EFFECTS OF POTATO CROPPING PRACTICES ON WATER RUNOFF AND SOIL EROSION

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. CHOW ◽  
H. CORMIER ◽  
J. L. DAIGLE ◽  
I. GHANEM
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Cropping Practices ◽  
Erosion Index ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Rainfall Erosion

Using runoff-erosion plots (10 m wide × 30 m long), the effects of cropping practices on surface runoff and soil loss were examined on a Hommesville gravelly loam soil to evaluate the applicability of the Universal Soil Loss Equation in New Brunswick. The amount of water runoff and soil loss from continuous fallow, up-and-down slope planting of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), and clover (Trifolium pratense) on 8 and 11% slopes were measured from 1983 to 1985. In addition, runoff and soil loss from contour planting of potatoes were measured on the 11% slope. Slope planting of potatoes resulted in higher runoff and soil loss than on fallow plots. There was considerable reduction in runoff and soil loss when potatoes were planted along the contour. Runoff and soil loss under clover were negligible. Rainfall erosion index (R) and slope length and steepness (LS) correlated well with the measured soil losses. However, both the measured soil credibility factor (K) and the cover and management factor (C) deviated markedly from the current values used for conservation planning. Key words: Universal Soil Loss Equation, rainfall erosion index, topographic factor, soil erodibility factor, cover and management factor, support practice factor

scholarly journals Assessment of Soil Erosion Hazard in Prambanan District Using RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation)

2021 ◽  
Vol 884 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
S. A Mulya ◽  
N. Khotimah
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Erosion Hazard ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Abstract Prambanan District which located in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Province has the potential for land degradation due to erosion processes. With the characteristics of annual rainfall more than 2000 mm / year, topography with a slope of more than 20% in upland areas, as well as the conversion of upland to dryland agriculture are factors that can trigger the erosion process more quickly. If the rate of erosion speed exceeds the ability of the soil to regenerate the soil body, its productivity will be disrupted and accelerate the formation of critical soil. Therefore, it is necessary to know the estimated rate of erosion, tolerable distribution of erosion, and the potential danger of erosion that occurs. The purpose of this study was to (1) predict the rate of erosion, (2) calculate the permissible erosion value, (3) identify the rate & index of erosion hazard. Data were collected using field surveys and soil sampling using stratified random sampling techniques with land units as the unit of analysis. The value of erosion was predicted using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) method. The RUSLE method is described by the following equation, A=R*K*L*S*C*P, where; A as estimated averages annual loss of soil, R is the rainfall erosivity factor, K is the soil erodibility factor, LS is the slope length factor, C is the cover management factor, & P is the conservation practice factor. The results showed that the erosion value ranged from 0.39 - 268.55 tons/ha/year. Permissible erosion ranges from 8.4 – 15 tons/ha/year for Latosol and 27.4 ton/ha/year for Regosol. The Rate of Erosion Hazard is dominated by moderate erosion, covering an area of 1330.7 ha or 31.8% of the total area. The Erosion Hazard Index is dominated by the low class (<1.0) which is covered over 2703.1 ha or 64.61% of the total area.

scholarly journals Estimation of annual soil erosion dynamics (2005 - 2015) in Pakistan using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad Gilani ◽  
Adeel Ahmad ◽  
Isma Younes ◽  
Sawaid Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Rainfall Erosivity ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Conservation Practice ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Abrupt changes in climatic factors, exploitation of natural resources, and land degradation contribute to soil erosion. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of annual soil erosion dynamics in Pakistan for 2005 and 2015 using publically available climatic, topographic, soil type, and land cover geospatial datasets at 1 km spatial resolution. A well-accepted and widely applied Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) was implemented for the annual soil erosion estimations and mapping by incorporating six factors; rainfall erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), slope-length (L), slope-steepness (S), cover management (C) and conservation practice (P). We used a cross tabular or change matrix method to assess the annual soil erosion (ton/ha/year) changes (2005-2015) in terms of areas and spatial distriburtions in four soil erosion classes; i.e. Low (<1), Medium (1–5], High (5-20], and Very high (>20). Major findings of this paper indicated that, at the national scale, an estimated annual soil erosion of 1.79 ± 11.52 ton/ha/year (mean ± standard deviation) was observed in 2005, which increased to 2.47 ±18.14 ton/ha/year in 2015. Among seven administrative units of Pakistan, in Azad Jammu & Kashmir, the average soil erosion doubled from 14.44 ± 35.70 ton/ha/year in 2005 to 28.03 ± 68.24 ton/ha/year in 2015. Spatially explicit and temporal annual analysis of soil erosion provided in this study is essential for various purposes, including the soil conservation and management practices, environmental impact assessment studies, among others.

