Author(s):  
Samantha A. Shave

The first half of this chapter examines the implications of these findings for our understandings of several areas of the poor laws: local ideas and policy transfer, national legislation and policy-making. The second half of the conclusion focuses on the influences upon the development of the poor laws. It examines the role of stakeholders and key actors, each with distinct roles in the policy process across both the old and New Poor Law eras. The chapter finishes by discussing more broadly how the policy process approach can be applied to understand reform and innovation in the broader field of social and public policy.


Author(s):  
Dimária Silva e Meirelles

From the perspective of the market as a process, the market only exists to the extent that exchanges take place. So, what is better in times of social isolation: intervene to ensure that the market works or let the market freeze freely? Moreover, to what extent is it possible to intervene in the market in times of pandemic, preserving the principles of economic freedom? Based on the principles of cooperation and economic calculation proposed by Mises, the objective of this paper is to analyze the possibilities of public policy in a situation of social isolation. Among the main public policy devised in this time of the pandemic, the following measures have provided the continuity of the market process: credit, tax deferrals, and emergency assistance or paycheck protection program. The concern with the preservation of the economic calculation extends to all supply chain linkages, including final customers, for to companies continue to do their economic calculation.


Author(s):  
Fernando D'Andrea ◽  
João Fernando Mazzoni

Innovation is at the core of any market economy and it is necessary for any organization to survive in competitive environments. This article aims to discuss the current approach to innovation seen in most of the management and economics literature and it will suggest that this understanding, loosely based on Schumpeter’s ideas on creative destruction, is not capable of representing the actual dynamism seen in the markets. In order to better understand that dynamism, the market process approach of the Austrian School is presented as a substitute. The comparison indicates that adopting the market process approach, in which entrepreneurship and innovation are endogenous and not-necessarily related to breaks or shocks, leads to a much better understanding of the innovation phenomena and, consequently, and opens new paths in the understanding of the entrepreneurial role. The work concludes presenting limitations and suggestions for future research in management, and economics, and finally, some pedagogical suggestions are also given.


2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Duncan ◽  
Christopher J. Coyne

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