Descriptions of the Characteristic Sequence of an Irrational

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom C. Brown

AbstractLet α be a positive irrational real number. (Without loss of generality assume 0 < α < 1.) The characteristic sequence of α isf(α) =f1f2 ···, where fn = [(n + 1)α] - [nα].We make some observations on the various descriptions of the characteristic sequence of α which have appeared in the literature. We then refine one of these descriptions in order to obtain a very simple derivation of an arithmetic expression for [nα] which appears in A. S. Fraenkel, J. Levitt, and M. Shimshoni [17]. Some concluding remarks give conditions on n which are equivalent to fn = 1.

1990 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
M.G. Hill ◽  
N.E. Peeling ◽  
I.F. Currie ◽  
J.D. Morison ◽  
E.V. Whiting ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-17
Author(s):  
K.K. Abdurasulov ◽  
Drew Horton ◽  
U.X. Mamadaliyev

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
José M. Sigarreta

A topic of current interest in the study of topological indices is to find relations between some index and one or several relevant parameters and/or other indices. In this paper we study two general topological indices Aα and Bα, defined for each graph H=(V(H),E(H)) by Aα(H)=∑ij∈E(H)f(di,dj)α and Bα(H)=∑i∈V(H)h(di)α, where di denotes the degree of the vertex i and α is any real number. Many important topological indices can be obtained from Aα and Bα by choosing appropriate symmetric functions and values of α. This new framework provides new tools that allow to obtain in a unified way inequalities involving many different topological indices. In particular, we obtain new optimal bounds on the variable Zagreb indices, the variable sum-connectivity index, the variable geometric-arithmetic index and the variable inverse sum indeg index. Thus, our approach provides both new tools for the study of topological indices and new bounds for a large class of topological indices. We obtain several optimal bounds of Aα (respectively, Bα) involving Aβ (respectively, Bβ). Moreover, we provide several bounds of the variable geometric-arithmetic index in terms of the variable inverse sum indeg index, and two bounds of the variable inverse sum indeg index in terms of the variable second Zagreb and the variable sum-connectivity indices.


Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Pragati Gautam ◽  
Luis Manuel Sánchez Ruiz ◽  
Swapnil Verma

The purpose of this study is to introduce a new type of extended metric space, i.e., the rectangular quasi-partial b-metric space, which means a relaxation of the symmetry requirement of metric spaces, by including a real number s in the definition of the rectangular metric space defined by Branciari. Here, we obtain a fixed point theorem for interpolative Rus–Reich–Ćirić contraction mappings in the realm of rectangular quasi-partial b-metric spaces. Furthermore, an example is also illustrated to present the applicability of our result.


2021 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Kennerberg ◽  
Stanislav Volkov

AbstractWe study the behaviour of an interacting particle system, related to the Bak–Sneppen model and Jante’s law process defined in Kennerberg and Volkov (Adv Appl Probab 50:414–439, 2018). Let $$N\ge 3$$ N ≥ 3 vertices be placed on a circle, such that each vertex has exactly two neighbours. To each vertex assign a real number, called fitness (we use this term, as it is quite standard for Bak–Sneppen models). Now find the vertex which fitness deviates most from the average of the fitnesses of its two immediate neighbours (in case of a tie, draw uniformly among such vertices), and replace it by a random value drawn independently according to some distribution $$\zeta $$ ζ . We show that in case where $$\zeta $$ ζ is a finitely supported or continuous uniform distribution, all the fitnesses except one converge to the same value.


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