THE FIRST STUDY OF THE ENDOPARASITIC FAUNA OF MUTE SWANS  (CYGNUS OLOR) IN THE NORTHERN PART OF SERBIA

In the Northern part of Serbia, which is part of Pannonian Basin, mute swan (Cygnus olor) population has notably increased over the last few decades. Like other birds from Anatidae family, mute swans are a host of numerous endoparasite species. The aim of this study was to acquire the data on identification and prevalence of endoparasites in mute swans in the Republic of Serbia, as that information is lacking. Individual faecal samples of sixty-eight adult mute swans were examined for the presence of endoparasites. Coprological examination was performed using flotation and sedimentation technique with saturated ZnSO4 solution. The samples were collected from December 2016 to March 2017, during epizootic of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 in the Republic of Serbia. Dead mute swans were collected from twelve different locations in the Northern part of Serbia. Altogether, 39.7% of the examined fecal samples contained different parasites. The endoparasitic fauna was divers and included 3 species of nematodes, 2 cestodes species, one trematode and one protozoan species. Nematodes were the most prevalent helminthes and among these the most frequent nematode species found was Heterakis dispar (17.6%), followed by Echinuria uncinata (5,8%) and Ascaridia spp. (4,4%). Four mixed infections were found, where double infection was the most prevalent. No endoparasites were found in faecal samples of mute swans collected from the locations Sombor and Titel. As this study covers a small population of mute swans, more detailed studies need to be carried out on a larger population in order to gain an insight into the diversity and prevalence of endoparasites in the Republic of Serbia.

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Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H5N1 in Mute Swans (Cygnus olor) in Central Bosnia

Avian Diseases ◽

10.1637/8705-031609-resnote.1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 54 (s1) ◽

pp. 496-501 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Teufik Goletić ◽

Abdulah Gagić ◽

Emina Rešidbegović ◽

Aida Kustura ◽

Aida Kavazović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Cygnus Olor ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus ◽

Mute Swans ◽

Avian Influenza Virus Subtype ◽

Virus Subtype

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Pathobiology of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) infection in mute swans (Cygnus olor)

Avian Pathology ◽

10.1080/03079450701341957 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 245-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Nimród Pálmai ◽

Károly Erdélyi ◽

Ádám Bálint ◽

Lázár Márton ◽

Ádám Dán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Cygnus Olor ◽

Virus H5n1 ◽

Avian Influenza Virus H5n1 ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus ◽

Mute Swans

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Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H5N1 in Mute Swans (Cygnus olor) in Central Bosnia

Avian Diseases Digest ◽

10.1637/9082-870509-digest.1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (s1) ◽

pp. e107-e108

Author(s):

Teufik Goletić ◽

Abdulah Gagić ◽

Emina ReŠidbegović ◽

Aida Kustura ◽

Aida Kavazović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza Virus ◽

Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Cygnus Olor ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus ◽

Mute Swans ◽

Avian Influenza Virus Subtype ◽

Virus Subtype

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DETECTION OF XENOBIOTIC SUBSTANCES IN MUTE SWANS’ (CYGNUS OLOR) BLOOD

Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific Conference Rural Development 2015 ◽

10.15544/rd.2015.064 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Jolanta STANKEVIČIŪTĖ ◽

Solveiga Marija BARKAUSKAITĖ ◽

Gediminas BRAZAITIS

Keyword(s):

Animal Species ◽

Wild Animal ◽

Wild Populations ◽

New Methods ◽

Negative Results ◽

Cygnus Olor ◽

Ecological Scale ◽

Literature Reviews ◽

Baseline Information ◽

Mute Swans

During recent years the attention towards the effects of xenobiotic substances on wild nature has been steadily increasing. Literature reviews have revealed that active hormone-disintegrating substances might affect the reproduction of some wild animal species. Research shows anomalies of reproduction and development in various animal groups such as birds, fish, invertebrates and reptiles. Species inhabiting water and its surroundings cause the highest concern. Due to insufficient baseline information it is difficult to determine the extent of the problem in these wild populations on an ecological scale. The research described in this article is the first attempt to analyse xenobiotic substances and evaluate possible accumulation of pharmaceuticals in animals higher up in the food chain in Lithuania. This research tests new methods for to analyse for xenobiotics substances, which might be used in the future. Blood samples of 7 swans were examined using liquid chromatography, however, no xenobiotics were detected. Negative results do not eliminate the necessity for further investigate of larger samples, other species or to search for non-pharmaceutical xenobiotics.

