scholarly journals To Doppler or Not to Doppler: From Doppler Ultrasound to Color Doppler to Doppler in 3D and Beyond

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivica Zalud ◽  
William Goh
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
4D Ultrasound ◽  
3D Power Doppler

ABSTRACT This review aims to provide the reader with an update on the present and potential clinical applications in Doppler ultrasound in perinatal medicine. Umbilical artery Doppler plays an important role in the management of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and pre-eclampsia and aids in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome management while notching in the waveform is a predictor of umbilical cord abnormalities. Middle cerebral artery Doppler reliably detects fetal anemia and may be useful in the assessment of IUGR as well. Abnormal uterine artery Doppler may play a role in predicting growth restriction, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and preterm delivery. Abnormal ductus venosus waveforms can also be used to predict adverse fetal outcome and may allow for better timing of delivery while umbilical venous pulsations may be a sensitive marker for fetal heart failure in hydropic pregnancies. 3D power Doppler allows better small vessel visualization that is not affected by angle of insonation and has been used to diagnose placental and cord abnormalities. Significant improvements have recently occurred, improving the visualization and evaluation of placental vascularity, resulting from enhancements in delineation of tissue detail through electronic compounding and harmonics as well as enhancements in signal processing of frequency- and/or amplitude-based color Doppler ultrasound. Spatial representation of vascularity can be improved by utilizing 3D processing. Greater sensitivity of 3D Doppler ultrasound to macro- and microvascular flow has provided improved anatomic and physiologic assessment throughout pregnancy. The rapid development of these new ultrasound techniques will continue to enlarge the scope of clinical applications in placental studies. As clinical experience with these new technologies increases and as the technology improves further, it is reasonable to expect that 3D Doppler and 4D ultrasound will be complementary addition to well-established 2D Doppler ultrasound imaging.

scholarly journals To Doppler or not to Doppler

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
William A Goh ◽  
Zalud Ivica
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Ductus Venosus ◽  
4D Ultrasound ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
3D Power Doppler

This review aims to provide the reader with an update on the present and potential clinical applications in Doppler ultrasound in perinatal medicine. Umbilical artery Doppler plays an important role in the management of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preeclampsia and aids in twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome management while notching in the waveform is a predictor of umbilical cord abnormalities. Middle cerebral artery Doppler reliably detects fetal anemia and may be useful in the assessment of IUGR as well. Abnormal uterine artery Doppler may play a role in predicting growth restriction, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and preterm delivery. Abnormal ductus venosus waveforms can also be used to predict adverse fetal outcome and may allow for better timing of delivery while umbilical venous pulsations may be a sensitive marker for fetal heart failure in hydropic pregnancies. 3D power Doppler allows better small vessel visualization that is not affected by angle of insonation and has been used to diagnose placental and cord abnormalities. Significant improvements have recently occurred, improving the visualization and evaluation of placental vascularity, resulting from enhancements in delineation of tissue detail through electronic compounding and harmonics, as well as enhancements in signal processing of frequency- and/ or amplitude-based color Doppler ultrasound. Spatial representation of vascularity can be improved by utilizing 3D processing. Greater sensitivity of 3D Doppler ultrasound to macro- and microvascular flow has provided improved anatomic and physiologic assessment throughout pregnancy. The rapid development of these new ultrasound techniques will continue to enlarge the scope of clinical applications in placental studies. As clinical experience with these new technologies increase and as the technology improves further, it is reasonable to expect that 3D Doppler and 4D ultrasound will be complementary addition to well established 2D Doppler ultrasound imaging.

Placental Blood Flow by Three-dimensional Doppler Ultrasound

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivica Zalud
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Color Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Placental Blood Flow

ABSTRACT This review aims to provide the reader with an overview of the potential clinical applications in three-dimensional (3D) Doppler ultrasound for the evaluation of vascularity and blood flow within the placenta. Significant innovations have recently occurred, improving the visualization and evaluation of placental vascularity, resulting from enhancements in delineation of tissue detail through electronic compounding and harmonics, as well as enhancements in signal processing of frequencyand/ or amplitude-based color Doppler ultrasound. Spatial representation of vascularity can be improved by utilizing 3D processing. Greater sensitivity of 3D Doppler ultrasound to macro- and microvascular flow has provided improved anatomical and physiologic assessment throughout pregnancy. The rapid development of these new sonographic techniques will continue to enlarge the scope of clinical applications in placental studies. Three-dimensional Doppler sonography is a unique ultrasound technique that enables assessment of vascular signals within the whole investigated area. Homodynamic changes included in the process of placentation are one of the most exciting topics in the investigation of early human development. How to cite this article Zalud I. Placental Blood Flow by Threedimensional Doppler Ultrasound. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):55-62.

scholarly journals Role of Ultrasound in the Assessment of Postmenopausal Bleeding

