Microbial enzyme systems for biomass conversion: emerging paradigms

Biofuels ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E Himmel ◽  
Qi Xu ◽  
Yonghua Luo ◽  
Shi-You Ding ◽  
Raphael Lamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Microbial Enzyme

Enzyme systems of thermophilic anaerobic bacteria for lignocellulosic biomass conversion

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 572-590
Author(s):  
Nisha Singh ◽  
Anshu S. Mathur ◽  
Ravi P. Gupta ◽  
Colin J. Barrow ◽  
Deepak K. Tuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion

scholarly journals Structural studies of biomass degrading enzyme systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1812-C1812
Author(s):  
Vladimir Lunin ◽  
Markus Alahuhta ◽  
Gregg Beckham ◽  
Roman Brunecky ◽  
Larry Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Cell ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Molecular Machinery ◽  
The Cost

Renewable energy today comprises wind, photovoltaics, geothermal, and biofuels. Biomass is the leading source of renewable, sustainable energy used for the production of liquid transportation fuels. While the focus is shifting today from the ethanol towards next generation or advanced biofuels the real challenge however remains the same: reducing the recalcitrance of biomass to deconstruction, which yields the sugars needed for further processing. NREL's Biosciences Center conducts studies of the fundamental nature of the plant cell wall; as well as those enzyme systems utilized in Nature to deconstruct it. These systems could be classified in two ways: the "free enzymes" and the "cellulosomes." Cellulosomes are self-assembling, multi-enzyme machinery that can include dozens and hundreds of catalytic domains and cellulose binding modules interconnected by linker peptides. We will present a structural overview of the biomass degrading enzymes from fungi using Trichoderma reesei and Penicillum funiculosum as examples. The bacterial cellulosome system discussed will be from a thermophile Clostridium thermocellum and bacterial free enzyme example will be the hyperthermophile, Caldicellulosiruptor bescii. To study these systems, we combined classical biochemistry and molecular biology, mass spectrometry, electron microscopy, high throughput robotics, macromolecular crystallography, and molecular dynamics. We seek to understand the properties and structure of biomass and plant cell walls, the structure-function relationships of the relevant hydrolytic enzymes, and the ways these enzymes interact with and alter the biomass during the degradation. Thorough understanding of the details of the molecular machinery at work has led to the development of improved enzyme cocktails that have reduced the cost of biomass conversion to renewable fuels so that today, this technology is becoming competitive with traditional fossil fuels.

The Role of Microbial Enzyme Systems in Plant Growth Promotion

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekta Khare ◽  
Archana Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Microbial Enzyme

Microbial enzyme systems for lignin degradation and their transcriptional regulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Furukawa ◽  
Fatai Olumide Bello ◽  
Louise Horsfall
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Microbial Enzyme

Enzyme Systems of Anaerobes for Biomass Conversion

2016 ◽  
pp. 113-138
Author(s):  
Riffat Munir ◽  
David B. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion ◽  
Enzyme Systems

The Distribution of Certain Enzyme Systems in the Normal Human Gastrointestinal Tract

1963 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 745-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Dawson ◽  
John Pryse-Davies
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Normal Human

Commercializing biomass conversion

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion

Technologies for Biomass Conversion

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Bucura ◽  
Violeta Niculescu ◽  
Elena David ◽  
Claudia Sisu ◽  
Marius Constantinescum
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Conversion
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