The Impact of Family of Origin Experiences

2017 ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
Dean M. Busby ◽  
Emilie Iliff
Keyword(s):  
Family Of Origin ◽  
The Impact

Childhood-onset disability, strong ties and employment quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Baldridge ◽  
Alison M. Konrad ◽  
Mark E. Moore ◽  
Yang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skill Utilization ◽  
Employment Quality ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Persons with childhood-onset disabilities are among the most marginalized populations, often unemployed or underemployment in jobs providing neither adequate hours for financial self-sufficiency nor fulfillment through skill-utilization. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which social capital in the form of strong ties with family and friends is associated with enhanced employment outcomes for persons with childhood-onset disabilities. Design/methodology/approach Questioning the current theoretical consensus that strong social ties are unimportant to employment quality, the authors draw on disability research and opportunity, motivation and ability social capital theory to propose a model of the impact of strong ties with family and friends on paid-work-hours and skill-utilization as well as the potential moderating role of gender and disability severity. The authors then test this model using data from 1,380 people with childhood-onset disabilities and OLS regression analysis. Findings As theorized, family-of-origin-size is positively associated with hours worked. Family-of-origin-size is also associated with having more close friends and children. These strong ties, in turn, are positively associated with hours worked. The impact of having more children on hours worked and skill-utilization, however, is positive for men but non-significant for women. Originality/value This study breaks new ground by focusing on the association between strong ties with family and friends and employment quality for people with childhood-onset disabilities – a marginalized and understudied group. Findings further indicate the particular vulnerability of women with disabilities.

Level of family dysfunction and genetic influences on smoking in women

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1263-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENNETH S. KENDLER ◽  
STEVEN H. AGGEN ◽  
CAROL A. PRESCOTT ◽  
KRISTEN C. JACOBSON ◽  
MICHAEL C. NEALE
Keyword(s):  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Family Dysfunction ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Adoption Study ◽  
Twin Model ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

Background. An adoption study of alcoholism suggests that in women, the impact of genetic risk factors become greater in the presence of conflict in the family of origin. Is the same true for cigarette smoking (CS)?Method. We obtained, in a sample of 1676 twins from female–female twin pairs from a population-based register, a measure of maximum lifetime CS (divided into six ordinal categories) and family dysfunction (FD) assessed as the mean report of up to four informants (twin, co-twin, mother, father). Statistical analysis was conducted by traditional regression analysis and a moderator structural equation twin model using the computer program Mx.Results. With increasing levels of FD, maximum CS increased substantially while correlations for CS in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins decreased modestly. Regression analyses demonstrated reduced twin-pair resemblance for CS with increasing levels of FD. The best-fit structural equation model found high levels of heritability for CS and no evidence for a role of shared environment. With increasing levels of FD, the proportion of variance in CS due to genetic factors (i.e. heritability) decreased while that due to unique environmental effects increased.Conclusions. Several different statistical methods suggested that, contrary to prediction, heritability of CS decreased rather than increased with higher levels of dysfunction in the family of origin. The hypothesis that genetic effects for psychiatric and drug-use disorders become stronger in more adverse environments is not universally true.

Premarital Violence: The Impact of Family of Origin Violence, Stress, and Reciprocity

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda L. Marshall ◽  
Patricia Rose
Keyword(s):  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Love Relationships ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Families Of Origin ◽  
The Impact

Four hundred and fifty-four premarital undergraduates reported their stress and observation and experience of violence in their families of origin. They also reported the violence they have expressed and received in adult love relationships. Among females 53% to 71% of the variance in their expression and receipt of violence was accounted for by their own receipt and expression of violence (respectively) and by their having been abused as a child. This suggests that what they do is closely related to what is done to them. In contrast, among males less than 1% to 10% of the variance in their expression and receipt of violence was accounted for by the same variables. Neither negative stress ratings or the observation of violence were important explanatory variables. Surprisingly, positive stress contributed to males expressing violence.

Overcoming barriers to quality work

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Keyword(s):  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Strong Ties ◽  
Quality Work ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skill Utilization ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings The paper examines the extent to which social capital in the form of strong ties with family and friends is associated with enhanced employment outcomes for persons with childhood-onset disabilities. As theorized, family-of-origin size is positively associated with hours worked. Family-of-origin size is also associated with having more close friends and children. These strong ties, in turn, are positively associated with hours worked. The impact of having more children on hours worked and skill utilization, however, is positive for men but non-significant for women. Practical implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Exposure to Harsh Parenting and Pornography as Explanations for Males’ Sexual Coercion and Females’ Sexual Victimization

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Gordon Simons ◽  
Ronald L. Simons ◽  
Man-Kit Lei ◽  
Tara E. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Family Of Origin ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Harsh Parenting ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
Pornography Use ◽  
The Impact

Sexual violence against women is a major concern to researchers and policy makers, as well as to the general public. This study uses a sample of more than 2,000 college students to investigate the extent to which exposure to harsh parenting practices and sexually explicit materials contributes to perpetration and victimization. Findings indicate that frequent corporal punishment in the family of origin combined with consumption of pornographic materials increased the probability that males reported engaging in coercive sexual practices. For females, both frequent corporal punishment and exposure to paternal hostility combined with consumption of pornographic materials were associated with higher levels of reported sexual victimization. These results provide increased understanding of the impact of pornography use among a nonclinical sample, as well as the consequences of experiencing harsh corporal punishment in one’s family of origin, on the sexual victimization of females.

Formation of Lunar Craters and Bright Rays as a Result of Meteorite Impacts

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
K. P. Stanyukovich ◽  
V. A. Bronshten
Keyword(s):  
Explosive Charge ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorite Impacts ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Lunar Craters ◽  
The Impact

The phenomena accompanying the impact of large meteorites on the surface of the Moon or of the Earth can be examined on the basis of the theory of explosive phenomena if we assume that, instead of an exploding meteorite moving inside the rock, we have an explosive charge (equivalent in energy), situated at a certain distance under the surface.

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