scholarly journals The Effect of Planting Time on Phytophthora Blight Disease Incidence and Severity on Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) in Nsukka, Derived Savanna, Agro Ecology, South Eastern Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patience Ukamaka Ishieze ◽  
Ugwuoke Kelvin I
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Phytophthora Blight ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Derived Savanna ◽  
Blight Disease

scholarly journals Prevalence and Severity of Leaf Blight Disease of Chrysanthemum in Southern regions of Karnataka and in-vitro Fungicidal Effect on Alternaria alternata

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Shamala ◽  
G. R. Janardhana
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Karnataka State ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Blight Disease

Chrysanthemum is one of the commercially important flower crop with great potential both as loose and cut flowers in Karnataka state. In the present study, prevalence and incidence of leaf blight disease was studied in six major growing districts of South Karnataka during 2012 - 2013. The pathogen associated with leaf blight disease was isolated and identified as Alternaria alternata. The study revealed that, the disease was distributed in Southern districts of Karnataka wherever Chrysanthemum is grown. The varieties Chandini and Karnel were more susceptible to blight showing highest disease incidence (100%) and severity (100%) recorded from Mandya and Mysore regions. The lowest disease incidence, severity and PDI of 18.40%, 38.68% and 24.89% were recorded on Rajawhite variety in Bangalore region. During 2013, the highest disease incidence, severity and PDI with 100%, 98.47%, and 45.71% were recorded in Mysore district on Chandini variety. In vitro evaluation of four fungicides on Alternaria alternata revealed that Carbendazim+Mancozeb was most effective with 95.65% inhibition followed by Carbendazim, Mancozeb and Metalaxyl+Mancozeb with 68.26%, 91.30% and 91.30% inhibition of the mycelium at 2.0% concentration.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i3.12465   International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (3): 2015; 38-45

Efficacy of fungicides in controlling late blight of potato

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
MM Anwar ◽  
A Parveen ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
NU Mahamud ◽  
RK Roy
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Commercial Potato ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Late Blight Of Potato

Potato cultivars grown in Bangladesh have low levels of general resistance to late blight. As such, most commercial potato farmers rely on fungicide applications for control of Phytophthora infestans, the causal agent of late blight. Management of late blight of potato requires an integrated approach that includes rotation with non-hosts, resistant cultivars, cultural practices, and fungicides. The study on efficacy of some new fungicides against late blight disease of potato was conducted at ARS, Alamnagar Rangpur during rabi season 2010-2011 to select suitable fungicides against late blight of potato. Thirteen different fungicides were tested and all the tested fungicides showed significantly better performance over control. Considering percentage disease incidence T4,T6 and T12 showed better performance than all other treatment. In case of T4,T6 and T12 treatment disease reduction was more than 80 % over control. Significantly the highest tuber yield 25.5 t ha-1was obtained from T3  which was statistically similar to the yield of T2,T5 , T6, T9, T10, T11and T12  treatment whereas the lowest tuber  yield 14.5 t ha-1 was obtained from control treatment. Field experiment was conducted from 2010 to 2011 to investigate the comparative efficacy of the fungicides. In the field, applications of fungicide that preceded the largest incremental increase in disease incidence provided the best control of disease or increased yield.Progressive Agriculture 26 (2): 103-108, 2015

scholarly journals Suppression of Phytophthora Blight in Bell Pepper by a No-Till Wheat Cover Crop

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean B. Ristaino ◽  
Gregory Parra ◽  
C. Lee Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Phytophthora Blight ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
No Till

Four mechanisms of dispersal of propagules of Phytophthora capsici were investigated through modifications in cultural practices and fungicide applications in field plots of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum). Dispersal of soil inoculum was suppressed, and final incidence of disease was 2.5 to 43% when stubble from a fall-sown, no-till, wheat cover crop was present. Final disease incidence was 71 to 72% and pathogen spread occurred within and across rows when all dispersal mechanisms were operative in plots of pepper planted into bare soil. Final disease incidence was 42 to 78% with black plastic mulch when a sporulating pepper fruit placed on the surface served as the source of initial inoculum. The fungicide metalaxyl applied in the irrigation system did not suppress within-row spread of surface inoculum from a sporulating fruit on plastic, but did limit across-row spread; final disease incidence in metalaxyl-treated plots was 11.5 to 14%. Pathogen dispersal mechanisms were modified most dramatically by the no-till cropping system. Thus, simple changes in cultural practices can have dramatic effects on the development of Phytophthora epidemics. Ecologically based disease management strategies have the potential to reduce our reliance on agrichemicals in this and similar pathosystems.

Light-induced alteration of leaf sterol content and late blight disease development in tomato

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2724-2728 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bradford ◽  
L. D. Moore ◽  
D. M. Orcutt
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Total Sterol ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Light Intensities ◽  
Intensity Changes ◽  
Late Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

‘Nova’ and 'Beefsteak,' cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), were grown in chambers under light intensities of 240 or 120 μE∙m−2∙s−1. Thirty-five days after seeding, half of the tomato plants were harvested for sterol analysis and the others were inoculated with a tomato race O isolate of Phytophthora infestons (Mont.) de By. Late blight symptoms were assessed 10 days after inoculation from the number of leaves showing disease (disease incidence) and the amount of blighted area of each leaf (percent colonization). Disease incidence and percent colonization were not influenced by light intensity with 'Nova' plants, but 'Beefsteak' plants grown under low light were significantly [Formula: see text] more diseased than those exposed to the higher light intensity. Changes in free sterol, steryl ester, and total sterol concentrations between plants grown under different light intensities were similar for both cultivars. A significant decrease in the steryl glycoside concentration of low light grown 'Beefsteak' plants correlated with increased disease incidence. The possible role of steryl glycosides and their derivatives in late blight disease development is discussed.

scholarly journals Incidence of leaf blight disease of Egusi melon in South-west Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-265
Author(s):  
J.F. Ogunsola ◽  
B. Ikotun ◽  
K.E. Ogunsola
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Colletotrichum Truncatum ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Lasiodiplodia Theobromae ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Blight Disease

Egusi melon (Citrullus lanatus (Thumb) Mansf.) is an important vegetable crop grown for edible seeds and oil in West Africa. Leaf Blight Disease (LBD) is one of the major constraints to its production, with potential to cause economic damage. The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and distribution of leaf blight on Egusi melon in Southwestern Nigeria. A survey of LBD of Egusi melon was conducted in 2015 and 2016, in five southwestern States of Nigeria (Ogun, Oyo, Osun, Ekiti and Ondo States). Twenty plants each, were randomly sampled from 150 farms comprising 30 farms each, from each State. The distribution of different Egusi melon varieties planted was recorded. “Bara” cv. was the most cultivated variety (51.6%); followed by “Bojuri” (30.4%) and “Serewe” (18%). Leaf blight was observed in most farms in the five States, from 73% in Osun and Oyo states to 83% in Ondo State. Disease incidence and severity varied with locations and cultivars, and ranged from 0.0-87.5±18% and 1.0±0-4.5±0.8 in Osun State to 20.0±19 - 95.0±4.5% and 2.3±1.5 - 5.0±0 in Ondo State. Out of the twelve fungal pathogens from ten genera isolated from infected plants, only Colletotrichum truncatum, C. gloeosporioides and Lasiodiplodia theobromae caused Leaf blight on Egusi melon. Key words: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum truncatum, Lasiodiplodia theobromae

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