scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF CONSTRAINTS IN RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY IN MULTIPLE CROPPING SYSTEM BY SMALL-HOLDER FARMERS IN EBONYI STATE OF NIGERIA

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MU Awoke ◽  
EC Okorji
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Small Holder Farmers ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Small Holder

Resource use efficiency in a cotton-wheat double-cropping system in the Yellow River Valley of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-439
Author(s):  
Guoping Wang ◽  
Yabing Li ◽  
Yingchun Han ◽  
Zhanbiao Wang ◽  
Beifang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
River Valley ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Yellow River Valley ◽  
Double Cropping ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractThe cotton-wheat double-cropping system is widely used in the Yellow River Valley of China, but whether and how different planting patterns within cotton-wheat double-cropping systems impact heat and light use efficiency have not been well documented. A field experiment investigated the effects of the cropping system on crop productivity and the capture and use efficiency of heat and light in two fields differing in soil fertility. Three planting patterns, namely cotton intercropped with wheat (CIW), cotton directly seeded after wheat (CDW), and cotton transplanted after wheat (CTW), as well as one cotton monoculture (CM) system were used. Cotton-wheat double cropping significantly increased crop productivity and land equivalent ratios relative to the CM system in both fields. As a result of increased growing degree days (GDD), intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR), and photothermal product (PTP), the capture of light and heat in the double-cropping systems was compared with that in the CM system in both fields. With improved resource capture, the double-cropping systems exhibited a higher light and heat use efficiency according to thermal product efficiency, solar energy use efficiency (Eu), radiation use efficiency (RUE), and PTP use efficiency (PTPU). The cotton lint yield and biomass were not significantly correlated with RUE across cropping patterns, indicating that RUE does not limit cotton production. Among the double-cropping treatments, CDW had the lowest GDD, IPAR, and PTP values but the highest heat and light resource use efficiency and highest overall resource use efficiency. This good performance was even more obvious in the high-fertility field. Therefore, we encourage the expanded use of CDW in the Yellow River Valley, especially in fields with high fertility, given the high productivity and resource use efficiency of this system. Moreover, the use of agronomic practices involving a reasonably close planting density, optimized irrigation and nutrient supply, and the application of new short-season varieties of cotton or wheat can potentially enhance CDW crop yields and productivity.

Crop diversification of predominant Pearl millet based cropping system for higher productivity, resource-use efficiency and profitability in Semi-Arid Rajasthan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sammauria ◽  
O.P. Meena ◽  
M.R. Yadav ◽  
A.K. Gupta ◽  
H.L. Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Cluster Bean ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

Continuous adoption of Pearl millet-Wheat cropping system led to reduction in productivity which put a serious threat to its sustainability in semi-arid eastern plain zone of Rajasthan, India. Crop diversification with wider choice with a variety of crops is being promoted as an alternative to profit maximization with enhanced soil fertility status. Therefore, a long term experiment was initiated to evaluate the production potential, sustainability, resource-use efficiency and economics of nine Pearl millet based cropping systems. Result revealed that system productivity in terms of pearl millet equivalent yield (PMEY) was highest (30488 kg ha-1) with groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion crop rotation. Moreover, groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion recorded the highest SYI and land use efficiency (0.65 and 73.97%) followed by pearl millet-wheat-cluster bean-barley sequence (0.63 and 65.75%). The groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion also generated highest number of man days/ha/year (405). The highest values of organic carbon were found under green gram-mustard-pearl millet-lentil and cluster bean-pea-pearl millet-lentil. The maximum value of available P was recorded with cluster bean-mustard-green gram-garden cress followed by the groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion sequence. Available K decreased significantly from their initial values in all the cropping systems except groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion crop rotation. Among the various systems, groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion realized the highest net returns ( 213000 ha-1), followed by pearl millet-wheat-cluster bean-barley ( 163254 ha-1). Overall, it can be concluded that under the semi-arid agro climatic conditions of Rajasthan, groundnut-wheat-cluster bean-onion, followed by pearl millet-wheat-cluster bean-barley, were more productive, sustainable, resource use efficient and remunerative than other cropping systems.

