scholarly journals Clinical Analysis of Four Maternity Deaths in Iraq by COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-189
Author(s):  
Asmaa R. Thamir ◽  
Ban H. Hameed ◽  
Vian A. Ismael ◽  
Wassan Nori Hassan ◽  
Abeer Makki Salamit
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Case Collection ◽  
Death Cases

  This study aims to identify maternal death cases caused by Coronavirus infection 2019 pneumonia, including disease progression, fetal consequences, and the fatality cause. Patients and methodology: A retrospective case collection of Iraqi pregnant women in their second and third trimesters diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia and died due to it. The four cases were all of a young age, had a brief complaint period, and had no comorbidities. Fever, dyspnea, and fatigue were the most common symptoms. Hypoxia was present in all cases and was the cause of mortality in three cases, with thromboembolism being a potential cause in the fourth. Prelabour membrane breakup, fetal growth restriction, and fetal death are all examples of adverse fetal effects. Conclusion: COVID-19 pneumonia induces substantial fetal and maternal mortality rates through pregnancy, which should be considered when treating these cases.

Development of Structures and Transport Functions in the Mouse Placenta

Physiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica D. Watson ◽  
James C. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Nutrient Transport ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Mouse Mutants ◽  
Mouse Placenta

The placenta is essential for sustaining the growth of the fetus during gestation, and defects in its function result in fetal growth restriction or, if more severe, fetal death. Several molecular pathways have been identified that are essential for development of the placenta, and mouse mutants offer new insights into the cell biology of placental development and physiology of nutrient transport.

scholarly journals Consensus Definition of Fetal Growth Restriction in Intrauterine Fetal Death: A Delphi Procedure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Maria Beune ◽  
Stefanie Elisabeth Damhuis ◽  
Wessel Ganzevoort ◽  
John Ciaran Hutchinson ◽  
Teck Yee Khong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Definition Of

Context.— Fetal growth restriction is a risk factor for intrauterine fetal death. Currently, definitions of fetal growth restriction in stillborn are heterogeneous. Objectives.— To develop a consensus definition for fetal growth restriction retrospectively diagnosed at fetal autopsy in intrauterine fetal death. Design.— A modified online Delphi survey in an international panel of experts in perinatal pathology, with feedback at group level and exclusion of nonresponders. The survey scoped all possible variables with an open question. Variables suggested by 2 or more experts were scored on a 5-point Likert scale. In subsequent rounds, inclusion of variables and thresholds were determined with a 70% level of agreement. In the final rounds, participants selected the consensus algorithm. Results.— Fifty-two experts participated in the first round; 88% (46 of 52) completed all rounds. The consensus definition included antenatal clinical diagnosis of fetal growth restriction OR a birth weight lower than third percentile OR at least 5 of 10 contributory variables (risk factors in the clinical antenatal history: birth weight lower than 10th percentile, body weight at time of autopsy lower than 10th percentile, brain weight lower than 10th percentile, foot length lower than 10th percentile, liver weight lower than 10th percentile, placental weight lower than 10th percentile, brain weight to liver weight ratio higher than 4, placental weight to birth weight ratio higher than 90th percentile, histologic or gross features of placental insufficiency/malperfusion). There was no consensus on some aspects, including how to correct for interval between fetal death and delivery. Conclusions.— A consensus-based definition of fetal growth restriction in fetal death was determined with utility to improve management and outcomes of subsequent pregnancies.

scholarly journals Morbilidade na Prematuridade Associada a Restrição do Crescimento Fetal e nos Prematuros Leves para a Idade Gestacional: Experiência de um Centro de Referência

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 648
Author(s):  
Noémia Rosado da Silva ◽  
Joana Oliveira ◽  
Alberto Berenguer ◽  
André M. Graça ◽  
Margarida Abrantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Retrospective Case

Introduction: Prematurity and low birth weight have been associated with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate possible risk factors for prematurity associated with fetal growth restriction and being small for gestational age and to determine the incidence of morbidity in these two groups of infants.Material and Methods: Retrospective case-control study of newborns with gestational age of less than 32 weeks, with obstetric diagnosis of fetal growth restriction and with the clinical diagnosis of small for gestational age, admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary hospital for a period of six years.Results: A total of 356 newborns were studied, with an incidence of 11% of fetal growth restriction and 18% of small for gestational age. Pre-eclampsia was the risk factor for gestation with higher statistical significance (47% vs 16%, p < 0.001) in small for gestational age newborns. There was also a higher incidence of mild bronchopulmonary dysplasia (66% vs 38%, p = 0.005), late sepsis (59% vs 37%, p = 0.003), retinopathy of prematurity (58% vs 26%, p = 0.003) and necrotizing enterocolitis (20% vs 9%, p = 0.005). Mortality was similar in all three groups.Discussion: There were fewer newborn males diagnosed with fetal growth restriction during pregnancy compared to women. Significant differences were observed in the group of these infants regarding the occurrence of chorioamnionitis and pre-eclampsia in comparison to the control group. Newborns with fetal growth restriction and small for age had higher scores on clinical risk indices compared to the control group. In general, small for gestational age newborns had a higher incidence of morbidity than infants with fetal growth restriction and the control group.Conclusion: Advances in neonatal intensive care decreased mortality in preterm infants. However, there are still significant differences in the incidence of morbidity in newborns with growth compromise. The collaboration between obstetricians and neonatologists provides the basis for a correct clinical evaluation, early signaling and global intervention on these newborns, with a significant impact on short and long-term prognosis.

