Degeneration and hereditarianism in French mental medicine 1840–90: psychiatric theory as ideological adaptation

2018 ◽  
pp. 188-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Dowbiggin
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Theory

Potential questions of metapsychiatry

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Petar Opalic
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Neutral Monism ◽  
Psychiatric Theory ◽  
Mental Contents

The introduction presents different contents and historical aspects of the relation between philosophy and psychiatry, with the issues of metapsychiatry among the most general ones. Subsequently, several problems of metapsychiatry are addressed, as problematizing of psychiatric theory and practice. The questions to which metapsychiatry, alone or together with other sciences could provide answers, are briefly addressed. Those are primarily the issues of singularity and consistency of a particular psychiatric entity, the issue of causality in psychiatry, the reality of psychiatric categories, the issue of the relation of psychiatry and common sense, of modular or holistic organization of mental contents, the relation between practicism and intellectualism in psychiatry, of the Cartesian dilemma in psychiatry and the issue of autonomy of the contents of spiritual life. The main issue that metapsychiatry ought to provide an answer to is the relation between physical and psychic substantiality in psychiatry, solved until now, as e already said, from the viewpoints of idealistic nomism. materialism, neutral monism ontological epiphenomenalism, and Cartesian dualism. As a conclusion, the author points to certain advantages offered by metapsychiatric analyses, i.e. defragmenting the relation between philosophy and psychiatry.

Psychiatry and Ideology

1973 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paris
Keyword(s):  
Human Condition ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Cultural Climate ◽  
Psychiatric Theory ◽  
The Human Condition

Throughout history psychiatric ideas have been shaped by prevailing ideological frameworks. The development of psychiatric theory and practice has not been a simple progression but has oscillated wildly with each change in the cultural climate. Contemporary psychiatry is divided into a number of ideological camps, each reflecting aspects of the fragmented modern zeitgeist. Allegiance to any one system carries the danger of sacrificing the care of patients to attain theoretical consistency. Psychiatrists must accept the uncertainties of the eclectic position and abandon Utopian attempts to resolve the ambiguities of the human condition.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Dissent: Experiences of Perceived Misdiagnosis and Stigma in Persons Diagnosed With Schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith A. Forgione
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Life History ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Psychiatric Theory ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Insight Into

It is not uncommon for individuals to disagree with their psychiatric diagnosis. The experience of perceived misdiagnosis can be challenging for service users, as mainstream psychiatric theory often views this disagreement as an indication of “poor insight” into their putative illness. Some researchers have suggested that labeling a service user as lacking insight can be detrimental to the service user’s recovery. Regardless of whether a person agrees with his or her diagnosis, persons labeled with “mental illness” sometimes internalize the discrimination and stigma that they encounter. However, few studies have examined the lived experience of disagreeing with a diagnosis. The present study investigated the first-person experiences of three individuals who believed that they were misdiagnosed with a psychotic disorder. As part of a larger study, participants completed in-depth interviews about their life history and experiences in psychiatric hospitals. Data were analyzed using phenomenological methods. Participants felt that their clinicians assigned an erroneous and stigmatizing label that did not match their self-experience. Diagnostic dissent, a form of perceived misdiagnosis, was a way for individuals to assert their self-experience against perceived invalidation and stigmatizing labels.

scholarly journals Reduction in Psychiatry

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 506-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Gold
Keyword(s):  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Selective Review ◽  
Psychiatric Theory

Objective: To examine the doctrine of reductionism in psychiatry. Method: A selective review of the literature. Results: Two arguments offered in support of reduction in psychiatry are presented and found to be unsatisfactory. An argument supporting skepticism about reduction is described. Conclusion: Currently, there is little reason to think that any significant portion of psychiatric theory will be reduced to neuroscience or genetics.

The Thirty-Third Maudsley Lecture: Trends in Child-Psychiatry

1959 ◽  
Vol 105 (440) ◽  
pp. 581-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Kanner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Child Psychiatry ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Child Psychiatrist ◽  
Full Professorship ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Psychiatric Theory ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Adolf Meyer

Too deeply moved to search for originality of expression, I hope that you will allow me to fall back on some of the well-worn phrases in acknowledging the honour conferred on me when I was chosen to be this year's Maudsley lecturer. My reaction was summarized in my reply to the notice which reached me in May, 1957. I wrote: “I accept amidst an understandable struggle between pride and humility. The name ‘Maudsley Lecture’ has an almost hallowed connotation among my professional contemporaries, and this invitation comes to me as a sort of crowning acme of my career.” I am delighted to share my laurels with the Johns Hopkins University, which I joined exactly thirty years ago at the call of Adolf Meyer, whose gigantic contributions to psychiatric theory and practice were attested by the Royal Medico-Psychological Association when he was nominated to be the fourteenth Maudsley Lecturer in 1933. In going over the list of my illustrious predecessors in this series of addresses, beginning with Sir James Crichton Browne and Sir Frederick Mott, I find that I am the second United States psychiatrist to receive so great a distinction. I am certain that I voice the sentiments of my University when I say that it considers this event as an added and happily displayed feather in its richly decorated cap. The Johns Hopkins University has recognized the growing importance of child psychiatry by creating a full professorship in this discipline, and I am pleased to be the symbol of this recognition. And now your Association has indicated its desire that I speak as a child psychiatrist “as this specialty has not been covered in a Maudsley Lecture before”. To have been selected as the first spokesman for child psychiatry in this group is a thrilling experience laden with heavy responsibilities.

Social Controls and Psychiatric Theory in a Ward Setting

Psychiatry ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart E. Perry ◽  
Gertrude N. Shea
Keyword(s):  
Social Controls ◽  
Psychiatric Theory

Psychiatry of Old Age

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Wadlow
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Psychiatric Theory

This chapter of practice exam questions aims to put you, albeit briefly, in the seat of an old age psychiatrist dealing with important aspects of psychiatric disease in older adults. Our population is ageing and this, in addition to wider public understanding and earlier diagnoses of dementia, is leading to an increasing burden of disease. Furthermore it is acknowledged that the incidence of affective and psychotic disorders unexpectedly peaks again as we reach old age and can be devastating if not recognized and managed effectively. The unique challenge of psychiatry of old age is the need for a sound grasp of general medicine and neurology to tackle unusual presentations of illness and possible multiple co-morbidities, in addition to a ground­ing in psychiatric theory. There remains a great need for lateral think­ing, particularly in liaison work on the medical and surgical wards where delirium is rife and can masquerade as everything psychiatric. Within the specialty, true collaboration exists as allied health professionals and psy­chiatrists work together at problem solving to improve patients’ quality of life beyond simply offering medication. An understanding of the pathology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treat­ment of mental illness and dementia in older adults is an essential skill for any doctor at the coalface. Working with older adults is incredibly rewarding and never stops being educational to the clinician. These patients and their carers will continue to challenge and impress you throughout your career. As you manage to feel more confident with the facts, the practicalities and benefits of talking to and helping older adults become clearer. There is nothing that surpasses learning on the job, with many opportunities through attachments in psychiatry, GPs, ED, and geriatric wards. There are excellent resources available with regard to dementia, including NICE guidelines and the Alzheimer’s Society website. The aim of the following questions is to touch on a range of areas throughout the subject, taking us from first principles to practical applica­tion, through effective management, and support of older adults’ mental health and wellbeing.

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