Effect of liming, planting time and tillage on system productivity, resource use efficiency and energy dynamics of rice (Oryza sativa) - lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus) cropping system under rainfed lowland condition of North East India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakhen Sorokhaibam ◽  
N. Anando Singh ◽  
L. Nabachandra
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Energy Dynamics ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment was conducted at Imphal, Manipur during 2010-12 to study the effect of liming, planting time and tillage on system productivity, resource use efficiency and energy dynamics of rice (Oryza sativa L.) - lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus L.) cropping system. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with 3 replications. The treatment consisted of two factors i.e. liming (liming and no liming) and planting time (early and normal) given to rice crop during kharif season in the main plots and two tillage practices (no tillage and conventional tillage) were given in the succeeding lathyrus crop during the rabi season in the sub plots. Results showed that application of lime @ 500 kg CaCO3/ha before planting rice improved system productivity marginally in terms of rice-equivalent yield (REY of 6.32 t/ha) and water use efficiency (WUE) of the system (20.51 kg/ha-mm), however, it failed to increase benefit: cost (B: C) ratio. Advancing planting time of rice 15 days ahead of normal planting enhanced growth and yield of succeeding lathyrus crop resulting in increase of REY, land use efficiency (LUE), production efficiency (PE), and partial factor productivity (PFP) of the system by 19.3, 1.7, 17.0 and 17.0 %, respectively and moreover, it recorded higher system B:C ratio (1.20). No tillage enhanced PFP, NUE, WUE and B: C ratio of the system, while conventional tillage increased energy consumption by 9.45 %.

scholarly journals Direct and Residual Effect of Nutrient Management and Rice Establishment Methods on Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient Uptake and Resource Use Efficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cropping System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. Samant ◽  
L.M. Garnayak ◽  
R.K. Paikaray ◽  
K.N. Mishra ◽  
R.K. Panda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Use Efficiency

Background: Rice and rice based cropping systems are of prime importance in global food production but continuous rice mono cropping and excessive dependence on chemical fertilisers degrade the soil quality, which can be partly solved by changing into rice-legume system. Methods: The field experiment was conducted during kharif and rabi of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 at Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar to evaluate direct and residual effect of nutrient management and rice establishment methods on productivity, profitability, nutrient uptake and resource use efficiency in rice-groundnut system. Result: Transplanted rice increased the yield attributes of rice in both the years resulting in 6.0-8.1% higher grain yield than direct seeding. Integrated nutrient management (INM) significantly improved the growth and yield of rice as compared to sole organic and inorganic. Carryover effect of direct seeding increased growth and yield of succeeding groundnut. Residual effect of organic in preceding rice increased pod yield of groundnut. INM to groundnut increased yield parameters of the crop resulting in 19.7-20.2 and 38.9-40.0% higher pod yields than 100% and 75% soil test based fertiliser, respectively in both the years. Direct seeding of rice with INM practice in both the crops performed superior in rice-groundnut cropping system.

The potential for regenerative agriculture in the developing world

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Francis ◽  
Richard R. Harwood ◽  
James F. Parr
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Multiple Cropping ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Use Efficiency

AbstractIncreased food production and greater income for farm families are primary goals of agricultural development in the Third World. Most strategies to achieve these goals are unrealistic in assuming that limited resource farmers can move out of basic food production in multiple cropping systems to high-technology monocropping for export. These strategies are based on petroleum-based inputs that demand scarce foreign exchange. They may include excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which adds unnecessary production costs, endangers the farm family, and degrades the rural environment. Dependence on export crops and world markets is economically tenuous, especially for the small farmer. Future agricultural production systems can be designed to take better advantage of production resources found on the farm. Enhanced nitrogen fixation, greater total organic matter production, integrated pest management, genetic tolerance to pests and to stress conditions, and higher levels of biological activity all contribute to resource use efficiency. Appropriate information and management skills substituted for expensive inputs can further improve resource use efficiency. On the whole farm level, appropriate cropping on each field can be integrated with animal enterprises, leading to a highly structured and efficient system. Such systems can serve the needs of national agricultural sector planners, who in many countries are concerned with increased self-reliance in farming inputs and in production of basic food commodities. This includes a realistic focus on training of local development specialists, increased research on food crops under limited resource conditions, and providing information, incentives, and appropriate technologies for operators of both large and small farms. Well-conceived national plans include varied food production strategies and options for farmers with different resource levels.

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