scholarly journals Features of various posterior cranial fossa tumors on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and their correlation with histopathological diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-88
Author(s):  
Faiz Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Posterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Protocol ◽  
Mri Diagnosis ◽  
Cranial Fossa

Purpose: To evaluate the features of various posterior cranial fossa tumors on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and correlate the MR diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis. Methodology: The MRI evaluation of patients clinically presenting with nonspecific symptoms of raised intracranial pressure was done. The MR imaging protocol included: T1W, T2W, FLAIR and post Gd T1W FS. The MRI diagnosis was correlated with histopathological diagnosis. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out in the present study. Findings: Histopathological confirmation was obtained in 38 of 46 cases. The eight patients in whom histopathologic examination was not obtained included four cases of metastasis and four cases of pontine glioma. In metastases, the primary was known. In pontine gliomas the characteristic MR findings were present and due to increased frequency of complications the risky biopsy in this area was not performed.  Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy (recommendations): The MR imaging diagnosis was found to correlate with the histopathologic diagnosis in most instances. MR imaging was found to be highly sensitive in evaluating tumor related complications. MRI showed the full extent of the tumor and involvement of the surrounding tissues, thus helping in the management of tumors. Hence it is recommended to perform MRI in cases of increased intracranial hypertension to make early and accurate diagnosis possible and hence improve the patient management.

Giant glioependymal cyst in an infant

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoma Morigaki ◽  
Kiyohito Shinno ◽  
Kyong-Hon Pooh ◽  
Yoshinobu Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
Posterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Truncal Ataxia ◽  
Glioependymal Cyst ◽  
Tela Choroidea ◽  
Cranial Fossa

The authors report the case of an infant with a giant glioependymal cyst. Although it has been suggested that these cysts originate from the tela choroidea, their origin remains controversial. This 35-month-old girl with truncal ataxia was referred to the authors' hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a giant cystic mass extending from the anterior to the posterior cranial fossa. Hydrocephalus was caused by obstruction of the sylvian aqueduct. Endoscopic fenestration of the cyst wall was performed. Histochemical and immunohistochemical staining identified the lesion as a glioependymal cyst. Magnetic resonance imaging performed 8 months later suggested that the cyst originated from the tela choroidea. At 5-year follow-up, there was no tumor recurrence and she had fully recovered. The origin of glioependymal cysts is discussed, and the authors suggest that their origin is the tela choroidea.

scholarly journals Imaging-Based Features of Headaches in Chiari Malformation Type I

Neurosurgery ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noam Alperin ◽  
James R. Loftus ◽  
Carlos J. Oliu ◽  
Ahmet M. Bagci ◽  
Sang H. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Chiari Malformation ◽  
Posterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Type I ◽  
Intracranial Volume ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chiari Malformation Type I ◽  
Intracranial Compliance ◽  
Cranial Fossa

Abstract BACKGROUND: Suboccipital cough-induced headaches are considered a hallmark symptom of Chiari malformation type I (CMI). However, non--Valsalva-related suboccipital headaches and headaches in other locations are also common in CMI. The diagnostic significance and the underlying factors associated with these different headaches types are not well understood. OBJECTIVE: To compare cranial morphology and hydrodynamics in 3 types of headaches in CMI to better understand the pathophysiological basis for the different headache characteristics. METHODS: Twenty-two cranial physiological and morphological measures were obtained with specialized magnetic resonance imaging scans from 63 symptomatic pretreated CMI patients, 40 with suboccipital headaches induced by Valsalva maneuvers (34 women; age, 36 ± 10 years), 15 with non--Valsalva-related suboccipital headaches (10 women; age, 33 ± 9 years), 8 with nonsuboccipital non--Valsalva-induced headaches (8 women; age, 39 ± 13 years), and 37 control subjects (24 women; age, 36 ± 12 years). Group differences were identified with the use of the 2-tailed Student t test. RESULTS: Posterior cranial fossa markers of CMI were similar among the 3 headache subtypes. However, the Valsalva-related suboccipital headaches cohort demonstrated a significantly lower intracranial compliance index than the non--Valsalva-related suboccipital headaches cohort (7.5 ± 3.4 vs 10.9 ± 4.9), lower intracranial volume change during the cardiac cycle (0.48 ± 0.19 vs 0.61 ± 0.16 mL), and higher magnetic resonance imaging--derived intracranial pressure (11.1 ± 4.3 vs 7.7 ± 2.8 mm Hg; P = .02). The Valsalva-related suboccipital headaches cohort had smaller intracranial and lateral ventricular volumes compared with the healthy cohort. The non--Valsalva-related suboccipital headaches cohort had reduced venous drainage through the jugular veins. CONCLUSION: Valsalva-induced worsening of occipital headaches appears to be related to a small intracranial volume rather than the smaller posterior cranial fossa. This explains the reduced intracranial compliance and corresponding higher pressure measured in CMI patients with headaches affected by Valsalva maneuvers.