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Biosurveillance of Selected Pathogens with Zoonotic Potential in a Zoo

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10040428 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 428

Author(s):

Pavel Kvapil ◽

Joško Račnik ◽

Marjan Kastelic ◽

Jiřina Marková ◽

Jean-Benjamin Murat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infections ◽

Neospora Caninum ◽

Field Mouse ◽

Wild Rodents ◽

Cygnus Olor ◽

Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Zoo Animals ◽

Mute Swans

Monitoring of infectious diseases is one of the most important pillars of preventive medicine in zoos. Screening for parasitic and bacterial infections is important to keep animals and equipment safe from pathogens that may pose a risk to animal and human health. Zoos usually contain many different animal species living in proximity with people and wild animals. As an epidemiological probe, 188 animals (122 mammals, 65 birds, and one reptile) from a zoo in Slovenia were examined for selected pathogens. Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum were detected by ELISA in 38% (46/122) and 3% (4/122) of mammals, and in 0% (0/64) and 2% (1/57) of birds, respectively; the reptile (0/1) was negative. A statistically significant difference in T. gondii prevalence was found in Carnivora compared to Cetartiodactyla and primate antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi were detected by IFAT in 44% (52/118) of mammals and 20% (11/56) of birds, respectively; the reptile (0/1) was negative. Herbivores had a higher chance of being infected with E. cuniculi compared to omnivores. Antibodies to Chlamydia abortus and Coxiella burnetii were not detected in any of the 74 tested zoo animals. The sera of 39 wild rodents found in the zoo were also examined; they were negative for all three parasites. The parasite T. gondii was detected by PCR in the tissue of two mute swans (Cygnus olor), three eastern house mice (Mus musculus), one yellow-necked field mouse (Apodemus flavicollis), and one striped field mouse (A. agrarius). Positive samples were genotyped by a single multiplex PCR assay using 15 microsatellite markers; one sample from a mute swan was characterized as type II. This micro-epidemiological study offers a better understanding of pathogens in zoo animals and an understanding of the role of zoos in biosurveillance.

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Elucidating the Local Transmission Dynamics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N6 in the Republic of Korea by Integrating Phylogenetic Information

Pathogens ◽

10.3390/pathogens10060691 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 691

Author(s):

Dae-Sung Yoo ◽

Byungchul Chun ◽

Kyung-Duk Min ◽

Jun-Sik Lim ◽

Oun-Kyoung Moon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Avian Influenza ◽

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

Transmission Dynamics ◽

Republic Of Korea ◽

Transmission Risk ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽

The Republic ◽

The Impact ◽

Local Transmission

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus is one of the most virulent and infectious pathogens of poultry. As a response to HPAI epidemics, veterinary authorities implement preemptive depopulation as a controlling strategy. However, mass culling within a uniform radius of the infection site can result in unnecessary depopulation. Therefore, it is useful to quantify the transmission distance from infected premises (IPs) before determining the optimal area for preemptive depopulation. Accordingly, we analyzed the transmission risk within spatiotemporal clusters of IPs using transmission kernel estimates derived from phylogenetic clustering information on 311 HPAI H5N6 IPs identified during the 2016–2017 epidemic, Republic of Korea. Subsequently, we explored the impact of varying the culling radius on the local transmission of HPAI given the transmission risk estimates. The domestic duck farm density was positively associated with higher transmissibility. Ring culling over a radius of 3 km may be effective for areas with high dense duck holdings, but this approach does not appear to significantly reduce the risk for local transmission in areas with chicken farms. This study provides the first estimation of the local transmission dynamics of HPAI in the Republic of Korea as well as insight into determining an effective ring culling radius.

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