Status, Distribution, and Conservation of Native Freshwater Fishes of Western North America

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The Status ◽  
Bonneville Basin ◽  
Leatherside Chub

ABSTRACT Outside of anadromous salmonids and a few endangered species, the biology of native freshwater fishes of western North America is poorly known. What do we need to know to effectively manage native species and avoid decline and extinction? A recent analysis of the role of science in the Pacific salmon controversy outlines a clear framework for biological evaluation and management of native species. This framework has three components: (1) determine the status of populations based on genetic and ecological variation, (2) identify and quantify threats to populations, and (3) determine actions to alleviate threats and promote conservation of populations.We use our studies of leatherside chub <em>Gila copei</em> (also known as <em>Snyderichthys copei</em>), a small cyprinid native to the Bonneville basin and upper Snake River drainage, as a case study to illustrate the application of this research and management framework. Recent surveys have revealed dramatic reductions in range of leatherside chub over the last 50 years. Genetic, morphometric, and ecological studies all indicate that leatherside chub comprise two distinct species. Leatherside chub is threatened by both habitat degradation and introduced brown trout <em>Salmo trutta</em>, and the interaction between these two threats exacerbates negative effects.We conclude by showing how studies of leatherside chub can inform and influence management, conservation, and habitat restoration activities.

ANARTA CORDIGERA (THUNBERG) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE: HADENINAE), A SPECIES COMPLEX

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (10) ◽  
pp. 931-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Lafontaine ◽  
K. Mikkola ◽  
V.S. Kononenko
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Far East ◽  
Bursa Copulatrix ◽  
Western North America ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Holarctic Species

AbstractThe status of Anarta cordigera (Thunberg, 1788), formerly treated as a circumboreal holarctic species, is reassessed in the light of characters of the male vesica and female bursa copulatrix. Populations are arranged in four species: A. cordigera in Europe; A. carbonaria Christoph, 1893 in Siberia and the Far East; A. luteola Grote and Robinson, 1865 in North America; and A. macrostigma Lafontaine and Mikkola, new species, in western North America. Adults and genitalia are illustrated for the four species.

scholarly journals Assessing the spread and potential impact of Prussian Carp Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782) to freshwater fishes in western North America

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Docherty ◽  
Jonathan Ruppert ◽  
Tyana Rudolfsen ◽  
Andreas Hamann ◽  
Mark Poesch
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Freshwater Fishes ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Prussian Carp ◽  
Carassius Gibelio ◽  
Potential Impact

Geometric morphometric analysis discriminates native and non-native species of Caprellidae in western North America

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva I. Riedlecker ◽  
Gail V. Ashton ◽  
Gregory M. Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Spline Method ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Geometric Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Caprella Mutica

Characteristics of the second gnathopod are traditionally used to distinguish between species of caprellid amphipods. However, these distinctions are often subjective and can be variable within a species. Geometric morphometrics were used to quantitatively assess shape variation of the second gnathopod propodus of three species of caprellids in North America, including the non-native Caprella mutica. Gnathopod shapes of C. mutica specimens from different latitudes revealed distinct morphologies; the factors responsible for the shape variations are unknown. Allometric change of propodus shape was observed in C. mutica. Larger individuals showed a wide array of possible propodus morphologies. Despite this variability, there were clear differences between large specimens of C. mutica and two species native to North America: C. alaskana and C. kennerlyi. The use of geometric morphometrics and the thin-plate spline method can serve to both complement descriptions using traditional keys and aid in identification of non-native species in novel geographical regions.

scholarly journals Do Golden Eagles Warrant Special Concern Based on Migration Counts in the Western United States? Reply to Mccaffery and Mcintyre

The Condor ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-475
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Hoffman ◽  
Jeff P. Smith
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Sagebrush Steppe ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Aquila Chrysaetos ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
Golden Eagles ◽  
The Status ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Special Concern

Abstract In Hoffman and Smith (2003), we summarized two decades of raptor migration count data from western North America. McCaffery and McIntyre (2005) offer an extensive critique of the “conclusions” we drew from these data concerning the migration ecology and status of western Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos). Many of their specific points about data limitations are well taken. Contrary to the flavor of their critique, however, we were not offering any definitive conclusions about the status or habits of eagles. Rather, we merely sought to describe the tendencies in the data and offer reasonable speculation about potential underlying causes of the documented patterns and trends. Our primary goal was to challenge colleagues to help us carefully consider our data and help formulate reasonable hypotheses about causal factors. We welcome and applaud McCaffery and McIntyre's (2005) thorough review of our work and genuine concern for guarding against unwarranted speculation. We believe, however that the depth of their critique was unjustified because the precision of the migration count data we presented simply is not sufficient to support detailed inspection of every annual change. Moreover, while we cannot disagree with them concerning the limits of the migration data we presented, we stand firmly behind our contention that there are indeed reasons to be concerned about the status of Golden Eagles in western North America, particularly within the sagebrush-steppe ecoregion. ¿Es el Estatus de Aquila chrysaetos Especialmente Preocupante de Acuerdo a los Conteos Migratorios del Oeste de los Estados Unidos?: Respuesta a McCaffery y McIntyre Resumen. En un trabajo previo (Hoffman and Smith 2003), resumimos datos sobre conteos de migración de rapaces realizados en el oeste de Norte América. McCaffery y McIntyre (2005) presentan una extensa crítica de las “conclusiones” que sacamos a partir de esos datos con respecto a la ecología de migración y el estatus de la especie Aquila chrysaetos. Muchos de sus argumentos específicos sobre las limitaciones de los datos son acertados. Sin embargo, en contraste con el tono de su crítica, en nuestro estudio no ofrecimos conclusiones definitivas sobre el estatus o los hábitos de A. chrysaetos. En cambio, simplemente quisimos describir las tendencias de los datos y presentar especulaciones razonables sobre las posibles causas de los patrones y tendencias documentados. Nuestro principal objetivo era desafiar a nuestros colegas para que nos ayudaran a considerar nuestros datos cuidadosamente y a formular hipótesis razonables sobre los factores causales. Por tanto, recibimos con beneplácito la revisión exhaustiva de nuestro trabajo hecha por McCaffery y McIntyre (2005) y su interés genuino en evitar especulaciones no fundamentadas. Sin embargo, creemos que la profundidad de su crítica no es justificable porque la precisión de los datos de los conteos de migración que presentamos es simplemente insuficiente para permitir la inspección detallada de todos los cambios anuales. Más aún, aunque no podemos estar en desacuerdo con ellos en cuanto a las limitaciones de los datos que presentamos, mantenemos firmemente nuestro argumento de que de hecho existen razones para estar preocupados por el estatus de A. chrysaetos en el oeste de Norte América, particularmente en la ecorregión de estepas y matorrales de Artemisia.

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