Civil Society and Electoral Process: From Illusion to Reality

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lidauer

While the general elections in Myanmar in November 2010 were widely condemned, both national and international actors approached the by-elections of April 2012 as a political rite-de-passage to improve relations between the government and the opposition inside, and between the former pariah state and the international community outside the country. An undercurrent of the government-led transition process from an authoritarian to a formally more democratic regime was the development of a politically oriented civil society that found ways to engage in the electoral process. This article describes the emerging spaces of election-related civil society activism in the forms of civic and voter education, national election observation, and election-related agency in the media. Noting that, in particular, election observation helps connect civil society to regional and international debates, the paper draws preliminary conclusions about further developments ahead of the general elections in Myanmar expected to take place in 2015.


Author(s):  
Samuel Agbesi

Literature reviewed confirm challenges in the electoral process in developing countries like Ghana. These challenges are mainly Institutional and Technical challenges. The Institutional challenges come from the electoral commission, security agencies such as the Police, and civil society groups that are not well equipped to lend their full support to the electoral process, and also electoral challenges can be identified in three stages, pre-election, during election, and after election. And it is assumed that e-voting system when adopted will resolve this electoral challenges, but the system design should be approach from the Socio-technical perspective so that the system will not fail after implementation.


Election as a process of selecting those that will represent the interest of the masses need to be free, fair and credible. For an election to be credible, free and fair in which its result would be accepted by all, there is need for the actors/stakeholders of the electoral process to vigorously discharge their respective duties and obligation in the exercise. The electoral bodies, the civil society, the judiciary, political parties, the mass media, and even the masses who are the electorates are to be adequately orientated, cultured and given awareness on the beauty of participating in the selection process of their leaders. Despite the fact that, the voting behaviour of masses during an election tell more about the success of the system, but the actors or stakeholders involved in the electoral process can influence the level of voters’ turnout in an election, by given the electorates regular orientation and awareness on the electoral system in the society. The study makes use of MoralityImplicit Theory to explain how the electoral process can be free and fair, if the actors involved in the process imbibed moral value and transparency in discharging their duties to the system without fear or favour. This study therefore is a qualitative in nature that employs the use of secondary source of data to explain the mechanism towards free, fair and credible election in Africa


Significance Several have already been excluded from the presidential race. Though notoriously divided, opposition leaders are united in believing that the regime is manipulating the electoral process to remain in power. They may nevertheless struggle to form a coherent response. Impacts Electronic voting will be a major focus of opposition and popular concern over electoral fraud. The electoral commission will face technical, logistical and financial obstacles to organising elections on time. The opposition may seek to coordinate with religious and civil society organisations, to leverage their popular legitimacy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 82-89
Author(s):  
Maksim Mykhailov

Civil society is emerging as a real subject of influence on the electoral processes in Ukraine. Thanks to the skillful and creative use of the latest information and communication technologies, the election races in recent years have given rise to Internet projects, made elections more transparent and open, and narrowed the field for outright manipulation and election fraud in Ukraine.In this article, the author reveals the technological and organizational mechanisms for ensuring the participation of civil society institutions in electoral communication. These mechanisms improve information and communication support of the electoral process, promote the introduction of new digital means, communication services and open platforms for the development of new innovative solutions, expand political participation of the public and involve citizens in elections, contribute to increasing the level of trust, transparency and accountability in a democratic system.These mechanisms of information and communication support of the electoral process are also one of the directions for accelerating the implementation of electronic elections in Ukraine, improving the quality of electoral communication of voters with candidates for positions in public authorities.At the same time, the author characterizes the electoral communications that are actively carried out today thanks to the innovative development of information and communication support for electoral processes, including electronic and digital resources. Public institutions also strengthen and contribute to ensuring the formation of mechanisms for information and communication support of the electoral process in the field of public activity in order to consolidate the efforts of the authorities with the public in order to improve the quality of electoral communication and the introduction of electronic elections in Ukraine.Therefore, according to the author, the study of organizational and technological mechanisms of information and communication support of the electoral process in the field of public activity in the context of modernity is relevant, which led to the choice of the topic of the article.


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