scholarly journals Spatial and temporal aspects of high streamflow periods within the Danube drainage basin in Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-22
Author(s):  
Kalin SEYMENOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Threshold Level ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Danube River ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Daily Discharge ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Positive Correlations

High flow events are the main prerequisites for floods with negative social and environmental consequences. Their study under uncertain and changing climate gives informative knowledge for further management decisions. This paper seeks to analyze the spatio-temporal parameters of high flow periods within the Danube drainage basin in Bulgaria. Three characteristics of the hazard phenomena: time of occurring, frequency and duration are investigated. The analysis is based on daily discharge data collected from 20 gauging stations for the period 2000–2005. The surplus water quantities are identified by the Threshold level method using fixed values – Q25 and Q5, derived from the flow duration curve. Results show a concentration of the high flow periods during the spring hydrological season, with an average duration up to six weeks. The calculations establish positive correlations between the duration of high flow, the altitude of catchments, and the density of drainage network. The resulting information can serve as a support for the development of preliminary flood risk assessments in the Danube River Basin.

scholarly journals Analysis of extreme hydrological Events on THE danube using the Peak Over Threshold method

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Bačová-Mitková ◽  
Milan Onderka
Keyword(s):  
Danube River ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Series Length ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Peak Over Threshold ◽  
Peak Over Threshold Method ◽  
Daily Discharge ◽  
Extreme Hydrological Events

Analysis of extreme hydrological Events on THE danube using the Peak Over Threshold methodThe Peak Over Threshold Method (POT) was used as an alternative technique to the traditional analysis of annual discharge maxima of the Danube River. The POT method was applied to a time-series of daily discharge values covering a period of 60 years (1931-1990) at the following gauge stations: Achleiten, Kienstock, Wien, Bratislava and Nagymaros. The first part of the paper presents the use of the POT method and how it was applied to daily discharges. All mean daily discharges exceeding a defined threshold were considered in the POT analysis. Based on the POT waves independence criteria the maximum daily discharge data were selected. Two theoretical log-normal (LN) and Log-Pearson III (LP3) distributions were used to calculate the probability of exceeding annual maximum discharges. Performance of the POT method was compared to the theoretical distributions (LN, LP3). The influence of the data series length on the estimation of theN-year discharges by POT method was carried out too. Therefore, with regard to later regulations along the Danube channel bank the 40, 20 and 10-year time data series were chosen in early of the 60-year period and second analysed time data series were selected from the end of the 60-year period. Our results suggest that the POT method can provide adequate and comparable estimates ofN-year discharges for more stations with short temporal coverage.

scholarly journals HYDROLOGICAL ASPECT OF BATANG ALAI WEIR WATERSHED DUE TO LAND USE CHANGES INTO MINING AREAS

CERUCUK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Achmad Surian Nur ◽  
M. Azhari Noor
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Flood Discharge ◽  
Daily Discharge

The policy of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources that provides permits for mining production activities for PT. MCM in the Batang Alai River area has an impact on the hydrology of the area. This study will discuss the changes in land use in the Batang Alai River area, Batang Alai Timur District, Hulu Sungai Tengah to the aspects of high flow and low flow hydrology.          The research method used is manual calculation with rational methods for high flow hydrology and calculations using the ArcSWAT 2012.10.1.18 for low flow hydrology. The data needed in the processing are rainfall data, DEM data, daily discharge data, climatology data, land use data, land use change data, and Batang Alai watershed data.          The results of the study were that the ratio of peak discharge of land use was changed to the mining area and land use was not converted into a mining area for high flow hydrology calculations. There is an increase in plan flood discharge in the Batang Alai River if there is a change in land use into a mining area, the design flood discharge always increases in each period. Whereas for low flow hydrology is the comparison between the daily use of land use converted into a mining area and land use is not converted into a mining area, then the daily discharge results are calculated for the availability of water. The results of low-flow hydrological modeling are categorized as good and have high influence based on the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency value grouping and the coefficient of determination, and water availability decreases if land use is converted into a mining area.