scholarly journals Comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in suspected lesions in the posterior cranial fossa.

BMJ ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 299 (6695) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Teasdale ◽  
D. M. Hadley ◽  
A. Lawrence ◽  
I. Bone ◽  
H. Burton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Posterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cranial Fossa

Impairment of motor skills in children with achondroplasia—usefulness of brain and cranio-cervical junction evaluation by quantitative magnetic resonance imaging: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110558
Author(s):  
Rosalinda Calandrelli ◽  
Fabio Pilato ◽  
Luca Massimi ◽  
Roberta Onesimo ◽  
Gabriella D’Apolito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Motor Skill ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Posterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Asymptomatic Group ◽  
Symptomatic Group ◽  
Cranial Fossa

Background Most infants and children with achondroplasia show delayed motor skill development; however, some patients may have clinical consequences related to cranio-cervical junction stenosis and compression. Purpose To assess, using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), quantitative variables linked to neuromotor impairment in achondroplasic children. Material and Methods In total, 24 achondroplasic children underwent pediatric neurological assessment and were grouped in two cohorts according to relevant motor skill impairment. Achondroplasic children with (n=12) and without (n=12) motor symptoms were identified, and brain MRI scans were quantitatively evaluated. 3D fast spoiled gradient echo T1-weighted images were used to assess: supratentorial intracranial volumes (SICV); supratentorial intracranial brain volume (SICBV); SICV/SICBV ratio; posterior cranial fossa volume (PCFV); posterior cranial fossa brain volume (PCBFV); PCFV/PCFBV ratio; ventricular and extra-ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes; foramen magnum (FM) area; and jugular foramina (JF) areas. Results In both groups, SICV/SICBV ratio, supratentorial ventricular and extra-ventricular space volumes were increased while SICBV was increased only in the asymptomatic group ( P < 0.05). PCFV/PCFBV ratio, IV ventricle, infratentorial extra-ventricular spaces volumes were reduced ( P < 0.05) in the symptomatic group while PCFBV was increased only in the asymptomatic group ( P < 0.05). Foramen magnum (FM) area was more reduced in the symptomatic group than the asymptomatic group ( P < 0.05) but no correlation between FM area and ventriculomegaly was found ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Evaluation of the FM area together with infratentorial ventricular and extra-ventricular space volume reduction may be helpful in differentiating patients at risk of developing motor skill impairment. Further investigation is needed to better understand the temporal profile between imaging and motor function in order to propose possible personalized surgical treatment.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Posterior Cranial Fossa

1988 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galdino E. Valvassori ◽  
Mariano Guzman
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Posterior Cranial Fossa ◽  
Magnetic Characteristics ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Glomus Tumors ◽  
Surface Coils ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Cranial Fossa ◽  
Base Of The Skull

Magnetic resonance imaging has acquired a leading role in the assessment of the posterior cranial fossa, base of the skull, and neck. Several technical improvements, such as further refinement of surface coils, fast scanning, and paramagnetic agents, have enhanced the diagnostic capability of this imaging technique. It is extremely useful in the differentiation of pathologic processes arising from or involving the petrous pyramids, such as congenital cholesteatomas, cholesterol granulomas, and glomus tumors. It is the study of choice for both extra- and intra-axial lesions in the posterior cranial fossa. The magnetic characteristics of the most common lesions are reviewed in this paper.

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