The creation of mental models (1992): basic and ephemeral models

In this conceptual article, we present a theory of leadership in self-managing virtual teams. We describe leadership in this setting as a process that results in the creation, reinforcement, and evolution of shared mental models and shared norms that influence team member behavior toward the successful accomplishment of shared goals. We distinguish two types of leadership. We identify leadership that works within and reinforces existing models and norms to influence team contributions as “functional” leadership. We identify leadership that results in changes in models and norms as “visionary” leadership. We propose that successful self-managing virtual teams require both types of leadership and that they will exhibit a paradoxical combination of shared, distributed functional leadership complemented by strong, concentrated, and centralized visionary leadership and that visionary leadership is enabled by functional leadership in the form of substantive team member contributions.

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Global Evocations of South-Ness Online

Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts - Deconstructing Images of the Global South Through Media Representations and Communication ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-9821-3.ch015 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 383-408

Author(s):

Shalin Hai-Jew

Keyword(s):

Grounded Theory ◽

Mental Models ◽

Global South ◽

Social Practices ◽

Mass Scale ◽

Text Search ◽

Text Corpus ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Search Data ◽

The Creation

To understand mass evocations of the Global South and its depiction via formal and informal media, it may help to capture a sense of the human massmind by using some mass-scale methods: mass search data, text search data from a mass digitized published-text corpus, related tag networks from social imagery, article-article networks from a crowd-sourced encyclopedia, and hashtag tweetstreams. It may help to contrast the sense of “south-ness” with those of “north-ness,” “east-ness,” and “west-ness,” given how people maintain mental models of regions and places—in terms of peoples, cultures, values, social practices, languages, and other dimensions. This data-heavy, bottom-up coding approach, based on grounded theory, enables the creation of mass-scale glimpses and ephemera, through the indirection of verbal and visual inferences at web scale.

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Market Intelligence Dissemination Practices

Journal of Marketing ◽

10.1177/0022242919830958 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 72-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Gary F. Gebhardt ◽

Francis J. Farrelly ◽

Jodie Conduit

Keyword(s):

Organizational Learning ◽

Strategic Planning ◽

Qualitative Methods ◽

Mental Models ◽

Marketing Concept ◽

Shared Meaning ◽

Market Intelligence ◽

The Creation

Market intelligence is a cornerstone of the marketing concept and essential to market-focused strategic planning and implementation. Although the importance of market intelligence is widely accepted, how managers can ensure the organization-wide generation, dissemination, and responsiveness to market intelligence remains a persistent challenge. In this article, the authors investigate market intelligence dissemination practices and their resulting managerial responses. Using qualitative methods, the authors identify five market intelligence dissemination practices that either update and reinforce organization members’ existing schemas (mental models) of the market or create new, shared schemas of the market. Specifically, they find that the creation, existence, or absence of organizationally shared market schemas is crucial in explaining the effectiveness of different market intelligence dissemination practices. Thus, in addition to being experts on market intelligence, intelligence directors must be authorities on organizational learning and ways to create shared meaning structures that enable disseminated intelligence to be understood and used within their organizations. The authors conclude with suggestions for practitioners on how to manage intelligence dissemination across their organizations more effectively and efficiently.

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China in the Late Leninist Era

The China Quarterly ◽

10.1017/s0305741000032409 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 136 ◽

pp. 949-971 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Robert A. Scalapino

Keyword(s):

Mental Models ◽

20Th Century ◽

Science And Technology ◽

Major Influence ◽

The Creation ◽

Institutional Foundations

In the course of the 20th century, the world's inhabitants have shared one fate in common. Sooner or later, they and their society have been plunged into the maelstrom of accelerating change, an upheaval at the root of which are the explosive developments in science and technology. The global revolution has unfolded in different ways, and has had diverse ideological underpinnings, structural attributes and institutional foundations. Other variables of great significance are timing and leadership. The timing of the revolutionary effort together with the stage of preparation on the part of the society involved have had a major influence in determining the degree of coercion likely to be employed. If a reluctant, ill-prepared society is pulled into modernity largely against its will, significant force has often been required, although the creation of a new faith through intensive ideological indoctrination has reduced the quotient of coercion in certain instances. Timing has also determined the develop-mental models available as well as the prevailing ideological currents, and hence the influences likely to carry the greatest weight with elites committed to change.

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The creation of identity and brand meaning: the automatic versus creative use of mental models in language

Handbook of Research on Identity Theory in Marketing ◽

10.4337/9781788117739.00029 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 270-283

Author(s):

Colette Lelchuk ◽

Marianne Gordon ◽

Torsten Ringberg ◽

David Luna

Keyword(s):

Mental Models ◽

Brand Meaning ◽

The Creation

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The role of affect in feelings of obligation

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19002449 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽

Meltem Yucel ◽

Amrisha Vaish

Keyword(s):

Positive Emotions ◽

The Creation ◽

Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

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