Digital mapping of RUSLE slope length and steepness factor across New South Wales, Australia

Soil Research ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xihua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and its main derivate, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), are widely used in estimating hillslope erosion. The effects of topography on hillslope erosion are estimated through the product of slope length (L) and slope steepness (S) subfactors, or LS factor, which often contains the highest detail and plays the most influential role in RUSLE. However, current LS maps in New South Wales (NSW) are either incomplete (e.g. point-based) or too coarse (e.g. 250 m), limiting RUSLE-based applications. The aim of this study was to develop automated procedures in a geographic information system (GIS) to estimate and map the LS factor across NSW. The method was based on RUSLE specifications and it incorporated a variable cutoff slope angle, which improves the detection of the beginning and end of each slope length. An overland-flow length algorithm for L subfactor calculation was applied through iterative slope-length cumulation and maximum downhill slope angle. Automated GIS scripts have been developed for LS factor calculation so that the only required input data are digital elevation models (DEMs). Hydrologically corrected DEMs were used for LS factor calculation on a catchment basis, then merged to form a seamless LS-factor digital map for NSW with a spatial resolution ~30 m (or 1 s). The modelled LS values were compared with the reference LS values, and the coefficient of efficiency reached 0.97. The high-resolution digital LS map produced is now being used along with other RUSLE factors in hillslope erosion modelling and land-use planning at local and regional scales across NSW.

scholarly journals Use of the Universal Soil-Loss Equation to determine water erosion with the semi-circular bund water-harvesting technique in the Syrian Steppe

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hamdan Al Mahmoud ◽  
Khouri Al Issam ◽  
Arslan Awadis
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Harvesting Technique ◽  
Rain Season ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

This research was conducted through the rain season 2009 -2010, in Mehasseh Research Center at (Al Qaryatein), The area is characterized by a hot and dry climate in summer and cold in winter with an annual average rainfall of 114 mm. Three slopes (8%, 6%, 4%) were used in semicircular bunds water -harvesting techniques with bunds parallel to the contours lines at flow distance of 18, 12 and 6 m. The bunds were planted with Atriplex Halimus seedlings. Graded metal rulers were planted inside the bunds to determine soil loss and sedimentation associated with the surface runoff, and metallic tanks were placed at the end of the flow paths to determine agricultural soil loss from water runoff. A rain intensity gauge was placed near the experiment site to determine the rainfall intensity that produced runoff. The treatments were done in three replications. The amount of soil erosion (in tons per hectare per year) increased with increasing of the slope, the highest recorded value was 38.66 at slope of 8% and the lowest 0.05 at 4% slope. The amount of soil erosion also increased with increasing of water run distance, which was 38.66 T.ha-1.yr-1 at 18 m and 0.05 T.ha-1.yr-1 at 6 m . Bunds with different diameter of water harvesting reduced soil erosion by about 65% at slope of 8%, 55% at 6%, and 46% at 4%. The input parameters of Universal soil-loss equation were found to be suitable for determining soil erosion in this arid and semi-arid region. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10499 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 1-11