MATERNALAND FETAL OUTCOME OF BURNS DURING PREGNANCY IN A RURAL TEACHING HOSPITAL IN EASTERN PART OF INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Sabyasachi Ray ◽  
Jagriti Pandey ◽  
Barunabha Pal
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Fetal Mortality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rural Teaching

Burns during pregnancy inuence maternal as well as fetal outcome. Keeping this in view this study was undertaken to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome in relation to burn extent, gestational age and etiology of burns. This descriptive observational study was performed over three years period. Atotal of 16 cases of burn females with pregnancy were analyzed. There were 6 (37.5%) maternal death and 9 (56.25%) fetal deaths in our study. The mean percentage of total burn surface area (TBSA) was signicantly higher in cases of maternal or fetal death (p ≤0.0001 and 0.0001 respectively). The maternal and fetal mortality rates were also signicantly higher when the burn was suicidal (p≤0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). Gestational age appeared unrelated to maternal mortality and the rate of fetal mortality decreased with increasing gestational age. Percentage of TBSAburn, suicidal burn injury was correlated with a higher maternal and fetal mortality.

scholarly journals Prenatal Diagnosis of a Placental Infarction Hematoma Associated with Fetal Growth Restriction, Preeclampsia and Fetal Death: Clinicopathological Correlation

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Aurioles-Garibay ◽  
Edgar Hernandez-Andrade ◽  
Roberto Romero ◽  
Faisal Qureshi ◽  
Hyunyoung Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Clinicopathological Correlation

scholarly journals Massive Subchorionic Thrombohematoma (Breus’ Mole) Associated with Fetal Growth Restriction, Oligohydramnios, and Intrauterine Fetal Death

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Miyuki Miyagi ◽  
Tadatsugu Kinjo ◽  
Keiko Mekaru ◽  
Hayase Nitta ◽  
Hitoshi Masamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Japanese Woman ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Chorionic Plate

Massive subchorionic thrombohematoma (MST), termed Breus’ mole, is a rare condition in which a large maternal blood clot separates the chorionic plate from the villous chorion. Common complications of MST include fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, and intrauterine fetal death. Here, we present a case of a 17-year-old Japanese woman referred to our institution at 21 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound examination revealed a large placental mass with mixed high and low echogenicity measuring approximately 7.6 cm in thickness. Doppler examination showed absence of end-diastolic velocity of the umbilical artery. At 22 weeks of gestation, the patient had a stillbirth weighing 138g. The placenta weighed 502 g and was 8 cm thick, and the total blood loss was 270 g. Macroscopic examination revealed that a subchorionic blood clot measuring 12 cm × 5 cm covered a large portion of the placenta with well-defined margins on the fetal surface. Microscopic examination revealed an intervillous hematoma and fibrinous deposits directly beneath the chorionic plate with adjacent compressive effects. Based on these findings, MST was diagnosed. Because MST is rare, it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of parental conditions. Magnetic resonance imaging can be optimal for diagnosing MST when ultrasound diagnosis is difficult.

Sudden fetal death of a co-twin as a complication of intrafetal laser surgery and placenta examination with dye

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Erenel ◽  
Sevim Ozge Korkmaz ◽  
Mehmet Fatih Karsli ◽  
Aysegul Ozel ◽  
Cihat Sen
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Laser Surgery ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Fetal Anomaly ◽  
Distinct Entity ◽  
Fetal Demise

Abstract Monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancy is a distinct entity and has certain differences from dichorionic twins due to the unique placental angioarchitecture. It is characterized by twin-to-twin transfusion syndromes (twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence and twin anemia-polycythemia sequence), acardiac twinning, selective fetal growth restriction and congenital anomalies. Selective termination is an option in MC twins complicated by selective fetal growth restriction and discordant fetal anomaly. Fetal demise of the co-twin can occur even after uncomplicated surgery. A selective fetal termination using an intrafetal laser was performed in the case of an MC twin pregnancy complicated by twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence and hydrocephalus in the donor twin. Fetal demise of the co-twin was observed after surgery. The placenta was examined with dye injections after abortion and showed vascular anastomoses causing unexpected fetal demise.

FETAL GROWTH RESTRICTION WITH EARLY AND LATE MANIFESTATION, PROGNOSTIC MARKERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Yakubova D.I.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Prenatal Screening ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Late Manifestation ◽  
Late Form ◽  
Early Manifestation

Objective of the study: Comprehensive assessment of risk factors, the implementation of which leads to FGR with early and late manifestation. To evaluate the results of the first prenatal screening: PAPP-A, B-hCG, made at 11-13 weeks. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study included 110 pregnant women. There were 48 pregnant women with early manifestation of fetal growth restriction, 62 pregnant women with late manifestation among them. Results of the study: The risk factors for the formation of the FGR are established. Statistically significant differences in the indicators between groups were not established in the analyses of structures of extragenital pathology. According to I prenatal screening, there were no statistical differences in levels (PAPP-A, b-hCG) in the early and late form of FGR.

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