Combined chemical and biological treatment of recalcitrant industrial effluents: a case study on kraft pulp wastewater.

In this study, the wastewater of one of the cigarette factories in Izmir was characterized and treatability studies were done. The characterization studies of the wastewater showed that the COD, and the pH changes drastically. The chemical treatability studies of the influent wastewater were done by using Ca(OH)2, FeCl3 and Fenton Reagent. The optimum dose of FeCI3 was determined by jar tests. When using Ca(OH)2, the best flocculation, settling behaviour, and the highest COD removal occurred around pH 11. The optimum doses of Fenton Reagent (FeSO4 and H2O2) were determined. The supernatants of the previously chemically treated wastewaters were used for biological treatment. According to total COD removal efficiencies and the amount of sludge production during chemical treatment, FeCl3 was found to be the most economical and effective coagulant. Chemical treatment units were designed for a batch and a continuous system. The batch system has more advantages than a continuous system in this case.

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Novel Biological treatment of Ammonia for low C/N ratios: case study of landfill leachates treatment.

Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation ◽

10.2175/193864704784131329 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 2004 (10) ◽

pp. 315-324

Author(s):

Jacqueline Pasanau ◽

Jens Meinhold ◽

Michéle Payraudeau ◽

John Cigana ◽

Lucie Patria

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Landfill Leachates

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Tracking Legionella in air generated from a biological treatment plant: a case study of the outbreak of legionellosis in Norway

10.1117/12.886932 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Janet M. Blatny ◽

Jaran S. Olsen ◽

Øyvind Andreassen ◽

Viggo Waagen ◽

Bjørn Anders P. Reif

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Treatment Plant

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Chemical and Biological Characterization of Industrial Effluents and Applied Mathematical Modelling — A Case Study

Organic Micropollutants in the Aquatic Environment ◽

10.1007/978-94-009-4660-6_41 ◽

1986 ◽

pp. 373-384

Author(s):

Å. Granmo ◽

L. Renberg ◽

G. Sundström

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Modelling ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Biological Characterization

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Treatability of kraft pulp bleaching wastewater by biochemical and photocatalytic oxidation

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1999.0058 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 281-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Işıl Akmehmet Balcıoǧlu ◽

Ferhan Çeçen

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Kraft Pulp ◽

Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Oxidation Reactions ◽

Pulp Bleaching ◽

Kraft Pulp Bleaching ◽

Activated Sludge Reactor ◽

Sulfate Pulp ◽

Biological Treatability

In this study the biological treatability and TiO2 photocatalyzed oxidation characteristics of sulfate pulp bleaching effluents were investigated. The original wastes had a low biodegradability as determined by BOD5/COD ratios. Biological treatment was conducted in a batch activated sludge reactor. The non-biodegradable fraction amounted to 60% of the initial COD and compounds specific to these wastes were not removed during biotreatment. In order to enhance the biodegradability of these wastes, mixed raw effluent, C/E-H stage effluent, D/E-D stage effluent and biologically pretreated wastes were subjected to TiO2 photocatalyzed oxidation. Photocatalytic oxidation led to an increase in the BOD5/COD ratio of D/E-H stage raw and biologically treated wastewater, while chloride formation was observed in both cases in a five-hour reaction period in the presence of 1g 1−1 TiO2 and 15×10−3 M H2O2 at pH=6.5. The specific absorption values (A272nm/CODs, A254nm/CODs, A346nm/CODs, A436nm/CODs) exhibited parallel decreases during photocatalytic oxidation which indicate that oxidation reactions were nonspecific with respect to the organics present in these wastes. As a conclusion it can be suggested that biological treatment should be placed before the photocatalytic oxidation method. Even in this scheme, the application of photocatalytic oxidation could only then be favored when the COD and chloride concentrations in the wastewater were below certain values or when wastewater was diluted.

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Phenol wastewater remediation: advanced oxidation processes coupled to a biological treatment

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2007.412 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (12) ◽

pp. 221-227 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

A. Rubalcaba ◽

M.E. Suárez-Ojeda ◽

F. Stüber ◽

A. Fortuny ◽

C. Bengoa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Treatment ◽

Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Advanced Oxidation ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Coupled Processes ◽

Catalytic Wet Air Oxidation ◽

Air Oxidation ◽

Wet Air Oxidation ◽

Oxidation Processes

Nowadays, there are increasingly stringent regulations requiring more and more treatment of industrial effluents to generate product waters which could be easily reused or disposed of to the environment without any harmful effects. Therefore, different advanced oxidation processes were investigated as suitable precursors for the biological treatment of industrial effluents containing phenol. Wet air oxidation and Fenton process were tested batch wise, while catalytic wet air oxidation and H2O2-promoted catalytic wet air oxidation processes were studied in a trickle bed reactor, the last two using over activated carbon as catalyst. Effluent characterisation was made by means of substrate conversion (using high liquid performance chromatography), chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon. Biodegradation parameters (i.e. maximum oxygen uptake rate and oxygen consumption) were obtained from respirometric tests using activated sludge from an urban biological wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The main goal was to find the proper conditions in terms of biodegradability enhancement, so that these phenolic effluents could be successfully treated in an urban biological WWTP. Results show promising research ways for the development of efficient coupled processes for the treatment of wastewater containing toxic or biologically non-degradable compounds.

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