Cognitive Therapy and Schizophrenia: From Human Information Processing to the Logic of Complex Systems

2018 ◽  
pp. 19-56
Author(s):  
Tullio Scrimali ◽  
Arthur Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Human Information Processing

Schizophrenia and Cluster A Personality Disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullio Scrimali ◽  
Liria Grimaldi
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Brain Potentials ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Cluster A

The authors have conducted a research program on the interface between psychophysiology and cognitive therapy for a number of years. Here, they describe a recent study concerning schizophrenia and cluster A personality disorders (paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal). They studied some psychophysiological parameters such as evoked brain potentials and electrodermal activity as well as other aspects concerning parenting. This last topic was investigated by means of the parental bonding instrument. Three groups participated in this study: 10 schizophrenic patients, 10 patients affected by cluster A personality disorders (5 paranoid, 1 schizoid and 4 schizotypal) and 10 controls. The authors found some specific, different patterns among the three groups concerning arousal, human information processing and attachment. These results are discussed in the light of their implications for cognitive therapy. The authors give different guidelines for cognitive therapy of schizophrenic patients and cluster A personality disorder.

An Experimental Approach to Validating a Theory of Human Error in Complex Systems

1985 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy M. Morris ◽  
William B. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Information Processing Perspective ◽  
The Common

The problem of “human error” is pervasive in engineering systems in which the human is involved. In contrast to the common engineering approach of dealing with error probabilistically, the present research seeks to alleviate problems associated with error by gaining a greater understanding of causes and contributing factors from a human information processing perspective. The general approach involves identifying conditions which are hypothesized to contribute to errors, and experimentally creating the conditions in order to verify the hypotheses. The conceptual framework which serves as the basis for this research is discussed briefly, followed by a description of upcoming research. Finally, the potential relevance of this research to design, training, and aiding issues is discussed.

Information transformation: Some missing links

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Ivan P. Vaghely ◽  
Pierre-André Julien ◽  
André Cyr
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Process Information ◽  
Information Transformation ◽  
Efficient Information

Using grounded theory along with participant observation and interviews the authors explore how individuals in organizations process information. They build a model of human information processing which links the cognitivist-constructionist perspective to an algorithmic-heuristic continuum. They test this model using non-parametric procedures and find interesting results showing links to efficient information processing outcomes such as contributions to decision-making, knowledge-creation and innovation. They also identify some elements of best practice by efficient human information processing individuals whom they call the “information catalysts”.

scholarly journals New Inequalities between Information Measures of Network Information Content

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantelimon-George Popescu ◽  
Florin Pop ◽  
Alexandru Herişanu ◽  
Nicolae Ţăpuş
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Discrete Case ◽  
Network Information ◽  
Information Inequalities ◽  
Information Measures ◽  
New Inequalities

We refine a classical logarithmic inequality using a discrete case of Bernoulli inequality, and then we refine furthermore two information inequalities between information measures for graphs, based on information functionals, presented by Dehmer and Mowshowitz in (2010) as Theorems 4.7 and 4.8. The inequalities refer to entropy-based measures of network information content and have a great impact for information processing in complex networks (a subarea of research in modeling of complex systems).

BASE RATE NEGLECT FOR THE WEALTH OF INTERACTING PEOPLE

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 607-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIEMO URBIG
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Social Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Base Rate ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Base Rates ◽  
Base Rate Neglect ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Rate Information

Previous research investigating base rate neglect as a bias in human information processing has focused on isolated individuals. This study complements this research by showing that in settings of interacting individuals, especially in settings of social learning, where individuals can learn from one another, base rate neglect can increase a population's welfare. This study further supports the research arguing that a population with members biased by neglecting base rates does not need to perform worse than a population with unbiased members. Adapting the model of social learning suggested by Bikhchandani, Hirshleifer and Welch (The Journal of Political Economy100 (1992) 992–1026) and including base rates that differ from generic cases such as 50–50, conditions are identified that make underweighting base rate information increasing the population's welfare. The base rate neglect can start a social learning process that otherwise had not been started and thus base rate neglect can generate positive externalities improving a population's welfare.

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