Representations of the Working Poor

The Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1993 (RRA93) significantly expanded the earned income credit (EIC), which was changed to include low-income taxpayers without dependents. Evolving, most directly, from the “workfare” plan (1972) proposed by Senate Finance Committee Chairman, Russel B. Long, and in response to President Nixon's Family Assistance Program (FAP), the post-1974 EIC was not the first of its kind. It had two predecessors. The EIC of 1923 through 1931 benefitted taxpayers with or without dependents and excluded any “workfare” feature. A second EIC, in name only, was in effect for the 1934 through 1943 tax years. This paper develops a historical framework for study of the post-1974 EIC. This framework necessarily precedes any investigation of contemporary issues relating to the twenty-year history of the post-1974 EIC which, unlike its first predecessor, appears destined to continue as a permanent, expanding mechanism for the delivery of basic subsistence to the “working poor.” The resolution of these contemporary issues will determine whether the post-1974 EIC is destined to replace or continue to co-exist with a (presumably) more costly welfare delivery system.

Stress and the working poor

Human Affairs ◽

10.1515/humaff-2019-0008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 87-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zuzana Řimnáčová ◽

Alena Kajanová

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Social Exclusion ◽

Mental State ◽

Low Income ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Working Poor ◽

Full Time ◽

Poverty Level ◽

Entire Family

Abstract The working poor are not a clearly defined group. There are still people who work full-time, but have incomes bordering on poverty level. They tend to remain in work despite their low wages simply to avoid becoming unemployed and risk social exclusion. However, working in low-income jobs for long periods creates stress and gives rise to further problems. Stress affects sleep patterns and leads to problems associated with food intake and nutrition, and thus to disorders of the gastrointestinal system. Cardiovascular and neurological disorders may occur too. A lack of finances, and the stresses stemming from that are statistically significant and a strong predictor of a worse mental state. There is also a higher probability of psychosis occurring. All this affects the entire family, especially children. The inability to invest money and time in their development is another consequence.

MINIMUM WAGES AND THE ‘WORKING POOR’

Economic Papers A journal of applied economics and policy ◽

10.1111/j.1759-3441.2007.tb01016.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 295-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

MARK WOODEN ◽

ROGER WILKINS ◽

SEAMUS McGUINNESS

Keyword(s):

Working Poor ◽

Minimum Wages

The working poor and the working of American labour markets

Cambridge Journal of Economics ◽

10.1093/cje/24.6.691 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 691-708 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

D. Cormier

Keyword(s):

Working Poor ◽

Labour Markets

The Working Poor

Public Administration Review ◽

10.2307/977030 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 308

Author(s):

Cheryle A. Broom ◽

Sar A. Levitan ◽

Isaac Shapiro

Keyword(s):

Working Poor

Identifying and Responding to At-Housing-Risk Households in the Post-COVID19 Era : Focusing on the Double Precarity of the Working Poor

The Korean Association of Space and Environment Research ◽

10.19097/kaser.2020.30.4.124 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 124-171

Author(s):

Hoobin Lee

Keyword(s):

Working Poor

Juárez, Maximilian, and the French Occupation of Mexico

The Oxford Handbook of Mexican History ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190699192.013.14 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Hogan

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Historical Data ◽

The United States ◽

Working Poor ◽

The Other ◽

Reform Movement ◽

Mexican History ◽

Basic Facts ◽

The Republic ◽

Benito Juarez

A tumultuous period in Mexican history began with the Reform Movement of President Benito Juárez, followed by the French invasion and installation of Maximillian as emperor, the defeat of his troops by the liberal army, and the restoration of the Mexican Republic in 1877. Although most of the basic facts of these events are not in dispute, the narrowness of the lens used to examine them is. Some data have been systematically ignored by national historians, and there are also contradictory interpretations of the published historical data. One common reflection on this period is the depiction of Maximilian as liberal whom some argue contributed in a positive way to Mexico. However, some Mexican scholars dispute this. The other widely held belief is that Benito Juárez can be credited with the restoration of the republic and the betterment of the working poor and indigenous. Although criticism of Juárez is uncommon in official circles, where he is idolized, some Mexican scholars are more skeptical of these claims. The missing or generally ignored data concern the contribution of the United States to the defeat of the French and Austrian armies, which is not mentioned in any survey texts and is minimized in most articles. The fuller inclusion of these data coupled with a closer look at the contributions and failures of both the Maximilian and Juárez regimes provides a clearer picture of the epoch and generates new insights.