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kallie Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Uterine Leiomyosarcoma ◽  
Postmenopausal Bleeding ◽  
3D Power Doppler ◽  
Case Based

ABSTRACT Uterine bleeding is a symptom seen by gynecologists in approximately 70% of their visits with women of peri and postmenopausal age. A common symptom, postmenopausal bleeding sometimes can be indicative of malignant pathology. While traditional diagnosis took place via endometrial biopsy, diagnosis is trending toward the use of ultrasound. Benefits of ultrasound include its noninvasive nature, decreased cost, and increased accuracy in diagnosis of postmenopausal bleeding. We present a case-based approach to the usage of various ultrasonography techniques including 2D and color Doppler ultrasound, saline infusion sonography (SIS), 3D and 3D power Doppler ultrasound, as complements to traditional diagnosis of endometrial biopsy. In each of the cases, ultrasonography reveals the diagnosis of postmenopausal pathologies, including atrophic endometrium, endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia, and the malignant pathology, such as endometrial carcinoma, uterine leiomyosarcoma and cervical carcinoma. By the end of our case-based discussion, learners are encouraged to test their knowledge in self-assessment quiz. How to cite this article Appleton K, Plavsic SK. Role of Ultrasound in the Assessment of Postmenopausal Bleeding. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2012;6(2):197-206.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional Power Doppler Ultrasound Study of the Placenta

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-409
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Hata ◽  
Sarah Cajusay-Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Power Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Ultrasound Study ◽  
3D Power Doppler

ABSTRACT Advanced ultrasound technology has been a valuable tool in the assessment of placental anatomy and physiology. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) sonography reveals placental morphological characteristics, 2D color Doppler can assess blood flow in the placenta, 2D power Doppler can evaluate placental vascular trees, and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound gives more detailed information on the surface anatomy. Recent advances, such as 3D power Doppler with virtual organ computer aided-analysis (VOCAL) and histogram analysis can measure the placental volume, and assess uteroplacental and fetoplacental perfusions. In particular, ‘placental vascular sonobiopsy’ can specifically evaluate the second- and thirdtrimester placental blood flow and vascularity by obtaining several spherical samples from the placenta that will represent the entire placenta. This article presents normal placental development and pathological findings of the placenta using 3D power Doppler ultrasound, and discusses 3D power Doppler assessments of placental perfusion in high-risk pregnancies, such as fetal growth restriction, pregnancy-induced hypertension and preeclampsia, and, from this basis, re-establishes the importance of 3D power Doppler ultrasound as a screening, diagnostic, and surveillance tool in normal and abnormal pregnancies. How to cite this article Tanaka H, Cajusay-Velasco S, Noguchi J, Hata T. Three-dimensional Power Doppler Ultrasound Study of the Placenta. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(4):400-409.

3D-Power Doppler Ultrasound of Breast Lesions with a Microbubble Contrast Agent

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. S384-S385 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R Krestan ◽  
C Riedl ◽  
M Memarsadeghi ◽  
M Rudas ◽  
G Pfarl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Power Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Microbubble Contrast Agent ◽  
3D Power Doppler

scholarly journals P43.05: Assessment of benign ovarian masses with the use of 3D and 3D power Doppler ultrasound

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-615
Author(s):  
N. Vrachnis ◽  
A. Alamanou ◽  
Z. Iliodromiti ◽  
A. Pavlaki ◽  
D. Botsis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Power Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
3D Power Doppler ◽  
Ovarian Masses

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Power Doppler Analysis of Cerebral Circulation in Normal and Growth-Restricted Fetuses

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1609-1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose L Bartha ◽  
Eva M Moya ◽  
Blas Hervías-Vivancos
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Power Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
3D Power Doppler ◽  
Doppler Indices ◽  
Vascularization Index

The objective of the present study was to evaluate fetal cerebral circulation by using three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler ultrasound in normal and growth-restricted fetuses. A total of 100 normal grown fetuses were compared with other 25 with growth restriction (FGR). Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound was used to assess fetal cerebral 3D vascular indices: vascularization index, flow index (FI), and vascularization flow index (VFI). Both FI and VFI correlated positively with gestational age. On average, all the 3D vascular indices were increased in fetuses with FGR. The proportion of fetuses detected as having hemodynamic redistribution was higher when using 3D power Doppler indices than by means of the middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (52% versus 20%, P = 0.002). In conclusion, two of the three indices increased during gestation. All the fetal cerebral 3D vascular indices are increased in fetuses with FGR. In these fetuses, there were more cases suggesting hemodynamic redistribution than expected by conventional Doppler studies.

The use of 3D power doppler ultrasound in the quantification of blood vessels in uterine fibroids: Feasibility and reproducibility

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotte L. Nieuwenhuis ◽  
Heleen E. Betjes ◽  
Wouter J.K. Hehenkamp ◽  
Martijn W. Heymans ◽  
Hans A.M. Brolmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Power Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
3D Power Doppler
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