The Psychobiology of Substance Use Behaviours and its Relationship to Personal and Social Psychological Interpretations of these Behaviours

Despite enormous social-psychological and economic consequences of substance abuse in youth and young adults, too little is known about effective interventions among substance users, both with and without ADHD. This special issue reports on four linked investigations that employed a novel research strategy when the Multimodal Treatment Children with ADHD Study (MTA) participants were between ages 21.7 and 27.3 years old (14-16 years after initial assessments). Using combination of in-depth qualitative narrative interviews and quantitative analyses (“mixed methods”) of 183 participants from four to six original MTA sites, investigators sought to obtain a more complete understanding of factors contributing to youths’ substance use (SU) initiation, maintenance, and desistence, (both among youth with ADHD and control participants). The articles in this special issue illuminate important new insights about possible influences contributing to SU, particularly persistent use/abuse. Findings also illustrate the benefits of mixed-methods studies, not only to better understand the linkages between ADHD and SU, but also to understand other areas of child/adult psychopathology.

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Psychosocial and Demographic Variables as Correlates of Patterns of Substance Abuse among in-Patients in Two Selected Neuro-Psychiatric Hospitals in South-West, Nigeria

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2020/v32i2130696 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 65-76

Author(s):

Quamariyat Adekemi Akinlawon ◽

Christiana Obiageli Emeghara ◽

Christian C. C. Asonye ◽

Olawale Rasheed Oladapo ◽

Okechukwu Emeghara

Keyword(s):

Substance Abuse ◽

Substance Use ◽

Psychiatric Hospital ◽

Significant Influence ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Psychiatric Hospitals ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Psychoactive Substance ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Psychoactive Substance Use

Aims: The study main objective is to access psychosocial and demographic variables as correlates of patterns of psychoactive substance abuse among patients admitted to drug treatment centers in two federal mental health institutions in Nigeria. Study Design: Descriptive correlational research design. Place and Duration of Study: Neuropsychiatric Hospital (Aro & Lantoro Annex) Abeokuta and Federal Neuro Psychiatric Hospital, Yaba, Lagos in February 2018. Methodology: The sample size for this study comprises 224 patients admitted for treatment due to psychoactive substance abuse at the Neuropsychiatric Hospital (Aro & Lantoro Annex) Abeokuta and Federal Neuro Psychiatric Hospital, Yaba, Lagos. A self-developed, pre-tested semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data on psychosocial and demographic variables that may explain the patterns of substance abuse among. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance. Results: The study found that social, psychological and demographic factors have significant influence on psychoactive substance use (F (6, 213) =23.214, P=0.07), Adj R2 = .158 (F (3, 216) =33.193, P=0.000), Adj R2 = .104, (F (6, 213) =10.101, P=0.031), Adj R2 = .062 respectively. Social factors of accessibility, family usage, affordability and peer usage exerted positive impact on psychoactive substance use β = .81, P = 000, β =.127, P = .037, β = .118, P = 0.011 and β = .139, P = .009 respectively. The psychological factors of perception, impulsivity and self- gratification exerted positive and significant influence on psychoactive substance use β = .148, P = 047, β =.197, P = .000 and β = .107, P = 0.03 respectively. Demographic factors age (x2 = 21.347, P = .000); gender (x2 = 5.432, P = .013); marital status (x2 = 2.707, P = .034) and religion is (x2 = 4.119, P = .009) exerted significant effect on pattern of substance abuse. Conclusion: The study concluded that social, psychological and demographic variables are the main correlates of psychoactive substance abuse among patients admitted and treated in sampled Neuropsychiatric Hospitals.

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Sociological, Social Psychological, and Psychopathological Correlates of Substance Use Disorders in the U.S. Jail Population

International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology ◽

10.1177/0306624x07311614 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 168-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Bradley T. Kerridge

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Social Psychological ◽

The U.S

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Self-Report Assessments of Psychoactive Substance Use and Dependence

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199381708.013.005 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Frances K. Del Boca ◽

Jack Darkes ◽

Bonnie McRee

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Question Answering ◽

Verbal Report ◽

Self Report ◽

Social Psychological ◽

Alcohol And Drug Use ◽

Drug Use Disorders ◽

Use Behavior ◽

Assessment Procedures ◽

Alcohol And Other Drugs

Accurate assessment is critical to clinical interventions for problems associated with the use of alcohol and other drugs, and it is essential for research on the causes, consequences, and treatment of addiction. Verbal report is the most common method of assessing substance use behavior, diagnosing alcohol and drug use disorders, and measuring dependence severity. The authors describe self-report methods for the assessment of substance use and related constructs, together with the factors that influence their validity and utility. First, assessment procedures are described in terms of the characteristics and dimensions on which they vary. Guidelines for selecting specific types of instruments for clinical and research purposes are then provided, and the strengths and limitations of major assessment approaches are discussed. Finally, a social-psychological framework for understanding the question-answering process is presented, and assessment methods are evaluated in relation to the model. The authors conclude by identifying relevant areas of research.

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