Nano-Filtration and Ultra-Filtration Ceramic Membranes for Food Processing: A Mini Review

The textile dyeing industry is one of the hazardous polluting industries which uses water as the major source for their production and substantially the generation of wastewater leads to be a huge burden in treatment. The existing treatment methods adopted in most of the dyeing industries are said to be very old and its efficiency of removal is very less and at the same time it does not meet the standards for trade effluent discharge as prescribed by the regulatory boards. The study carried out on the application of Activated Carbon Filter (ACF) outlet in three stages of Reverse Osmosis results in reduction of 52% and the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is reduced to 226 ppm under the operation time of 10 hours. Significance reduction in pH, BOD, COD, TSS and Sulphates. The results say that the new technology of applying Nano-filtration and ultra-filtration will increase the efficiency of treatment. The effluent characteristics with the help this technology satisfy the standards.

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Effect of the ζ-potential on the micro/ultra-filtration of yeast suspensions using ceramic membranes

Separation and Purification Technology ◽

10.1016/j.seppur.2005.09.008 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 149-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

P. Narong ◽

A.E. James

Keyword(s):

Ceramic Membranes ◽

Ζ Potential ◽

Ultra Filtration

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Separation techniques for distillery stillage treatment

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/3323-cjfs ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (No. 6) ◽

pp. 261-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

K. Lapišová ◽

R. Vlček ◽

J. Klozová ◽

M. Rychtera ◽

K. Melzoch

Keyword(s):

Treatment Process ◽

Pore Diameter ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Ceramic Membranes ◽

Energy Costs ◽

Wastewater Treatment Process ◽

Filtration Membranes ◽

Discharge Water ◽

Ultra Filtration

The separation of stillage was tested by means of the pilot plantARNO600-BIO using three-channel ceramic membranes with the pore diameter range from microfiltration to ultrafiltration (1.4 µm–5 kDa). The permeate from the last membrane step was able to be recycled as technological water. The best results were achieved in the arrangement of series using 0.2 µm membrane as the first step supplemented by ultra-filtration membranes (50 kDa and 15 kDa), predominantly, where the reduction of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) extended 80%. With this process, we try to get some advantages over the conventional process in terms of eliminating both land and energy costs for the wastewater treatment process and improving the quality of the discharge water. The main goal in this study is to analyse different separation steps and conditions to find both the best separation options for the decrease of the final volume of distillery stillage, and the way how to make the bio ethanol production more profitable.  

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Spinning Effluents Treatment from Dry-Spun Acrylic Fiber Producing by Integrated Membrane Filtration

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.789 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 476-478 ◽

pp. 789-792

Author(s):

Guang Xu Yan ◽

Qian Zhang ◽

Hui Li ◽

Yu Li

Keyword(s):

Organic Pollutants ◽

Membrane Filtration ◽

Cod Removal ◽

Dimethyl Formamide ◽

Removal Rates ◽

Acrylic Fiber ◽

Ultra Filtration ◽

Nano Filtration

Spinning effluents (SE) from dry-spun acrylic fiber producing are hard to biodegrade for dimethyl formamide (DMF) and nitriles contained. Integrated membrane filtrations including micro-filtration (MF), ultra-filtration (UF) and nano-filtration (NF) were adopted to separate the pollutants in SE. Experiment showed that MF has weak capacity for the removal of organic pollutants, while NF and UF contributed to 49.49% and 31.51% to the initial COD removal rates of SE.

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An Investigation for the Usability of K-K Equations for Nano Porous Membranes

ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer, Volume 2 ◽

10.1115/mnhmt2009-18088 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Junfeng Lu ◽

Yang Chu ◽

Wen-Qiang Lu

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Molecular Dynamics ◽

Porous Membranes ◽

Permeable Membrane ◽

Filtration Membrane ◽

Fluid Behavior ◽

Ultra Filtration ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽

Nano Filtration ◽

Cfd Method

As physical model used to interpret the fluid behavior when it passes through a semi-permeable membrane, Kedem-Ketchalsky’s (K-K) equations [1, 2] were successfully used in a bunch of filtration processes. However, because they were developed and dedicated to normal ultra- and micro-filtration systems, their limitations were obviously observed in some sort of nano-filtration processes that the pore size of the filtration membrane is only several nanometers. This paper analyzed the feasible utilization scopes of K-K equations. And two methods, Molecular Dynamics (MD) method and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method, used respectively to analyze nano- and ultra-filtration processes are introduced in this paper.

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