SOIL EROSION LOSSES FROM WINTER RUNOFF IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. P. VAN VLIET ◽  
G. J. WALL
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Winter Runoff ◽  
Loss Prediction ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Soil loss prediction models such as the universal soil loss equation do not usually reflect the influence of snowmelt events on annual soil loss estimates. Plot studies (2% and 6% slopes) conducted over three winters in Southern Ontario to measure runoff and soil loss from spring-plowed corn crops revealed that winter soil erosion losses represented up to 10% of annual soil loss.

scholarly journals An improved method for calculating slope length (λ) and the LS parameters of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation for large watersheds

Geoderma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 308 ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongming Zhang ◽  
Jicheng Wei ◽  
Qinke Yang ◽  
Jantiene E.M. Baartman ◽  
Lingtong Gai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Design and Implementation of Regional LS Factor Computing Tool Based on GIS and Array Operation

2013 ◽  
Vol 394 ◽  
pp. 509-514
Author(s):  
Hong Ming Zhang ◽  
Qin Ke Yang ◽  
Shu Qin Li ◽  
Mei Li Wang ◽  
Ming Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Graphic User Interface ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Gis Software ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

For over 40 years, the universal soil loss equation (USLE) and its revised version the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) have been used all over the world for soil mean annual loss per area unit. Because of the watershed erosion models are under developing, many researchers applied the USLE and RUSLE to estimate soil loss in watershed estimations. However, a major limitation is the difficulty in extracting the LS factor. The geographic information system-based (GIS-based) methods which have been developed for estimating the slope length for USLE and RUSLE model also have limitations. A series of ARC/INFO AML program was created that can calculate LS factor for the USLE, however the program need a very long time to run in wide-ranging areas. The flowpath and cumulative cell length-based method (FCL) overcomes this disadvantage but does not consider the following questions: (1) Some original AML program functions are not achieved, so results are different. (2) Using USLE to calculate LS factor that do not adapt to the erosion environment of China. (3) There isnt a friendly graphic user interface. The purpose of this research was to overcome these limitations and extend the FCL method through Integrating CSLE equation. We developed a LS calculation tool (LS-TOOL) in Microsofts .NET environment using C# with a user-friendly interface. Comparing the LS factor calculated with the FCL method and AML method, LS factor values generated by using LS-TOOL method delivers improved results. The LS-TOOL algorithm can automatically calculate slope length, slope steepness, L factor, S factor, and LS factors, providing the results as ASCII files which can be easily used in some GIS software. This study is an important step forward in conducting fast large-scale erosion evaluation.

scholarly journals A Study Case on Estimation of Soil Loss and Sediment Yield in Curtin University, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-73
Author(s):  
Hui Yee Ngieng ◽  
Leong Kong Yong ◽  
Striprabu Strimari
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Universal Soil Loss Equation ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Runoff Depth ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Because of human activities, soil erosion has been one of the most concerning issues in Malaysia in the past decades. This study aimed to estimate the amount of soil loss and sediment yield at Curtin University, Malaysia by using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE), respectively. The parameters of RUSLE include rainfall erosivity factor (R), soil erodibility factor (K), slope length factor (L), slope steepness factor (S), cover-management factor (C) and support practice factor (P). The rainfall data (10 years) from the Sarawak Meteorological Department was used to determine the R-factor. The K-factor was determined by sieve analysis, hydrometer analysis, the Standard Proctor Test (SPT), and organic content testing. The L-and S-factors were performed by measuring on site and using Google Earth. The C-and P-factors were based on the ground surface cover condition (bare soil in this study). In the MUSLE, the runoff factor comprises V and Qp, while the other parameters are the same as in the RUSLE. The runoff depth, V, is equivalent to the rainfall intensity. Rainfall intensities were recorded by using a rain gauge. The highest rainfall intensity was used for runoff depth. The Rational method has been utilized to calculate Qp. The amount of soil loss estimated was 119.97 tons/ha/year and the sediment yield amount estimated was 0.76 ton/storm event in Curtin University, Malaysia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document