The British Campaigns Against the Wahhabis on the North-Western Frontier

2020 ◽  
pp. 176-199
Author(s):  
Qeyamuddin Ahmad

1905 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-288
Author(s):  
G. A. Grierson

As a contribution towards solving the question of the origin of the inhabitants of the North - Western Frontier of British India, i.e., of Gilgit, Chitral, and Kāfiristān, I would draw attention to the fact that several legends as to the early customs of these tribes point to cannibalism having once prevailed there. The interpretation of the word Piśāca as meaning ‘an eater of raw flesh,’ ’Ωμοφ⋯γος, is well known. Some of the legends have been printed, and of these I do not propose to give more than a brief sketch, with references to the authorities. Others, hitherto unpublished, I shall give at greater length.



Lampas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-281
Author(s):  
Marenne Zandstra

Summary The forts and surrounding villages situated on the Lower German Limes were inhabited by people with very diverse ethno-cultural backgrounds. They came from all corners of the Roman Empire, and beyond, to the north-western frontier. In this article four case studies are put in the spotlight to illustrate the high rate of cultural diversity among these military communities.



1900 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-510
Author(s):  
George A. Grierson

Between the north-west frontier of our Indian Empire and the Pamirs there is a tract of mountainous country inhabited by many different nationalities, speaking many different tongues. The Pāmirs themselvesare a polyglot region. Taking Zēbāk, for instance, the district round it is the home of no less than four distinct speeches— one West-Iranian, Persian, and three East-Iranian, Wakhī, Shi ghī, and Ishkāshamīī. These last belong to the same Aryan group as Paksbtō. To the south-east of the Pāmirs we come to the Burushaskī spoken in Hunza and Nagar, a language of Scythian stock, whose immediate affinities have not yet been identified. South-east, again, of the Burushaskī area we come to Bāltistān, where another Scythian language, the Tibeto-Burman Bāltī, is the vernacular. In the valley of Kāshmīr;, there is Kāshmirī, and in the lower reaches of the Jhelum and in the Murree Hills, Chhibhālī, both of which are Indo - Aryan, and can be traced up to ancient Sanskrit. West of the Chhibhālī tract lies the British district of Hazara, of which the principal language is a form of Western Panjābī. Crossing the Indus we come to the Northern Pakhtō dialect of Pakshtō spoken in Peshawar, Ṣwāt, and Bajaur. West of Bajaur, beyond the Kunar River, we come to Laghmān. North of Laghmān lies Kāfiristān, through which we again reach the Pāmirs.





Iraq ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
Michael Brown ◽  
Peter Miglus ◽  
Kamal Rasheed ◽  
Mustafa Ahmad

This article presents detailed illustrations of two rock-reliefs from the neighbouring sites Rabana and Merquly, located on the flanks of Mt. Piramagrun in Iraqi Kurdistan. Both matching sculptures are aligned with perimeter fortifications that enclose substantial architectural remains. Based on numismatic parallels, supported by archaeological evidence, it is proposed that these depictions of near life-size figures represent an anonymous Arsacid King of Kings from the early first millennium (c.a.d.50-150), who was credited with construction of the mountain fortresses. Rabana and Merquly together form an important landscape of settlement on the north-western frontier of the Parthian Empire.



1936 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 875-881
Author(s):  
I. I. Zarubin

Among the specimens of the Pāmīr languages included by Sir George A. Grierson in his Specimen Translations in theLanguages of the North-Western Frontier (later on republished in the Linguistic Survey of India, vol. x) the Yazghulāmī is not represented at all. In his later work specially comprising the I shkashmi, Zebaki, and Yazghulami (London, 1920) Sir George A. Grierson, having no texts at his disposal, had again to limit himself to a mere list of aboutthirty words in Yazghulāmī that were taken down by Sir Aurel Stein.



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