Powassan Virus Experimental Infections in Three Wild Mammal Species

ABSTRACT Dioctophymosis is the disease caused by Dioctophyma renale, a large nematode, popularly known as giant kidney worm, and whose definitive hosts are the domestic dog and many wild mammal species. There are some reports of maned wolf parasitism by D. renale, however, in most cases the reports are restricted to the finding of the parasite during necropsy, without clinical assessment. The present report aimed to describe the clinical-therapeutic, ultrasonographic and pathological aspects of D. renale parasitism in a free-ranging maned wolf, emphasizing the treatment with an association of doramectin, praziquantel, pyrantel pamoate, and febantel that resulted in complete elimination of the parasite.

Download Full-text

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STAND TYPES AND HABITAT SELECTIONS FOR BIG WILD MAMMAL SPECIES

Applied Ecology and Environmental Research ◽

10.15666/aeer/1704_91719184 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

Author(s):

N K ÖZKAZANÇ

Keyword(s):

Wild Mammal ◽

Mammal Species

Download Full-text

Automated detection of European wild mammal species in camera trap images with an existing and pre-trained computer vision model

European Journal of Wildlife Research ◽

10.1007/s10344-020-01404-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Christin Carl ◽

Fiona Schönfeld ◽

Ingolf Profft ◽

Alisa Klamm ◽

Dirk Landgraf

Keyword(s):

Computer Vision ◽

Camera Trap ◽

Automated Detection ◽

Wild Mammal ◽

Mammal Species

Download Full-text

A review of bovine tuberculosis at the wildlife–livestock–human interface in sub-Saharan Africa

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268813000708 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 141 (7) ◽

pp. 1342-1356 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

M. De GARINE-WICHATITSKY ◽

A. CARON ◽

R. KOCK ◽

R. TSCHOPP ◽

M. MUNYEME ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bovine Tuberculosis ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

Wild Mammal ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Human Interface ◽

Research Themes ◽

African Context ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

And Control

SUMMARYInfection of wild animals by bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is raising concern worldwide. This article reviews the current epidemiological situation, risk of emergence and control options at the wildlife–livestock–human interface in sub-Saharan Africa. In livestock, bTB has been confirmed in the majority of countries from all parts of the continent. Wildlife infection is confirmed in seven countries from southern and eastern Africa, apparently spreading in the southern Africa region. Mycobacterium bovis has been isolated from 17 wild mammal species, although only four are suspected to play a role as maintenance host. Zoonotic risks are a concern, but no direct spillover from wildlife to humans has been documented, and no case of bTB spillback from wildlife to livestock has been confirmed. In this paper we assess the main risk factors of bTB spillover at the wildlife–livestock–human interface and suggest several research themes which could improve the control of the disease in the African context.

Download Full-text

Understanding transmissibility patterns of Chagas disease through complex vector–host networks

Parasitology ◽

10.1017/s0031182016002468 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 144 (6) ◽

pp. 760-772 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

LAURA RENGIFO-CORREA ◽

CHRISTOPHER R. STEPHENS ◽

JUAN J. MORRONE ◽

JUAN LUIS TÉLLEZ-RENDÓN ◽

CONSTANTINO GONZÁLEZ-SALAZAR

Keyword(s):

Chagas Disease ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Complex Vector ◽

Wild Mammal ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Triatomine Species ◽

Inference Network ◽

Vector Borne

SUMMARYChagas disease is one of the most important vector-borne zoonotic diseases in Latin America. Control strategies could be improved if transmissibility patterns of its aetiologic agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, were better understood. To understand transmissibility patterns of Chagas disease in Mexico, we inferred potential vectors and hosts of T. cruzi from geographic distributions of nine species of Triatominae and 396 wild mammal species, respectively. The most probable vectors and hosts of T. cruzi were represented in a Complex Inference Network, from which we formulated a predictive model and several associated hypotheses about the ecological epidemiology of Chagas disease. We compiled a list of confirmed mammal hosts to test our hypotheses. Our tests allowed us to predict the most important potential hosts of T. cruzi and to validate the model showing that the confirmed hosts were those predicted to be the most important hosts. We were also able to predict differences in the transmissibility of T. cruzi among triatomine species from spatial data. We hope our findings help drive efforts for future experimental studies.

Download Full-text

Wild mammal dung abundance in Lake Mburo National Park is lower than in adjacent ranchlands

Nature Conservation ◽

10.3897/natureconservation.37.35814 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 123-131

Author(s):

Antonia Nyamukuru

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

National Park ◽

Future Research ◽

Common Belief ◽

Land Uses ◽

Wild Mammal ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Wild Mammals ◽

Relative Index ◽

The Common

The establishment of livestock ranchlands adjacent to protected areas in savanna ecosystems is believed to threaten wild animals. Intensive competition for vegetative resources, water and poaching are considered to be immediate factors that reduce the capacity of protected areas to sustain wild mammals. The coexistence of wild mammals and ranchlands is common in Southern Africa but has rarely been suggested as a viable conservation option in East Africa. To assess the importance of ranchlands in conserving wild mammals, 36 plots of 20 × 20 m dimension were positioned along a 7240 m stretch from the boundary in Lake Mburo National Park (LMNP) and 36 plots of similar dimension were set within the ranchlands adjacent to the Park. The dung counts of different species recorded in the plots were used as a relative index of mammal abundance in the ranchlands and in LMNP. The results reveal 18 wild mammal species recorded in both sampled areas, 12 within LMNP and 17 in the adjacent ranchlands. The topi Damaliscus lunatus was only found in the park. Total dung count estimated in both ranchlands and LMNP was 2,586 with LMNP accounting for 29% and ranchlands 71%. In terms of wild mammal dung, ranchlands had a higher wild mammal dung count than LMNP (30% higher). The study points to the compatibility of the two land uses in conserving wild mammals and biodiversity in general, negating the common belief of competition and exclusion. Future research is needed on the compatibility of ranchlands with protected areas on biodiversity status of other species.

Download Full-text