses at the Veterinary Services Laboratory, in Guelph, Ontario. Sampling periods were 1 Sept. to 31 May in 6 successive yr. Frequency of zearalenone was high in 1975–76, moderate in 1972–73, 1976–77 and 1977–78, and low in 1973–74 and 1974–75. Incidence of zearalenone-positive samples for each 104 ha grain corn was highest in a zone extending from the Bruce Peninsula to the Niagara region. Incidence of zearalenone-positive corn samples correlated strongly with rainfall for August, but only moderately or weakly with rainfall for July, September and October. Rain promoted zearalenone accumulation indirectly by favoring epidemic development in corn of the mycotoxigenic fungus Fusarium graminearum. Correlations between zearalenone frequencies and temperatures were weak. Persistent wetness in corn increased ear rot development and incidence of zearalenone.

CO449 corn inbred line

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-335
Author(s):  
L. M. Reid ◽  
C. Voloaca ◽  
T. Woldemariam ◽  
J. Wu ◽  
X. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Performance Data ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Intermediate Resistance ◽  
Short Season ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Corn Inbred

Reid, L. M., Voloaca, C., Woldemariam, T., Wu, J. and Zhu, X. 2013. CO449 corn inbred line. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 331–335. CO449 is a short-season corn (Zea mays L.) inbred line with excellent combining ability and superior resistance to gibberella ear rot as well as intermediate resistance to several other ear, stalk and leaf diseases. Excellent yields and performance data were achieved with stiff stalk inbreds such as MBS1236 and MBS1130.

CO388 and CO389 corn inbred lines

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Reid ◽  
G. McDiarmid ◽  
A. J. Parker ◽  
T. Woldemariam ◽  
R. I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Corn Inbred

CO388 and CO389 are short-season corn inbred lines with improved resistance to silk infection by Fusarium graminearum. These inbreds are the first to be released from a public breeding program with improved resistance to ear rot; they can be used by maize breeders as a source of resistance. Both inbreds exhibit good combining ability and average to superior lodging resistance in hybrids. Key words: Corn, maize, Zea mays, cultivar description, ear rot, Fusarium

CO430, CO431 and CO432 corn inbred lines

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Reid ◽  
G. McDiarmid ◽  
A. J. Parker ◽  
T. Woldemariam ◽  
R. I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Corn Inbred

CO430, CO431 and CO432 are short-season corn inbred lines with improved resistance to silk infection by Fusarium graminearum. These inbreds exhibit average combining ability, average to superior lodging resistance in hybrids and were rated as having excellent emergence and seedling vigour. Key words: Corn, maize, Zea mays, cultivar description, ear rot, Fusarium

scholarly journals Efectos genéticos en híbridos de maíz tropical (Zea mays L.) III. Acame, mala cobertura y pudrición de mazorca.

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Gaspar Martínez ◽  
Humberto De León-Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Humid Tropic ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids ◽  
Interaction Variance

This study report genetic effects for lodging, uncovered ears and ear rot, of 42 single cross hybrids made with seven lines developed in the humid tropic of México, and six lines developed in the dry tropic, using a North Caroline II mating design. Hybrid variation was mainly due to GCA variance, and scanty to SCA variance for all the three attributes, although for ear rot, SCA variance had a considerable role, too. Partitioning GCA variance, revealed humid tropic lines had highest contribution to lodging and ear covering variance, and dry tropic lines the highest contribution to ear rot variance. In addition, humid tropic lines had higher GCAxEnvironment interaction variance than dry tropic lines. In conclusion, GCA effects, which reveal additive genetic variance, were the main effects for all the three attributes, and that GCA effects were higher in humid tropic lines than those of the dry tropic, maybe due to their mobilization in a more ample and diverse region.

CO452 corn inbred line

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1523-1527
Author(s):  
L. M. Reid ◽  
C. Voloaca ◽  
J. Wu ◽  
T. Woldemariam ◽  
K. Jindal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Intermediate Resistance ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Corn Inbred ◽  
Moderate Resistance

Reid, L. M., Voloaca, C., Wu, J., Woldemariam, T., Jindal, K. and Zhu, X. 2014. CO452 corn inbred line. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 1523–1527. CO452 is a short-season corn (Zea mays L.) stiff stalk inbred line with excellent combining ability as well as moderate resistance to common rust and intermediate resistance to gibberella ear rot, fusarium stalk rot and common smut. Excellent performance data were achieved when CO452 was combined with Lancaster inbreds such as LH162 and Iodent inbreds such as MBS8148.

