A Simple Method for the Characteristic Differentiation of Antibiotics by TLC-Bioautography in Graded Concentration of Ammonium Chloride

A simple classification method for 24 known antibiotics by TLC-bioautographic procedure was developed. The approach used was to change the Rf values in seven TLC systems with an ammonium chloride solution in a graded concentration range (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10 and 20%). The antibiotics were divided into four groups (A to D) showing the characteristic behavior of Rf values corresponding to similarities in chemical structure: β-lactam, aminoglycoside, macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics. TLC-bioautography helps to estimate the character of antibiotics and the characteristic change of Rf values may be very useful for classifying unknown residual antibiotics in animal samples as a routine laboratory test.

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Dissolution kinetics of calcined colemanite in ammonium chloride solution

Hydrometallurgy ◽

10.1016/0304-386x(94)90010-8 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 259-268 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Canan Kum ◽

Mahir Alkan ◽

M. Muhtar Kocakerim

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Chloride ◽

Chloride Solution ◽

Dissolution Kinetics ◽

Ammonium Chloride Solution ◽

Kinetics Of

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Solidification of an aqueous ammonium chloride solution in a rectangular cavity—I. Experimental study

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer ◽

10.1016/0017-9310(89)90090-2 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 47-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

M.S. Christenson ◽

F.P. Incropera

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Ammonium Chloride ◽

Chloride Solution ◽

Rectangular Cavity ◽

Ammonium Chloride Solution

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Investigation Of Blister Formed On Coated Mild Steel Using Scanning Kelvin Probe

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v56.906 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Zalilah Sharer Sahir ◽

John Malcolm Sykes

Keyword(s):

Mild Steel ◽

Key Words ◽

Ammonium Chloride ◽

Chloride Solution ◽

Organic Coating ◽

Kelvin Probe ◽

Scanning Kelvin Probe ◽

Coated Metal ◽

Potential Map ◽

Electrochemical Potentials

Degradasi pada besi bersalut cat dari segi gelembung yang terbentuk telah dikaji selepas direndam di dalam larutan 3% natrium klorida dan 3% ammonium klorida. Imbasan probe Kelvin (SKP) telah digunakan untuk menghasilkan peta keupayaan kimia–elektro bagi mengenal pasti kawasan anod dan katod dibawah gelembung dan kawasan persekitarannya. Bagi gelembung yang terhasil pada panel yang direndam dalam larutan 3% sodium klorida, peta upaya SKP menunjukkan gelembung yang terbentuk adalah di kawasan katod yang disebabkan oleh alkali, dimana kawasan anod juga dilihat terbentuk berdekatan. Walhal bagi peta upaya SKP untuk gelembung yang terhasil pada panel yang direndam di dalam larutan 3% ammonium klorida menunjukkan kehadiran kawasan katod dikelilingi oleh kawasan anod. Kata kunci: Cat organik; imbasan probe Kelvin; gelembung The degradation of a coated metal in term of the area underneath a blister has been studied after being immersed in 3% sodium chlorida and 3% ammonium chloride solution. Scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) was used to map electrochemical potentials, identifying anodic and cathodic regions underneath a blister and the surrounding coating. For blisters formed on coated panel immersed in sodium chlorida solution, SKP potential map reveals that the blister has formed at a cathode due to alkali but anodes form nearby (not remote). Meanwhile SKP potential map for blister formed on coated panel in 3% ammonium chloride reveals the presence of cathodic regions within the anodic areas. Key words: Organic coating; scanning Kelvin Probe; blister

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