This research studied the seepage diseases (water discharge and salt
precipitation) in Maijishan Grottoes from the perspective of
hydrogeology. Maijishan Grottoes is one of the extent large group of
grottoes in China, where its cliff, on mount Maiji, the carrier of the
grottoes, has been reinforced by concrete cover in a large area. As a
case study, the physical and chemical processes of the seepage are
deduced through the relationships between the flow rate of discharge
water (DW) and precipitation, and through the water chemistry diversity
including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and Ionic composition
between DW and rainwater (RW) and a controlled spring water (SW).
Constructive results are obtained. Firstly, a perched aquifer is
confirmed in the mount. All the RW will gather at the aquifer, and then
discharge through 3 independent routes that connect the aquifer and
grotto site. 3 kinds of water discharge response to precipitation are
defined to correspond to the 3 routs: Immediate Response (I.Resp), Delay
Response (D.Resp), and Stealth Response (S.Resp), these responses make
up the majority of the DW. On the other hand, 2-staged chemical
evolution is also been confirmed during the seepage, where stage I took
place in the aquifer and stage II took place at shallow, the concrete
only participate in the chemical evolution at stage II, resulted in high
pH [7.77, 11.69] and EC [513, 3540] (µS/cm) in DW compared to
the SW and RW.