The prevalence of Fusarium spp. colonizing seed corn stalks in southwestern Ontario, Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Tamburic-Ilincic ◽  
A. W. Schaafsma
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Gibberella Zeae ◽  
Ear Rot ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Seed Corn ◽  
Over Time

Gibberella zeae, Fusarium verticillioides and F. subglutinans are the most important causes of Fusarium stalk rot in corn (Zea mays L.). Gibberella zeae also causes fusarium head blight in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and gibberella ear rot in corn. The objectives of this study were to investigate prevalence of Fusarium species in the stalks of seed corn over time and to investigate the influence of sampling time and internode position on Fusarium spp. and G. zeae, particularly. Fusarium subglutinans and G. zeae were the most frequently recovered species from asymptomatic host tissue and from pink discoloration on stalks, respectively. More G. zeae was isolated from the basal internode of stalks than from the higher ones closer to harvest time. Other species isolated from seed corn stalks over time included F. verticillioides, F. oxysporum, F. sporotrichioides and F. equiseti. A similar spectrum of Fusarium species was identified from corn ears and from winter wheat across southwestern Ontario. Key words: Zea mays L., Fusarium spp.

scholarly journals La marchitez tardía del maíz (Zea mays L.) causada por Cephalosporium maydis en la Península Ibérica, y otros hongos asociados

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Maria Ortiz-Bustos ◽  
Ana B. García-Carneros ◽  
Leire Molinero-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Pythium Oligandrum ◽  
Cephalosporium Maydis ◽  
Impacto Económico ◽  
Península Ibérica

Las especies de hongos de suelo asociadas a Cephalosporium maydis como agente causal de la marchitez tardía del maíz en la Península Ibérica se identificaron muestreando 19 campos con síntomas de marchitez en las principales zonas de cultivo entre 2011 y 2012. En el 47% de los campos no se identificó C. maydis, pero sí Fusarium graminearum, F. verticillioides, F. equiseti, F. proliferatum, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani y Trichoderma harzianum infectando las plantas de maíz. En los campos restantes, junto a C. maydis se identificaron otros hongos de suelo en porcentajes apreciables: F. verticillioides (19%), F. proliferatum (19%), F.equiseti (9%), F. oxysporum (9%) y Pythium oligandrum (9%). El crecimiento vascular de C. maydis y de otras especies fúngicas en plantas de maíz se confirmó analizando plantas con marchitez procedentes de tres campos diferentes. Tanto C. maydis como F. graminearum, F. equiseti, F. proliferatum y T. harzianum se aislaron de la inserción entre la raíz y tallo y a 10 cm de altura en el tallo de las plantas. El efecto de la infección por C. maydis sobre la producción de las plantas de maíz se cuantificó en macetas y condiciones seminaturales en el 2011. En plantas inoculadas se obtuvo una reducción del peso de las mazorcas del 54%, además de pesos de raíz y de parte aérea (tallo y hojas) significativamente menores en comparación con el control no inoculado, lo que sugiere el gran impacto económico que puede tener la marchitez tardía en condiciones naturales. Asimismo este trabajo pone de manifiesto el grado de complejidad de la etiología de la marchitez tardía, que debería ser estudiado mediante la confirmación de la patogenicidad de los hongos de suelo identificados en maíz, con el fin de determinar el papel que puede jugar cada una de estas especies en el desarrollo de la enfermedad y/o severidad de los síntomas.

CORN YIELD RESPONSE TO IRRIGATION, PLANT POPULATION AND NITROGEN IN A COOL, HUMID CLIMATE

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Subsequent Paper ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
High Plant Density

Summer dry spells in some areas of southern Ontario during the last decade have increased interest in supplemental irrigation. Field studies were conducted in a 2500 heat unit area of southern Ontario on Orthic/Brunisolic Grey Brown Luvisol soils to determine the yield response of field corn (Zea mays L.) to irrigation in midsummer when combined with increased plant density and N rates. The yield responses, phenological records and soil moisture measurements are to be used in the calibration and validation of a corn yield estimation model, to be published in a subsequent paper. Two to four irrigations were applied each year using the line method when soil moisture pressure potential reached −40 to −60 kPa at 22.5 cm depth. Development stages were unaffected by irrigation. Yield increases from irrigation were directly proportional to water applied in midsummer and the intensity of dry weather. Yields increased with plant density in 4 of the 5 yr and were usually consistent over irrigation levels. Additional nitrogen above the recommended rate increased yields in 1982 and 1983, decreased yields in 1981, and resulted in no differences the other two years. In years of positive response to extra nitrogen, there was usually a greater response with irrigation and the responses were greatest at high plant density and for the longer season hybrids. Harvest indices decreased as irrigation amount increased and were exceptionally high in 1983.Key words: Corn, Zea mays L., line-source irrigation, plant population, nitrogen, harvest index

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