Beneficial Properties of Bromelain

Bromelain is a major sulfhydryl proteolytic enzyme found in pineapple plants, having multiple activities in many areas of medicine. Due to its low toxicity, high efficiency, high availability, and relative simplicity of acquisition, it is the object of inexhaustible interest of scientists. This review summarizes scientific reports concerning the possible application of bromelain in treating cardiovascular diseases, blood coagulation and fibrinolysis disorders, infectious diseases, inflammation-associated diseases, and many types of cancer. However, for the proper application of such multi-action activities of bromelain, further exploration of the mechanism of its action is needed. It is supposed that the anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and anti-coagulatory activity of bromelain may become a complementary therapy for COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 patients. During the irrepressible spread of novel variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, such beneficial properties of this biomolecule might help prevent escalation and the progression of the COVID-19 disease.

Changes to the Collagen Structure using Vibrational Spectroscopy and Chemometrics: A Comparison between Chemical and Sulfide-Free Leather Process

Chemical and physical changes take place when hides and skins are processed to leather that affect the quality and strength of the material. Understanding the structure at each leather-making stage is the basis of this study but also intend to improve the process through a biochemical approach, employing a proteolytic enzyme for processing leather more cleanly with reduced environmental impact. Raman and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in conjunction with chemometrics was used to investigate each leather-making stage from fresh green cattle hide to dry crust leather. The changes in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules with leather processing was measured and reported using three novel Raman ratiometric markers, 920/1476, 1345/1259 and 1605/1476 cm-1, to discriminate the structural changes in collagen of hide using standard chemical and enzymatic method. Amide I band was deconvoluted to investigate thecollagen secondary structures using curve fitting by Gaussians function. The results of Principal Component Analysis are well-corroborated with the ratiometric markers of structural changes.

Experiences of Bromelain-Based Enzymatic Debridement (Nexobrid) in Burn Patients: A Clinical Report

Early debridement (i.e., eschar removal) is regarded as a cornerstone for treating burn wounds. Although surgical debridement is the standard method for complete removal of eschars, it has inefficiencies such as blood loss, heat loss, and poor selectivity, the latter of which means that both viable and necrotic tissue are affected. To make up for the shortcomings, various alternative techniques have been developed. Nexobrid, a mixture of proteolytic enzymes with high bromelain content, has emerged as a viable option in recent years due to its selectivity and efficiency. This product enables dissolving eschar without sacrificing viable or healthy tissue, preserving the potential for spontaneous epithelialization, which accelerates wound healing and leads to better aesthetic outcomes in burn wounds. Herein, we present our experience with proteolytic enzyme debridement using Nexobrid.

Studi Fermentasi Biji Kopi Menggunakan Enzim Proteolitik

Wet fermentation by added proteolytic enzyme can be used for upgrade the taste of coffee. The enzyme was obtained from plant because of ease to get and fulfill the term of Indonesia’s constitution about halal product assurance. This study used two types of proteolytic enzyme; bromelain and zingibain that originated from pineapple and ginger, respectively. Coffee beans were fermented with weight ratio 1:4 and 3:4 (enzyme’s source: coffee beans), and compared with a non-adding control and commercial coffee. Samples were collected after 1, 2 and 3 days. Roasted beans were physical and chemical evaluated according to Indonesia National Standard (SNI-01-3542-2004). Also, the sensorial evaluation of the roasted coffee beans was determined by organoleptic test. Physical and chemical evaluation consist of water content, ash content, coffee extract, ash alkalinity and caffeine content. Sensorial evaluation includes color, aroma and flavor.

MANAGEMENT OF POST-SURGICAL INFLAMMATION WITH PROTEOLYTIC ENZYME-BIOFLAVONOID COMBINATION

Surgical care is an integral component of health systems, and so is the appropriate management of the surgical wound. Excessive inammation and edema, in the post-surgical period, can result in delayed wound healing, infective complications and increased length of hospital stay, among other complications. Systemic enzyme therapy (SET) with trypsin and bromelain, in combination with the bioavonoid rutoside, has been extensively investigated as alternatives to conventional therapies for pain and swelling associated with many inammatory conditions. The multi-pronged pharmacodynamic action of these ingredients on different inammatory processes has been highlighted in this review. Additionally, clinical studies demonstrating the benecial effects of SET in multiple surgical settings, including general surgical, dental, orthopaedic, cosmetic surgeries, are also discussed

A Comparative Study of Diclofenac with Paracetamol versus Diclofenac with Serratiopeptidase in Pain Associated with Soft Tissue Injury

The point of the executives is to ease the pain rapidly and improve practical capacity. NSAIDs are the primary line treatment. Serratiopeptidase is the proteolytic enzyme. The challenge lies in deciding whether only NSAIDs or NSAIDs with proteolytic enzyme will give more prominent indicative help, while additionally being savvy. the primary goal is to think about the adequacy of diclofenac with paracetamol and diclofenac with serratiopeptidase in the administration of delicate tisssue injury. This prospective, open label, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Patients over 18 years of age and presenting with soft tissue injury pain (elbow pain, knee pain, general pain, back pain ) of less than 6 weeks duration were enrolled in the study. Forty patients with soft tissue injury pain were randomized into two groups: Group A got diclofenac with paracetamol (50mg/325mg) double a day and Group B got diclofenac with serratiopeptidase (50mg/10mg) double a day for 1 week. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) determined the clinically significant results. The decrease in pain intensity in Group B was (MEAN= 3.76), while in Group A it was (MEAN= 3.93). The average cost-effectiveness ratio indicated that diclofenac wit paracetamol was the dominant treatment over diclofenac with serratiopeptidase. Therefore, diclofenacc with paracetamol was found to be the cost-effective option for soft tissue injury pain relief in for 1 week. Both diclofenac wit paracetamol and diclofenac with serratiopeptidase. were clinically effective in reducing the pain intensity and in improving functional ability. H owever, diclofenac wit paracetamol was found to be the cost-effective intervention. Keywords: Paracetamol, diclofenac, Serratiopeptidase, soft tissue injury, pain.

A mini review on Calotropis procera and tapping its phytochemical and pharmacological potential

Calotropis procera is considered as a medicinal plant belonging to the Asclepiadaceae family, surrounded throughout India and in other tropical areas. The common names of C. procera are Arka, Akanal, Madar, and Akanda. Based on the morphological characteristics, the leaves of C. procera is characterized as ovate, obovate, ovate-oblong or elliptical. The medicinal value or pharmacological properties of this plant are associated with its latex. C. procera leaves is said to be important antidote against snake bite, burning, rheumatism, mumps and bacterial infections. The phytochemical composition of leaf powder composed of cardenolides, steroids, tannins, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins. Phytochemical screening of bark also showed the presence of several secondary metabolites. Latex mainly contains calotropaine (cardiotoxic), a proteolytic enzyme and also contains a small percentage of nontoxic proteolytic enzyme, calotropin. The plant has several ecological importance including natural phytoremediation, improvement in soil quality. Mainly, C. procera has great importance throughout world for its great value