scholarly journals Soft governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Meena Thuraisingham
Keyword(s):  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Brøgger

Through an ethnographic exploration of policy documents, this paper aims to expose how outcome-oriented education standards gained international hegemonic status in the Bologna Process. Taking inspiration in the concept of hegemony and by connecting the invisible power of hegemony to soft governance, the paper shows how the outcome-based modular curriculum gained hegemonic power by means of the infrastructure of the reform. Centring on the movement from political agendas within the Bologna Process to the implementation in a national context using Denmark as a case, the paper tracks the transformation from an input- and content-driven curriculum to an outcome- and objectives-driven curriculum and the transition from a semestrial timeframe structure to a modular block structure. The paper shows how consent and legitimisation is manufactured through the infrastructure of the Bologna Process consisting of communication paths, standardisation and follow-up mechanisms such as benchmarking through graphs and frameworks for reporting.


Author(s):  
Andreas Hildenbrand
Keyword(s):  

El presente trabajo tiene el objetivo de ofrecer un análisis de la gobernanza y planificación territorial en las áreas metropolitanas en Alemania, para contribuir a la difusión del conocimiento sobre las experiencias obtenidas en este país, que por varias razones se consideran de especial interés. En primer lugar, se explica por qué las fórmulas adecuadas en el aspecto institucional (la gobernanza metropolitana) y el rendimiento en el ámbito de la planificación territorial constituyen factores imprescindibles para lograr un desarrollo urbano-territorial sostenible de las áreas metropolitanas. En segundo lugar, se aporta una visión general sobre las áreas metropolitanas alemanas y los diferentes modelos de instituciones de gobernanza metropolitana (hard governance) que están al uso en Alemania, considerando también las fórmulas empleadas en el ámbito del soft governance. En tercer lugar, se analiza la aplicación de estos modelos para seis casos de áreas metropolitanas (Stuttgart, Hannover, Frankfurt, München, Berlin-Brandenburg y Hamburg). El foco de atención se centra en los rasgos básicos de las instituciones metropolitanas, así como en las actuaciones realizadas en materias centrales para el desarrollo metropolitano (planificación territorial, transporte público y promoción económica). Igualmente se comentan prácticas concretas de instrumentos del soft governance. Con especial profundidad se analiza la planificación territorial metropolitana. Este análisis, que comenta y compara las prácticas planificadoras correspondientes, se estructura por las cuatro estrategias centrales que esta planificación aplica tradicionalmente en Alemania para la consecución de un desarrollo urbano-territorial sostenible, entre ellas el modelo de la ciudad razonablemente compacta y policéntrica y la planificación integrada del uso del suelo y el transporte. Finalmente, en cuarto lugar, el trabajo culmina en un conjunto de conclusiones extraíbles de las experiencias de la gobernanza y planificación territorial en las áreas metropolitanas alemanas.


IG ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-300
Author(s):  
Michèle Knodt ◽  
Rainer Müller ◽  
Sabine Schlacke ◽  
Marc Ringel

The European Commission's “Fit for 55” package of July 2021 provides for a significant increase in renewable energy and energy efficiency targets in the European Union (EU). However, the EU’s competences in the energy sector are severely limited and subject to sovereignty. Already in 2018, the EU adopted a Governance Regulation that provides for a hardening of the otherwise only soft governance in the areas of renewable energies and energy efficiency due to the lack of European competences. It is intended to ensure that the Commission's recommendations for improving national energy and climate plans are implemented by the member states. An analysis of the quality of implementation of these recommendations now shows that this has a positive effect in areas with harder soft governance but still needs improvement. Increasing the targets of regulatory action cannot be successful without revising the Governance Regulation and hardening soft governance along with it. Otherwise, the EU is not fit for its 55 percent target in 2030.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-82
Author(s):  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Tian Gan

Abstract NGOs are faced with the dilemma of action logic in participating in poverty alleviation at the grass-roots level: if they do not embed into local areas, they cannot carry out activities; if they embed too deeply, they will be molded in reverse and cannot realize successful exits. So what action logic will NGOs take in the process of poverty alleviation? Through field observation of H organization which participated in the poverty alleviation project of a pig farm in J village, this paper puts forward the action logic of “soft embeddedness” (SE) on the basis of the theory of “embeddedness” and “soft governance.” SE mainly includes three aspects: the soft relationship embeddedness of culture and custom, the soft resources embeddedness of negotiation by many parties and the soft structure embeddedness of rural regulations and folk conventions. Compared with that of “hard embeddedness” (HE) which emphasizes institutionalism and inculcation, the action logic of SE has its own characteristics. It includes the flexibility of interaction, the strategy of participation and the limited responsibility boundary. The SE action logic helps maintain the autonomy of NGOs, promote the accumulation of village social capital and realize the sustainable development of poverty alleviation projects. At the same time, this paper theoretically complements and extends the interaction between the states and the society as well as the action logic of NGOs in China.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 787-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Knodt ◽  
Marc Ringel ◽  
Rainer Müller
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Daniël Smits ◽  
Jos van Hillegersberg

IT governance research suggests the existence of a gap between theoretical frameworks and practice. Although current ITG research is largely focused on hard governance (structure, processes), soft governance (behavior, collaboration) is equally important and might be crucial to close the gap. The goal of this study is to determine what IT governance maturity models are available and if there remains a mismatch. The authors conducted a systematic literature review to create an overview of available IT governance maturity models. The study shows five new IT governance maturity models were introduced. Only one of the new IT governance maturity models covers hard and soft IT governance in detail. This model and corresponding instrument was used to illustrate its usability in practice. The authors demonstrate that combining the instrument with structured interviews results in a usable instrument to determine an organization's current maturity level of hard and soft IT governance.


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