A Conceptual Framework for Dynamic Location—Allocation Analysis

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
E S Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Programming Models ◽  
Theoretical Level ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Location Allocation ◽  
Plant Construction ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Dynamic Location ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Construction Model ◽  
Taxonomic Tree

To date, much of the work published on the problems of plant construction has been restricted to either determining the timing of the building, or forming static location—allocation models, with little attempt to combine the spatial and temporal aspects into one solution. By construction of a taxonomic tree, this paper demonstrates that the capacity expansion and the location—allocation solutions are just the simplest instances of a whole class of models. Formulation of these various possibilities is undertaken and it is shown that a fully integrated spatio—temporal plant-construction model can be derived, at least at the theoretical level. Although the derivations are in the form of deterministic programming models, the concluding section of the paper suggests possible ways in which these might be reformulated to allow for the fact that most planning takes place in an uncertain environment.

Perfil decisional, género y práctica deportiva en deporte en edad escolar (Decisional profile, gender and sports practice in sports at school age)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 379-387
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Vázquez Ramos ◽  
Patricia Irene Sosa-González ◽  
Juan De Pablos Pons
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
School Age ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Gender And Sports ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
The One

  El objetivo de este estudio ha sido determinar el perfil decisional de chicos y chicas en edad escolar basado en aspectos espacio-temporales a través del software “Juego Interactivo de Voleibol” (JIVBⓇ), en función de diferentes variables: dificultad espacio-temporal, tipo de práctica deportiva, edad, sexo y tiempo de práctica deportiva. La muestra ha sido conformada por la totalidad de los clubes de categoría infantil de la ciudad de Sevilla de las modalidades de balonmano, voleibol y atletismo, así como de alumnado de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) de un Instituto de Enseñanza Secundaria que no practicaba más actividad físico-deportiva que la realizada en sus clases de educación física. Además, para completar la muestra a nivel deportivo se optó por incluir a un club de voleibol y a un club de atletismo de poblaciones limítrofes con Sevilla capital, quedando la muestra final constituida por 109 participantes, de ambos sexos, de 12-14 años. Para determinar el perfil decisional se utilizó el JIVB y se llevaron a cabo análisis descriptivos e inferenciales. Los resultados muestran que no existen diferencias significativas en la capacidad de toma de decisiones, aunque sí se puede hablar de tendencias.  Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the decisional profile of school-age boys and girls based on spatio-temporal aspects through the software "Interactive Volleyball Game" (JIVBⓇ), based on different variables: spatio-temporal difficulty, type of sports practice, age, sex and time of sports practice. The sample has been made up of all the children's category clubs in the city of Seville in the modalities of handball, volleyball and athletics, as well as students of Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO) of a Secondary Education Institute that did not practice anymore physical-sporting activity than the one carried out in their physical education classes. In addition, to complete the sample at the sporting level, it was decided to include a volleyball club and an athletics club from neighboring towns with Seville, leaving the final sample consisting of 109 participants, of both sexes, aged 12-14 years. To determine the decisional profile, the JIVB was used and descriptive and inferential analyzes were carried out. The results show that there are no significant differences in decision-making capacity, although it is possible to speak of trends.

The effects of the Syrian civil war on atmospheric NH3 as seen from IASI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimal Abeed ◽  
Sarah Safieddine ◽  
Lieven Clarisse ◽  
Martin Van Damme ◽  
Pierre-François Coheur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Syrian Civil War ◽  
Agricultural Emissions ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Ammonia Plant ◽  
Political Economic

<p>The Syrian civil war started in 2011, with dramatic social, political, economic, and environmental consequences over the whole area of Syria and nearby countries. Agriculture, in particular, suffered massively. Several studies used satellite-retrieved data and imagery to examine the spatio-temporal changes in the region, due to the civil war. For instance, open-source satellite imagery could show the damage in urban areas, and provide an estimate of the number of people affected by the crisis.</p><p>In this study, we investigate the impacts of the Syrian civil war on atmospheric ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>) emitted from industrial and agricultural activities during the 2008-2019 period. Our analyses are based on the NH<sub>3</sub> measurements from the IASI instruments onboard the Metop satellites. Firstly, land-use changes and a decrease in agricultural emissions are explored over the country. We also investigate the changes in atmospheric NH<sub>3</sub> over an ammonia plant, which activities have been suspended due to several conflict-related events. We show that the NH<sub>3</sub> columns retrieved from IASI are directly affected by the war, and those periods of intense conflict and siege are reflected in lower NH<sub>3</sub> concentrations, which are not driven by meteorology. The interpretation of the identified changes in atmospheric NH<sub>3</sub> is supported by the analyses of NO<sub>2</sub> columns from GOME-2 as well as satellite imagery and land cover data. The latter is used to highlight the change in croplands’ area over the years, and the satellite images are used to show the activity of the ammonia plant.</p>

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